Name: microfluidic bioprinting for engineering vascularized tissues and organoids
Uploaded: 2017-08-11T13:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 8 min 22 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Microfluidic Bioprinting for Engineering Vascularized Tissues and Organoids at JoVE.com

作者承认国家癌症研究所的独立奖 (K99CA201603) 通往国家机构健康。

在本协议中使用的乳鼠心肌细胞株从 2 日龄大鼠后批准的机构动物护理和使用委员会布里格姆妇女医院的既定程序56 。
1.仪器仪表的复印机
<ol>
	<li>插入小钝针 （例如，27 G，1 英寸） 为核心的更大的钝针 （例如，18 G，半英寸） 中心作为鞘构建双层、 同心微流控打印头;请确保核心针微微伸出 （~ 1 毫米） 长于外壳(图 1)。对齐方式是通常手动调节，但如果适当大小的必要垫片可以世俗地夹在刀尖和桶双方协助同心对齐的内、 外针。密封环氧胶桶交界处和对齐间隔从删除提示时适用。</li>
	<li>在中央针在相反方向的桶中插入另一针 (23g)。 然后生成一个洞在上述外针的桶并插入进洞里，紧接着用环氧胶密封匹配大小的金属连接器。</li>
	<li>通过两个 PVC 管单独，连接到 bioink 和交联解决方案，注射双通道注射泵打印头的入口。装载到复印机使用由 poly(methyl methacrylate)) 塑料持有人的头上挤出机。 注意: 复印机选择取决于可用性。在本例中，我们已经成功地测试此安装程序对几个商用 bioprinters。然而，任何生物，具有 x，y，z 的机动化的阶段应，原则上，启用集成此微流控打印头。</li>
</ol>
2.生物 Microfibrous 血管床
<ol>
	<li>使 bioink 4 w/v%（低粘度） 的海藻酸钠、 明胶甲基丙烯酰 （GelMA，1-2 w/v%）57，58，和光引发剂 Irgacure 2959 混合使用 (0.2-0.5 wt.%) 溶解在 25 毫米 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl) 哌嗪-1-基] 乙烷磺酸 （复缓冲区，pH 7.4） 含 10 vol.%胎牛血清 (FBS)。</li>
	<li>复缓冲区包含 10 vol.%胎牛血清作为交联载体流体中提出的 0.3 M CaCl2的解决方案。</li>
	<li>立即生物，游离人脐静脉内皮细胞 (Huvec) 从烧瓶用 0.05 w/v%胰蛋白酶 5-10 分钟，治疗前后悬在 5-10 × 106细胞/毫升浓度 bioink 中的单元格。移液器暂停慢慢地 5 至 10 倍，确保均匀分布。</li>
	<li>开始使用双通道注射泵在相同的流率的 5ml µ L bioink/交联流体注射。可以允许流动连续运行达 1 分钟，直到他们稳定。随后，通过控制在大约 4 毫米/s (图 1B) 沉积速度复印机启动打印头的运动。这些速度可能需要精细调谐与每个新的安装程序，以确保最佳的生物。生物过程通常进行室温 (21-25 ° C)，但这个温度可能会改变。生物过程应该允许快离子凝胶化海藻成分和沉积 microfibrous 支架 (图 1B)。</li>
	<li>脚手架是罗后，20-30 s (图 1C) 通过进一步交联的 GelMA 组件，在大约 5-10 兆瓦/厘米2的 UV 光 (360-480 nm) 实现化学凝胶。</li>
	<li>生物和交联后，轻轻地洗净用磷酸盐缓冲液 (PBS)，删除多余的 CaCl2脚手架。文化 Huvec 载货 microfibrous 支架在血管内皮细胞的生长介质 (EGM) 在一个孵化器在 37 ° C 和 5 vol.%CO2长达 16 天与介质改变至少每隔 2 天。文化期间监测在显微镜下 Huvec 的形貌。</li>
</ol>
3.构建血管的组织
<ol>
	<li>一旦脐已经迁移到的边缘在脚手架上，形成管腔样结构 (图 1D) 超细纤维，检索脚手架，轻轻地将其放在表面的疏水性表面 （例如，板坯硅氧烷 [PDMS]）。使用一块无菌过滤纸小心地从毛细管力与脚手架的间隙空间卸下所有介质。</li>
	<li>立即添加一滴 （大约 20-40 微升） 悬挂系统的二次电池类型 （例如，心肌细胞），密度为 1-10 × 106细胞/毫升上脚手架，应渗透到整个间隙的支架 (图 1E) 介质中。培养这种配置在孵化器 （37 ° C，5 vol.%CO2，相对湿度 95%） 为 0.5-2 h，使细胞附着个人超细纤维。同期，确保没有明显的蒸发观察监测液滴尺寸。</li>
	<li>轻轻地清洗支架的摇晃中，PBS 浴相关介质中删除任何非贴壁细胞和文化建设，直到形成所需的带血管蒂的组织。</li>
</ol>

作者宣称，他们有没有经济利益的竞争。

建设的同轴打印头表示成功的微流控生物，以便这两个 bioink 从核心和交联剂用量从鞘的同时交付的关键步骤。虽然在本议定书中使用 27 G 针为核心，18g 针为壳创建了示例打印头，它可能很容易扩展到各种组合使用不同大小的针。然而，改变在针大小，流量变动的结果发表在每个阶段，将需要进一步优化的流率的 bioink 和交联剂 （可分别调节两个注射器泵使用一种双通道），和可能也招致复印机?...

组织工程的目标，以生成可用于取代、 还原或增加那些受伤或患病在人体1，2，3，4，往往是通过所需单元格类型、 生物活性分子5，6和生物材料7，8，，910的组合的功能性组织代用品。最近，组织工程技术也越来越多地采取了生成体外组织和器官模型模拟体内的同行，药物开发，在常规过度简化平面单元格文化11，12，13，14，15，16，17，，1819更换等应用程序的重要功能。在这两种情况下，能够概括复杂的微体系结构和人体组织层次结构是关键在启用功能的工程化的组织10，和特别是，如何融入工程化组织的血管网络的需求因为血管化提出了场20，21，，2223的最大挑战之一。
到目前为止，各种方法已在这方面，试图构建血管结构组织工程的构建和不同程度的成功8成。例如，自组装的内皮细胞允许生成的微血管网络24;交付的新生血管生长因子诱导新生血管持续的25，26;利用血管祖细胞和周细胞促进内皮细胞生长和大会24，27;设计脚手架属性使精确调制的血管28，29;和电池板技术允许的血管分层30操作控制方便。然而，这些策略不赋予控制血管，往往导致的血管组织工程的构建和因而有限的重现内随机分布的空间模式的能力。在过去几年期间生物已成为一类有利的技术来实现的这种挑战，因为他们无与伦比的多功能性，在自动或半自动方式31，，3233沉积复合组织模式在高保真和重现性的解决方案。祭祀的生物34，35，36，，3738、 嵌入式的生物39，，4041和空心结构生物/待客42，43，44，45，46，47，48，49，50，51，52，53有所有论证了生成血管或带血管蒂的组织的可行性。
另外，微流控生物战略 microfibrous 支架制造最近已发展了、 哪里混合 bioink 组成的海藻和甲基丙烯酰明胶 (GelMA) 通过同心打印头和氯化钙 (CaCl2) 解决方案的核心贯彻执行打印头54，55外鞘流。这两种流允许立即物理交联的海藻组件启用超细纤维的形成，而随后的光交联确保长期稳定的多层 microfibrous 支架共挤。值得注意的是，发现封装在罗超细纤维内的内皮细胞增殖和迁移向超细纤维假设模仿血管床54，55的管腔样结构的边缘。这些生物打印，置血管床可以随后使用填充所需二次电池类型进一步构建血管的组织55。本议定书从而提供这种微流控生物战略由同心喷嘴设计，确保在组织工程和组织化建模中的潜在应用带血管蒂组织制作方便启用的详细的过程。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Alginic acid sodium salt from brown algae</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>A0682</td><td>BioReagent, plant cell culture tested, low viscosity, powder</td></tr><tr><td>Gelatin type A from porcine skin</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>G2500</td><td>Gel strength 300</td></tr><tr><td>Irgacure 2959 (2-Hydroxy-4&#039;-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone)</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>410896</td><td>98%</td></tr><tr><td>HEPES buffer</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>H0887</td><td>1 M, pH 7.0 - 7.6, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture</td></tr><tr><td>Fetal bovine serum&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>10438026</td><td>Qualified, heat-inactivated, USDA-approved regions</td></tr><tr><td>Calcium chloride dihydrate</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>C5080</td><td>BioXtra, &amp;ge;99.0%</td></tr><tr><td>Phosphate buffered saline</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>10010023</td><td>pH 7.4</td></tr><tr><td>Human umbilical vein endothelial cells</td><td>Angio-Proteomie</td><td>cAP-0001</td><td>Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs)</td></tr><tr><td>GFP-expressing human umbilical vein endothelial cells</td><td>Angio-Proteomie</td><td>cAP-0001GFP</td><td>GFP-Expressing Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (GFPHUVECs)</td></tr><tr><td>Endothelial cell growth medium</td><td>Lonza</td><td>CC-3162</td><td>EGM-2 BulletKit</td></tr><tr><td>Dulbecco&amp;rsquo;s Modified Eagle Medium&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>12430054</td><td>High glucose, HEPES</td></tr><tr><td>Sylgard 184 silicone elastomer kit</td><td>Ellsworth Adhesives</td><td>184 SIL ELAST KIT 0.5KG</td><td>Clear 0.5 kg Kit</td></tr><tr><td>UV curing lamp system</td><td>Excelitas Technologies</td><td>OmniCure S2000</td><td>Spot UV Light Curing System with Intelligent UV Sensor</td></tr></tbody></table>

microfluidic bioprinting for engineering vascularized tissues and organoids

工程血管化的组织构造和细胞器解体以来历史上具有挑战性。在这里，我们描述一种基于微流控生物生成多层交错水凝胶超细纤维支架的新颖方法。要实现平滑生物，包含从核心流和交联解决方案由鞘流，挤压复合 bioink 制定的核心鞘微流控打印头设计和装在复印机。通过混合与海藻酸钠明胶丙烯 (GelMA)，经历了在场的瞬时离子交联多糖选择二价离子，其次是要实现长期的稳定的 GelMA 组件二次交联，microfibrous 支架可使用这种生物策略。重要的是，封装在罗超细纤维内的内皮细胞可以形成 16 天，当然文化类似血管管腔样结构。置 microfibrous 支架可进一步用于血管床作为构建血管化的组织，通过后续播的超细纤维间质太空的二次电池类型。微流控生物提供了方便的高保真在血管组织工程中的广义的策略。

微流控生物策略，可以直接挤出使用低粘度 bioinks54，55microfibrous 支架材料的生物。如图 2A，脚手架，其大小为 6 × 6 × 6 毫米3包含 &#62; 30 层的超细纤维可能会在 10 分钟内的罗。同时确保长期稳定的罗 microfibrous 支架，所述顶视图和侧视图图 2B 和 2c所示的 GelMA 组件随后物?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Microfluidic Bioprinting for Engineering Vascularized Tissues and Organoids at JoVE.com

Microfluidic Bioprinting for Engineering Vascularized Tissues and Organoids

我们提供一种基于微流控生物战略工程 microfibrous 血管床，在二次电池类型可以进一步播种进入这 microfibrous 结构来生成血管的组织和细胞器解体的间隙空间的广义的协议。

微流控生物工程血管化组织和细胞器解体

Engineering vascularized tissue constructs and organoids has been historically challenging. Here we describe a novel method based on microfluidic ...

microfluidic-bioprinting-for-engineering-vascularized-tissues

Research

JoVE Journal

Bioengineering

15.7K 次观看.  Harvard Medical School. 我们提供一种基于微流控生物战略工程 microfibrous 血管床，在二次电池类型可以进一步播种进入这 microfibrous 结构来生成血管的组织和细胞器解体的间隙空间的广义的协议。

视频: Microfluidic Bioprinting for Engineering Vascularized Tissues and Organoids

Viability of Bioprinted Cellular Constructs Using a Three Dispenser Cartesian Printer

Tissue engineering has centralized its focus on the construction of replacements for non-functional or damaged tissue. The utilization of three-dimensional bioprinting in tissue engineering has generated new methods for the printing of cells and matrix to fabricate biomimetic tissue constructs. The solid freeform fabrication (SFF) method developed for three-dimensional bioprinting uses an additive manufacturing approach by depositing droplets of cells and hydrogels in a layer-by-layer fashion. Bioprinting fabrication is dependent on the specific placement of biological materials into three-dimensional architectures, and the printed constructs should closely mimic the complex organization of cells and extracellular matrices in native tissue. This paper highlights the use of the Palmetto Printer, a Cartesian bioprinter, as well as the process of producing spatially organized, viable constructs while simultaneously allowing control of environmental factors. This methodology utilizes computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing to produce these specific and complex geometries. Finally, this approach allows for the reproducible production of fabricated constructs optimized by controllable printing parameters.

A Cartesian bioprinter was designed and fabricated to allow multi-material deposition in precise, reproducible geometries, while also allowing control of environmental factors. Utilizing the three-dimensional bioprinter, complex and viable constructs may be printed and easily reproduced.

Bioprinted蜂窝构造的可行性使用三分配器笛卡尔打印机

Tissue engineering has centralized its focus on the construction of replacements for non-functional or damaged tissue. The utilization of ...

科研

生物工程

Bioprinting Cellularized Constructs Using a Tissue-specific Hydrogel Bioink

Bioprinting has emerged as a versatile biofabrication approach for creating tissue engineered organ constructs. These constructs have potential use as organ replacements for implantation in patients, and also, when created on a smaller size scale as model "organoids" that can be used in in vitro systems for drug and toxicology screening.
Despite development of a wide variety of bioprinting devices, application of bioprinting technology can be limited by the availability of materials that both expedite bioprinting procedures and support cell viability and function by providing tissue-specific cues. Here we describe a versatile hyaluronic acid (HA) and gelatin-based hydrogel system comprised of a multi-crosslinker, 2-stage crosslinking protocol, which can provide tissue specific biochemical signals and mimic the mechanical properties of in vivo tissues. 
Biochemical factors are provided by incorporating tissue-derived extracellular matrix materials, which include potent growth factors. Tissue mechanical properties are controlled combinations of PEG-based crosslinkers with varying molecular weights, geometries (linear or multi-arm), and functional groups to yield extrudable bioinks and final construct shear stiffness values over a wide range (100 Pa to 20 kPa). Using these parameters, hydrogel bioinks were used to bioprint primary liver spheroids in a liver-specific bioink to create in vitro liver constructs with high cell viability and measurable functional albumin and urea output. This methodology provides a general framework that can be adapted for future customization of hydrogels for biofabrication of a wide range of tissue construct types.

We describe a set of protocols that together provide a tissue-mimicking hydrogel bioink with which functional and viable 3-D tissue constructs can be bioprinted for use in in vitro screening applications.

生物印刷细胞化构造使用组织特异性水凝胶生物油墨

Bioprinting has emerged as a versatile biofabrication approach for creating tissue engineered organ constructs. These constructs have potential use as ...

Micropatterning and Assembly of 3D Microvessels

In vitro platforms to study endothelial cells and vascular biology are largely limited to 2D endothelial cell culture, flow chambers with polymer or glass based substrates, and hydrogel-based tube formation assays. These assays, while informative, do not recapitulate lumen geometry, proper extracellular matrix, and multi-cellular proximity, which play key roles in modulating vascular function. This manuscript describes an injection molding method to generate engineered vessels with diameters on the order of 100 &#181;m. Microvessels are fabricated by seeding endothelial cells in a microfluidic channel embedded within a native type I collagen hydrogel. By incorporating parenchymal cells within the collagen matrix prior to channel formation, specific tissue microenvironments can be modeled and studied. Additional modulations of hydrodynamic properties and media composition allow for control of complex vascular function within the desired microenvironment. This platform allows for the study of perivascular cell recruitment, blood-endothelium interactions, flow response, and tissue-microvascular interactions. Engineered microvessels offer the ability to isolate the influence from individual components of a vascular niche and precisely control its chemical, mechanical, and biological properties to study vascular biology in both health and disease.

This manuscript presents an injection molding method to engineer microvessels that recapitulate physiological properties of endothelium. The microfluidic-based process creates patent 3D vascular networks with tailorable conditions, such as flow, cellular composition, geometry, and biochemical gradients. The fabrication process and examples of potential applications are described.

缩微和3D微血管大会

In vitro platforms to study endothelial cells and vascular biology are largely limited to 2D endothelial cell culture, flow chambers with polymer or glass ...

Image-guided, Laser-based Fabrication of Vascular-derived Microfluidic Networks

This detailed protocol outlines the implementation of image-guided, laser-based hydrogel degradation for the fabrication of vascular-derived microfluidic networks embedded in PEGDA hydrogels. Here, we describe the creation of virtual masks that allow for image-guided laser control; the photopolymerization of a micromolded PEGDA hydrogel, suitable for microfluidic network fabrication and pressure head-driven flow; the setup and use of a commercially available laser scanning confocal microscope paired with a femtosecond pulsed Ti:S laser to induce hydrogel degradation; and the imaging of fabricated microfluidic networks using fluorescent species and confocal microscopy. Much of the protocol is focused on the proper setup and implementation of the microscope software and microscope macro, as these are crucial steps in using a commercial microscope for microfluidic fabrication purposes that contain a number of intricacies. The image-guided component of this technique allows for the implementation of 3D image stacks or user-generated 3D models, thereby allowing for creative microfluidic design and for the fabrication of complex microfluidic systems of virtually any configuration. With an expected impact in tissue engineering, the methods outlined in this protocol could aid in the fabrication of advanced biomimetic microtissue constructs for organ- and human-on-a-chip devices. By mimicking the complex architecture, tortuosity, size, and density of in vivo vasculature, essential biological transport processes can be replicated in these constructs, leading to more accurate in vitro modeling of drug pharmacokinetics and disease.

This protocol outlines the implementation of image-guided, laser-based hydrogel degradation to fabricate vascular-derived, biomimetic microfluidic networks embedded in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels. These biomimetic microfluidic systems may be useful for tissue engineering applications, generation of in vitro disease models, and fabrication of advanced "on-a-chip" devices.

影像引导下，血管源性微流控网络的基于激光的研制

This detailed protocol outlines the implementation of image-guided, laser-based hydrogel degradation for the fabrication of vascular-derived microfluidic ...

Bioprinting of Cartilage and Skin Tissue Analogs Utilizing a Novel Passive Mixing Unit Technique for Bioink Precellularization

Bioprinting is a powerful technique for the rapid and reproducible fabrication of constructs for tissue engineering applications. In this study, both cartilage and skin analogs were fabricated after bioink pre-cellularization utilizing a novel passive mixing unit technique. This technique was developed with the aim to simplify the steps involved in the mixing of a cell suspension into a highly viscous bioink. The resolution of filaments deposited through bioprinting necessitates the assurance of uniformity in cell distribution prior to printing to avoid the deposition of regions without cells or retention of large cell clumps that can clog the needle. We demonstrate the ability to rapidly blend a cell suspension with a bioink prior to bioprinting of both cartilage and skin analogs. Both tissue analogs could be cultured for up to 4 weeks. Histological analysis demonstrated both cell viability and deposition of tissue specific extracellular matrix (ECM) markers such as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen I respectively.

Cartilage and skin analogs were bioprinted using a nanocellulose-alginate based bioink. The bioinks were cellularized prior to printing via a single step passive mixing unit. The constructs were demonstrated to be uniformly cellularized, have high viability, and exhibit favorable markers of differentiation.

Bioink Precellularization 无源混合装置打印软骨及皮肤组织类似物的应用

Bioprinting is a powerful technique for the rapid and reproducible fabrication of constructs for tissue engineering applications. In this study, both ...

使用 κ-角叉菜胶亚微凝胶培养基推进 3D 生物打印

Embedded Bioprinting of Tissue-like Structures Using &#954;-Carrageenan Sub-Microgel Medium

Embedded three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting utilizing a granular hydrogel supporting bath has emerged as a critical technique for creating biomimetic scaffolds. However, engineering a suitable gel suspension medium that balances precise bioink deposition with cell viability and function presents multiple challenges, particularly in achieving the desired viscoelastic properties. Here, a novel &#954;-carrageenan gel supporting bath is fabricated through an easy-to-operate mechanical grinding process, producing homogeneous sub-microscale particles. These sub-microgels exhibit typical Bingham flow behavior with small yield stress and rapid shear-thinning properties, which facilitate the smooth deposition of bioinks. Moreover, the reversible gel-sol transition and self-healing capabilities of the &#954;-carrageenan microgel network ensure the structural integrity of printed constructs, enabling the creation of complex, multi-layered tissue structures with defined architectural features. Post-printing, the &#954;-carrageenan sub-microgels can be easily removed by a simple phosphate-buffered saline wash. Further bioprinting with cell-laden bioinks demonstrates that cells within the biomimetic constructs have a high viability of 92% and quickly extend pseudopodia, as well as maintain robust proliferation, indicating the potential of this bioprinting strategy for tissue and organ fabrication. In summary, this novel &#954;-carrageenan sub-microgel medium emerges as a promising avenue for embedded bioprinting of exceptional quality, bearing profound implications for the in vitro development of engineered tissues and organs.

作者聚焦:用于高分辨率 3D 生物打印的均相 κ-角叉菜胶亚微凝胶浴的开发

This study introduces a novel &#954;-carrageenan sub-microgel suspension bath, displaying remarkable reversible jamming-unjamming transition properties. These attributes contribute to the construction of biomimetic tissues and organs in embedded 3D bioprinting. The successful printing of heart/esophageal-like tissues with high resolution and cell growth demonstrates high-quality bioprinting and tissue engineering applications.

使用 κ-角叉菜胶亚微凝胶培养基对组织样结构进行嵌入式生物打印

Embedded three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting utilizing a granular hydrogel supporting bath has emerged as a critical technique for creating biomimetic ...

工程学

Perfusable Vascular Network with a Tissue Model in a Microfluidic Device

A spheroid (a multicellular aggregate) is regarded as a good model of living tissues in the human body. Despite the significant advancement in the spheroid cultures, a perfusable vascular network in the spheroids remains a critical challenge for long-term culture required to maintain and develop their functions, such as protein expressions and morphogenesis. The protocol presents a novel method to integrate a perfusable vascular network within the spheroid in a microfluidic device. To induce a perfusable vascular network in the spheroid, angiogenic sprouts connected to microchannels were guided to the spheroid by utilizing angiogenic factors from human lung fibroblasts cultured in the spheroid. The angiogenic sprouts reached the spheroid, merged with the endothelial cells co-cultured in the spheroid, and formed a continuous vascular network. The vascular network could perfuse the interior of the spheroid without any leakage. The constructed vascular network may be further used as a route for supply of nutrients and removal of waste products, mimicking blood circulation in vivo. The method provides a new platform in spheroid culture toward better recapitulation of living tissues.

The protocol describes how to engineer a perfusable vascular network in a spheroid. The spheroid's surrounding microenvironment is devised to induce angiogenesis and connect the spheroid to the microchannels in a microfluidic device. The method allows the perfusion of the spheroid, which is a long-awaited technique in three-dimensional cultures.

微流控装置中组织模型的 Perfusable 血管网

A spheroid (a multicellular aggregate) is regarded as a good model of living tissues in the human body. Despite the significant advancement in the ...

Core/shell Printing Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering Of Tubular Structures

Three-dimensional (3D) printing of core/shell filaments allows direct fabrication of channel structures with a stable shell that is cross-linked at the interface with a liquid core. The latter is removed post-printing, leaving behind a hollow tube. Integrating an additive manufacturing technique (like the one described here with tailor-made [bio]inks, which structurally and biochemically mimic the native extracellular matrix [ECM]) is an important step towards advanced tissue engineering. However, precise fabrication of well-defined structures requires tailored fabrication strategies optimized for the material in use. Therefore, it is sensible to begin with a set-up that is customizable, simple-to-use, and compatible with a broad spectrum of materials and applications. This work presents an easy-to-manufacture core/shell nozzle with luer-compatibility to explore core/shell printing of woodpile structures, tested with a well-defined, alginate-based scaffold material formulation.

Presented here is a simple-to-use, core/shell, three-dimensional bioprinting set-up for one-step fabrication of hollow scaffolds, suitable for tissue engineering of vascular and other tubular structures.

管状结构组织工程的核心/壳印刷支架

Three-dimensional (3D) printing of core/shell filaments allows direct fabrication of channel structures with a stable shell that is cross-linked at the ...

微流控生物工程血管化组织和细胞器解体

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此视频中的章节

Bioprinted蜂窝构造的可行性使用三分配器笛卡尔打印机

生物印刷细胞化构造使用组织特异性水凝胶生物油墨

缩微和3D微血管大会

影像引导下，血管源性微流控网络的基于激光的研制

Bioink Precellularization 无源混合装置打印软骨及皮肤组织类似物的应用

使用 κ-角叉菜胶亚微凝胶培养基对组织样结构进行嵌入式生物打印

使用 κ-角叉菜胶亚微凝胶培养基对组织样结构进行嵌入式生物打印

使用 κ-角叉菜胶亚微凝胶培养基对组织样结构进行嵌入式生物打印

微流控装置中组织模型的 Perfusable 血管网

管状结构组织工程的核心/壳印刷支架