isolation-native-soil-microorganisms-with-potential-for-breaking-down

Isolation of Native Soil Microorganisms with Potential for Breaking Down Biodegradable Plastic Mulch Films Used in Agriculture

Fungi native to agricultural soils that colonized commercially available biodegradable mulch (BDM) films were isolated and assessed for potential to ...

Washington State University Northwestern Research and Extension Center

The introduced biological control agent Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) has attained pest status in North America as its presence in vineyards during harvest may compromise the quality of the resulting wine. Control of H. axyridis in vineyards is difficult as their populations may fluctuate daily, and there are few products registered to control this pest. Sulfur dioxide, in the form of potassium metabisulfite (KMS), is commonly used in wine as both an antimicrobial and an antioxidant. In this study, the effectiveness of KMS as a repellent against H. axyridis was measured. In a Y-tube olfactometer, H. axyridis spent significantly less time in the treatment arm (KMS 2.5, 5, and 10 g/liter) than in the control arm during a 10-min period. When sprayed in a vineyard, KMS significantly reduced the number of H. axyridis on grape vines. KMS is an effective repellent against H. axyridis and may be suitable for use in vineyards to control this pest. KMS (5 g/liter) applied to Riesling grapes at 2 wk, 1 wk, 3 d, or 1 d before harvest did not affect free sulfur dioxide in either freshly processed or settled juice. This study lays the foundation for the development of a pest management strategy incorporating repellents for H. axyridis in vineyards.

A novel method for controlling multicolored Asian lady beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in vineyards.

L&#39;agent introduit la lutte biologique Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera : Coccinellidae) a obtenu le statut de lutte antiparasitaire en Am&eacute;rique du Nord comme sa pr&eacute;sence dans les vignes pendant la r&eacute;colte peut compromettre la qualit&eacute; du vin qui en r&eacute;sulte. Contr&ocirc;le de H. axyridis dans les vignobles est difficile car leur population est susceptible de fluctuer quotidiennement et il y a peu de produits homologu&eacute; pour contre ce ravageur. Dioxyde de soufre, en forme de m&eacute;tabisulfite de potassium (KMS), est couramment utilis&eacute; dans le vin comme un antimicrobien et antioxydant. Dans cette &eacute;tude, l&#39;efficacit&eacute; du KMS comme r&eacute;pulsif contre H. axyridis a &eacute;t&eacute; mesur&eacute;e. Dans un olfactom&egrave;tre de tube en Y, H. axyridis a pass&eacute; beaucoup moins de temps dans le bras de traitement (2.5 KMS, 5 et 10 g/litre) que dans le bras de contr&ocirc;le pendant une p&eacute;riode de 10 min. Lorsqu&#39;ils sont pulv&eacute;ris&eacute;s dans un vignoble, KMS a consid&eacute;rablement r&eacute;duit le nombre de H. axyridis sur vignes. KMS est un r&eacute;pulsif efficace contre H. axyridis et peut &ecirc;tre utilisable dans les vignes pour contr&ocirc;ler cet insecte. KMS (5 g/litre) appliqu&eacute;e aux c&eacute;pages Riesling &agrave; 2 SEM, 1 semaine, 3 d, ou 1D avant r&eacute;colte n&#39;a pas affect&eacute; le dioxyde de soufre libre en soit fra&icirc;chement trait&eacute;e ou s&#39;installe le jus. Cette &eacute;tude jette les bases pour l&#39;&eacute;laboration d&#39;une strat&eacute;gie de gestion des ravageurs incorporant des r&eacute;pulsifs pour H. axyridis dans les vignobles.

Une nouvelle m&eacute;thode pour contr&ocirc;ler la coccinelle asiatique multicolore (Coleoptera : Coccinellidae) dans les vignobles.

L&#39;agente di controllo biologico introdotto Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) ha raggiunto lo status di pest in Nord America come la sua presenza nel vigneto durante la vendemmia pu&ograve; compromettere la qualit&agrave; del vino risultante. Controllo di H. axyridis nei vigneti &egrave; difficile come le loro popolazioni possono variare ogni giorno e ci sono pochi prodotti registrati per il controllo di questo parassita. Biossido di zolfo, nella forma di metabisolfito di potassio (KMS), &egrave; comunemente usato nel vino come un antimicrobico e antiossidante. In questo studio, &egrave; stata misurata l&#39;efficacia di KMS come un repellente contro H. axyridis. In un olfattometro Y-tubo, H. axyridis speso significativamente meno tempo nel braccio di trattamento (km 2.5, 5 e 10 g/litro) rispetto al braccio di controllo per un periodo di 10 min. Quando spruzzato in un vigneto, KMS ridotto significativamente il numero di H. axyridis sulle vigne. KMS &egrave; un efficace repellente contro H. axyridis e pu&ograve; essere adatto per l&#39;uso nei vigneti per il controllo di questo parassita. KMS (5 g/litro) applicati a uve Riesling in 2 sett, 1 settimana, 3 d, o d 1 prima vendemmia non influisce sulla libera anidride solforosa sia appena elaborato o depositato il succo. Questo studio pone le basi per lo sviluppo di una strategia di gestione dei parassiti che incorporano repellenti per H. axyridis nei vigneti.

Debra Inglis

Washington State University Northwestern Research and Extension Center

Isolation of Native Soil Microorganisms with Potential for Breaking Down Biodegradable Plastic Mulch Films Used in Agriculture