Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) results in abnormal cardiac function that is apparent antenatally due to advances in fetoplacental Doppler ...

Katholieke Universiteit Leuven

The study was designed to test the influence of the temporal resolution, at which tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and speckle tracking imaging (STI) operate, on the accurate assessment of left ventricular (LV) untwist rate (UR).

Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular untwist rate: comparison of tissue Doppler and speckle tracking methodologies.

L&#39;&eacute;tude visait &agrave; tester l&#39;influence de la r&eacute;solution temporelle, &agrave; quels tissus Doppler imaging (TDI) et speckle tracking (STI) d&#39;imagerie exploiter, sur l&#39;&eacute;valuation pr&eacute;cise du ventricule gauche (VG) d&eacute;tordre taux (UR).

&Eacute;valuation &eacute;chocardiographique de ventricule gauche d&eacute;tordre taux : Comparaison de tissu Doppler et chatoiement des m&eacute;thodologies de suivi.

Lo studio &egrave; stato progettato per verificare l&#39;influenza della risoluzione temporale, al quale tessuto Doppler imaging (TDI) e speckle imaging (STI) di rilevamento operare, sulla valutazione accurata del ventricolo sinistro (LV) svitate tasso (UR).

Valutazione ecocardiografica ventricolare sinistra svitate tasso: confronto del tessuto Doppler e speckle metodologie di rilevamento.

we investigated the performance of quantitative stress perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a basis for identifying and characterizing the area-at-risk subtending a chronic coronary artery (CA) stenosis.

Non-invasive characterization of the area-at-risk using magnetic resonance imaging in chronic ischaemia.

Nous avons &eacute;tudi&eacute; la performance des contraintes quantitatives perfusion r&eacute;sonance magn&eacute;tique (IRM) comme base pour identifier et caract&eacute;riser la zone &agrave; risque sous-tendant une st&eacute;nose de l&#39;art&egrave;re coronaire chronique (CA).

Caract&eacute;risation non invasive de la zone &agrave; risque &agrave; l&#39;aide de l&#39;imagerie par r&eacute;sonance magn&eacute;tique dans l&#39;isch&eacute;mie chronique.

abbiamo studiato le prestazioni di stress quantitativa della perfusione risonanza magnetica (MRI) come base per l&#39;identificazione e la caratterizzazione della zona a rischio sottendere una stenosi coronarica cronica (CA).

Caratterizzazione non invasiva dello zona a rischio mediante imaging a risonanza magnetica nell&#39;ischemia cronica.

An alternative approach to extract 3D myocardial strain based on elastic registration of the ultrasound images (3DSE) was developed by our lab. The aim of the present study was to test its clinical performance by comparing strain values obtained by 3DSE with the ones obtained with 2D speckle tracking (2DST). Standard 2D B-mode and volumetric datasets were acquired in 12 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and in 12 control subjects. Longitudinal (Îµ(LL)), circumferential (Îµ(CC)) and radial (Îµ(RR)) strain values were obtained from 2D datasets using commercially available 2DST software and from volumetric datasets using the 3DSE approach. 3DSE provided lower strain values than 2DST. With both approaches global Îµ(LL) and Îµ(CC) were significantly lower in patients with CHD than in controls. Global Îµ(LL) and Îµ(CC) correlated well between both methods (R = 0.83, R = 0.86, respectively), while segmental correlations were moderate [R = 0.63 (Îµ(LL)), R = 0.41 (Îµ(CC))]. The highest differences in Îµ(LL) values obtained by the two methods and the highest number of erroneous Îµ(LL) with 3DSE were observed in the basal LV segments. This study shows that in real-life datasets our 3DSE method provides global and regional Îµ(LL) and Îµ(CC) values that are comparable with the ones obtained from 2DST, even though they are not interchangeable with each other. As only a single acquisition is required, 3D methods may offer advantages over the current 2D techniques. However, the accuracy of the 3DSE can still be improved by solving the problems that appear with deformation estimation in the basal segments.

Comparison of a new methodology for the assessment of 3D myocardial strain from volumetric ultrasound with 2D speckle tracking.

Une autre approche pour extraire la souche myocardique 3D bas&eacute;e sur &eacute;lastique d&#39;enregistrement des images ultrasons (3DSE) a &eacute;t&eacute; d&eacute;velopp&eacute;e par notre laboratoire. Le but de cette &eacute;tude &eacute;tait de tester ses performances cliniques en comparant les valeurs de d&eacute;formation obtenues par 3DSE avec ceux obtenus avec la 2D speckle tracking (2DST). B-mode 2D standard et des ensembles de donn&eacute;es volum&eacute;triques ont &eacute;t&eacute; acquises chez 12 patients atteints de maladie coronarienne (CHD) et dans 12 sujets t&eacute;moins. Longitudinal (&epsilon;(LL)), circonf&eacute;rentielle (&epsilon;(CC)) et radial (souche &epsilon;(RR)) valeurs ont &eacute;t&eacute; obtenues par des ensembles de donn&eacute;es 2D &agrave; l&#39;aide de logiciels disponibles dans le commerce 2DST et des ensembles de donn&eacute;es volum&eacute;triques en utilisant l&#39;approche 3DSE. 3DSE fourni des valeurs de tension plus faibles que 2DST. Avec ces deux approches globales &epsilon;(LL) et &epsilon;(CC) ont &eacute;t&eacute; significativement plus faibles chez les patients atteints de maladies coronariennes que chez les t&eacute;moins. Global &epsilon;(LL) et &epsilon;(CC) en corr&eacute;lation bien entre les deux m&eacute;thodes (R = 0,83, R = 0,86, respectivement), tandis que les corr&eacute;lations segmentaires &eacute;taient mod&eacute;r&eacute;es [R = 0,63 (&epsilon;(LL)), R = 0,41 (&epsilon;(CC))]. Les diff&eacute;rences plus hauts de &epsilon;(LL) valeurs obtient par les deux m&eacute;thodes et le plus grand nombre de fausse &epsilon;(LL) avec 3DSE ont &eacute;t&eacute; observ&eacute;s dans les segments de LV basales. Cette &eacute;tude montre que dans les ensembles de donn&eacute;es r&eacute;elles notre m&eacute;thode 3DSE fournit des valeurs &epsilon;(LL) et &epsilon;(CC) mondiaux et r&eacute;gionaux qui sont comparables &agrave; ceux obtenus &agrave; partir de 2DST, m&ecirc;me s&#39;ils ne sont pas interchangeables entre eux. Seule une acquisition unique est n&eacute;cessaire, m&eacute;thodes 3D peuvent offrent des avantages sur les techniques actuelles de la 2D. Cependant, l&#39;exactitude de la 3DSE encore peut &ecirc;tre am&eacute;lior&eacute;e qu&#39;en r&eacute;solvant les probl&egrave;mes qui apparaissent avec l&#39;estimation de la d&eacute;formation dans les segments basaux.

Comparaison d&#39;une nouvelle m&eacute;thodologie pour l&#39;&eacute;valuation de la souche myocardique 3D d&#39;&eacute;chographie volum&eacute;trique avec 2D speckle tracking.

Un approccio alternativo per estrarre il ceppo del miocardio 3D basato su elastico registrazione delle immagini ad ultrasuoni (3DSE) &egrave; stato sviluppato dal nostro laboratorio. Lo scopo del presente studio era quello di testare le prestazioni cliniche confrontando i valori di deformazione ottenuti da 3DSE con quelli ottenuti con 2D speckle tracking (2DST). B-modalit&agrave; 2D standard e DataSet volumetrico sono stati acquisiti in 12 pazienti con malattia coronarica (CHD) e in 12 soggetti di controllo. Longitudinale (&epsilon;(LL)), circonferenziale (&epsilon;(CC)) e radiale (ceppo &epsilon;(RR)) i valori sono stati ottenuti dal DataSet 2D utilizzando il software disponibile in commercio 2DST e dal DataSet volumetrico utilizzando l&#39;approccio 3DSE. 3DSE forniti valori di deformazione inferiori rispetto 2DST. Con entrambi gli approcci globali &epsilon;(LL) e &epsilon;(CC) erano significativamente pi&ugrave; bassi nei pazienti con CHD rispetto a controlli. &Epsilon;(LL) e &epsilon;(CC) globale correlato bene tra entrambi i metodi (R = 0,83, R = 0,86, rispettivamente), mentre le correlazioni segmentale erano moderate [R = 0,63 (&epsilon;(LL)), R = 0,41 (&epsilon;(CC))]. Le differenze pi&ugrave; alte in &epsilon;(LL) i valori ottenuti dai due metodi, e il pi&ugrave; alto numero di erronea &epsilon;(LL) con 3DSE sono stati osservati nei segmenti basali di LV. Questo studio dimostra che nella vita reale DataSet nostro metodo 3DSE fornisce valori &epsilon;(LL) e &epsilon;(CC) globali e regionali che sono comparabili con quelli ottenuti da 2DST, anche se non sono intercambiabili con gli altri. Come solo una singola acquisizione &egrave; richiesto, metodi 3D possono offrire vantaggi rispetto le attuali tecniche 2D. Tuttavia, la precisione del 3DSE pu&ograve; essere migliorata ancora da risolvere i problemi che appaiono con stima di deformazione nei segmenti basali.

Confronto di una nuova metodologia per la valutazione del ceppo del miocardio 3D da volumetrico ad ultrasuoni con 2D speckle tracking.

It is well accepted that strain and strain rate deformation parameters are not only a measure of intrinsic myocardial contractility but are also influenced by changes in cardiac load and structure. To date, no information is available on the relative importance of these confounders. This study was designed to investigate how strain and strain rate, measured by Doppler echocardiography, relate to the individual factors that determine cardiac performance. Echocardiographic and conductance measurements were simultaneously performed in mice in which individual determinants of cardiac performance were mechanically and/or pharmacologically modulated. A multivariable analysis was performed with radial and circumferential strains and peak systolic radial and circumferential strain rates as dependent parameters and preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW), arterial elastance (E(a)), end-diastolic pressure, and left ventricular myocardial volume (LVMV) as independent factors representing myocardial contractility, afterload, preload, and myocardial volume, respectively. Radial strain was most influenced by E(a) (Î² = -0.58, R(2) = 0.34), whereas circumferential strain was strongly associated with E(a) and moderately with LVMV (Î² = 0.79 and -0.52, respectively, R(2) = 0.54). Radial strain rate was related to both PRSW and LVMV (Î² = 0.79 and -0.62, respectively, R(2) = 0.50), whereas circumferential strain rate showed a prominent correlation only with PRSW (Î² = -0.61, R(2) = 0.51). In conclusion, strain (both radial and circumferential) is not a good surrogate measure of intrinsic myocardial contractility unless the strong confounding influence of afterload is considered. Strain rate is a more robust measure of contractility that is less influenced by changes in cardiac load and structure. Thus, peak systolic strain rate is the more relevant parameter to assess myocardial contractile function noninvasively.

The relative value of strain and strain rate for defining intrinsic myocardial function.

Il est bien &eacute;tabli que la souche et la souche de d&eacute;formation de taux param&egrave;tres ne sont pas seulement une mesure de la contractilit&eacute; myocardique intrins&egrave;que, mais sont &eacute;galement influenc&eacute;es par des changements dans la structure et de la charge cardiaque. A ce jour, aucune information n&#39;est disponible sur l&#39;importance relative de ces facteurs de confusion. Cette &eacute;tude visait &agrave; &eacute;valuer comment la souche et la vitesse de d&eacute;formation, mesur&eacute;e par &eacute;chocardiographie de Doppler, se rapportent &agrave; diff&eacute;rents facteurs qui d&eacute;terminent la performance cardiaque. Echocardiographic et la conductance de mesures effectu&eacute;es simultan&eacute;ment chez la souris dans lequel diff&eacute;rents d&eacute;terminants de la performance cardiaque ont &eacute;t&eacute; m&eacute;caniquement et/ou pharmacologiquement modul&eacute;es. Une analyse multivariable a &eacute;t&eacute; r&eacute;alis&eacute;e avec des souches radiales et circonf&eacute;rentielles et PIC systolique d&eacute;formation radiale et circonf&eacute;rentielles sont &eacute;lev&eacute;es comme param&egrave;tres d&eacute;pendants et pr&eacute;charge travail AVC recrutables (PRSW), &eacute;lastance art&eacute;rielle (pression t&eacute;l&eacute;diastolique, E(a)) et volume du myocarde ventriculaire gauche (LVMV) comme facteurs ind&eacute;pendants repr&eacute;sentant la contractilit&eacute; myocardique, la postcharge, volume de pr&eacute;charge et myocardique, respectivement. D&eacute;formation radiale a &eacute;t&eacute; principalement influenc&eacute;e par les E(a) (&beta; = -0,58, r = 0, 34), tandis que la contrainte circonf&eacute;rentielle &eacute;tait fortement associ&eacute; &agrave; E(a) et mod&eacute;r&eacute;ment &agrave; LVMV (&beta; = 0,79 et -0,52, respectivement, r = 0,54). Taux de d&eacute;formation radiale &eacute;tait li&eacute;e &agrave; la fois PRSW et LVMV (&beta; = 0,79 et 478,198, respectivement, r = 0,50), tandis que le taux de d&eacute;formation circonf&eacute;rentielle ont montr&eacute; une corr&eacute;lation importante qu&#39;avec PRSW (&beta; =-0.61, r = 0,51). En conclusion, souche (radiale et circonf&eacute;rentielle) n&#39;est pas une mesure de bon substitut de la contractilit&eacute; myocardique intrins&egrave;que &agrave; moins que la forte influence de confusion de la postcharge est consid&eacute;r&eacute;e. Vitesse de d&eacute;formation est une mesure plus fiable de contractilit&eacute; qui est que moins influenc&eacute; par les changements dans la structure et de la charge cardiaque. Ainsi, le taux maximal de la tension systolique est le param&egrave;tre plus pertinent pour &eacute;valuer la fonction contractile du myocarde de fa&ccedil;on non invasive.

La valeur relative de la souche et la vitesse de d&eacute;formation pour la d&eacute;finition de la fonction myocardique intrins&egrave;que.

&Egrave; ben accettato che ceppo e ceppo deformazione tasso i parametri non sono solo una misura di contrattilit&agrave; miocardica intrinseca, ma sono anche influenzati da cambiamenti nella struttura e carico cardiaco. Ad oggi, non sono disponibili informazioni sull&#39;importanza relativa di questi fattori di confondimento. Questo studio &egrave; stato progettato per indagare come ceppo e ceppo tasso, misurata con l&#39;ecocardiografia Doppler, riguardano i singoli fattori che determinano la performance cardiaca. Echocardiographic e conduttanza misurazioni sono state eseguite contemporaneamente in topi in cui singoli determinanti della performance cardiaca erano meccanicamente e/o farmacologicamente modulate. Un&#39;analisi di pi&ugrave; variabili &egrave; stata eseguita con tensioni radiali e circonferenziali e tassi di deformazione radiale e circonferenziale sistolica come dipendente da parametri di picco e precarico lavoro reclutabili stroke (PRSW), elastance arteriosa (E(a)), fine-diastole e sinistro volume del miocardio ventricolare (LVMV) come fattori indipendenti che rappresentano la contrattilit&agrave; del miocardio, afterload, volume, precarico e del miocardio, rispettivamente. Deformazione radiale &egrave; stato pi&ugrave; influenzato dalla lettera (&beta; =-0.58, R(2) = 0,34), considerando che la deformazione circonferenziale era fortemente associata con la lettera e moderatamente con LVMV (&beta; = 0,79 e-0.52, rispettivamente, R(2) = 0,54). Tasso di deformazione radiale era imparentato sia PRSW e LVMV (&beta; = 0,79 e-0.62, rispettivamente, R(2) = 0,50), mentre il tasso di deformazione circonferenziale ha mostrato una correlazione importante solo con PRSW (&beta; =-0.61, R(2) = 0,51). In conclusione, ceppo (radiale e circonferenziali) non sono una misura di buon surrogato della contrattilit&agrave; miocardica intrinseca, a meno che la forte influenza di confondimento di afterload &egrave; considerata. Tasso di deformazione &egrave; una misura pi&ugrave; robusta della contrattilit&agrave; che &egrave; che meno influenzato dai cambiamenti nella struttura e carico cardiaco. Cos&igrave;, velocit&agrave; di picco sistolica ceppo &egrave; il parametro pi&ugrave; rilevante per valutare la funzione contrattile miocardica in modo non invasivo.

Il valore relativo della ceppo e ceppo per la definizione di funzione miocardica intrinseca.

AIMS: This study was designed in order to compare the strain and strain rate deformation parameters assessed by speckle tracking imaging (STI) with those of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and conductance catheter measurements in chronic murine models of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-four male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to wild-type (n = 8), myocardial infarction (n = 8) and transaortic constriction (n = 8) groups. Echocardiographic and conductance measurements were simultaneously performed at rest and during dobutamine infusion (5 Âµg/kg/min) in all animals 10 weeks post-surgery. The LV circumferential strain (Scirc) and the strain rate (SRcirc) were derived from grey scale and tissue Doppler data at frame rates of 224 and 375 Hz, respectively. Scirc and SRcirc by TDI/STI correlated well with the preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW) (r = -0.64 and -0.71 for TDI; r = -0.46 and -0.50 for STI, P < 0.05). Both modalities showed a good agreement with respect to Scirc and SRcirc (r = 0.60 and r = 0.63, P < 0.05). During stress, however, TDI-estimatedÂ Scirc and SRcirc values were predominantly higher than those measured by STI (P < 0.05). The similarity of Scirc and SRcirc measurements with respect to the STI/TDI data was examined by the Bland-Altman analysis. CONCLUSION: In mice, the STI- and TDI-derived strain and strain rate deformation parameters relate closely to intrinsic myocardial function. At low heart rate-to-frame rate ratios (HR/FR), both STI and TDI are equally acceptable for assessing the LV function non-invasively in these animals. At HR/FR (e.g. dobutamine challenge), however, these methods cannot be used interchangeably as STI underestimates S and SR at high values.

Assessment of strain and strain rate by two-dimensional speckle tracking in mice: comparison with tissue Doppler echocardiography and conductance catheter measurements.

OBJECTIFS : Cette &eacute;tude a &eacute;t&eacute; con&ccedil;ue afin de comparer la souche et filtrer les param&egrave;tres de d&eacute;formation de taux &eacute;valu&eacute;s par speckle tracking (STI) d&#39;imagerie avec celles du Doppler tissulaire (TDI) et les mesures de conductance cath&eacute;ter dans des mod&egrave;les murins chroniques de dysfonction du ventricule gauche (VG). M&Eacute;THODES et r&eacute;sultats : Vingt-quatre des souris C57BL/6J m&acirc;les ont &eacute;t&eacute; assign&eacute;s &agrave; sauvage (n = 8), infarctus du myocarde (n = 8) et la constriction transaortic (n = 8) groupes. Echocardiographic et la conductance de mesures effectu&eacute;es simultan&eacute;ment au repos et au cours de la perfusion de dobutamine (5 &micro;g/kg/min) en post-chirurgie de 10 semaines tous les animaux. La contrainte circonf&eacute;rentielle de LV (Scirc) et la vitesse de d&eacute;formation (SRcirc) provenaient de l&#39;&eacute;chelle de gris et tissu Doppler donn&eacute;es &agrave; une vitesse de 224 et 375 Hz, respectivement. Scirc et SRcirc par TDI/STI en corr&eacute;lation avec le travail de pr&eacute;contrainte course recrutables (PRSW) (r = -0.64 et -0,71 pour TDI; r = -0,46 et -0.50 pour STI, P &lt; 0,05). Les deux modalit&eacute;s ont montr&eacute; une bonne concordance en ce qui concerne les Scirc et SRcirc (r = 0,60 et r = 0,63, P &lt; 0,05). Pendant l&#39;effort, cependant, TDI-estim&eacute;e Scirc et SRcirc &eacute;taient majoritairement sup&eacute;rieures &agrave; celles mesur&eacute;es chez STI (P 0,05 &lt;). La similitude des mesures Scirc et SRcirc en ce qui concerne les donn&eacute;es STI/TDI a &eacute;t&eacute; &eacute;tudi&eacute;e par l&#39;analyse de Bland-Altman. CONCLUSION : Chez les souris, la souche STI et TDI-d&eacute;riv&eacute;e et param&egrave;tres de d&eacute;formation de taux souche concernent &eacute;troitement fonction myocardique intrins&egrave;que. Aux rapports de faible fr&eacute;quence cardiaque-&agrave;-cadence (HR/FR), les IST et les TDI sont tout aussi acceptable pour &eacute;valuer la fonction ventriculaire non invasive chez ces animaux. HR/FR (par exemple le d&eacute;fi dobutamine), cependant, ces m&eacute;thodes ne peuvent pas servir indiff&eacute;remment comme STI sous-estime S et SR &agrave; des valeurs &eacute;lev&eacute;es.

&Eacute;valuation de souche et des taux de d&eacute;formation par deux dimensions speckle tracking chez la souris : comparaison avec tissu &eacute;chocardiographie et conductance cath&eacute;ter mesures Doppler.

SCOPO: Questo studio &egrave; stato progettato al fine di confrontare il ceppo e ceppo i parametri di deformazione tasso valutati di speckle imaging (STI) di rilevamento con quelli di tissue Doppler imaging, imaging (TDI) e misure di conduttanza catetere in modelli murini croniche di sinistra Disfunzione ventricolare (LV). Metodi e risultati: Venti-quattro topi C57BL/6J maschi furono assegnati a wild-type (n = 8), infarto miocardico (n = 8) e transaortica costrizione (n = 8) gruppi. Echocardiographic e conduttanza misurazioni sono state effettuate contemporaneamente a riposo e durante infusione di dobutamina (5 &micro; g/kg/min) in tutti i post di 10 settimane di animali. La deformazione circonferenza LV (Scirc) e il tasso di deformazione (SRcirc) derivano dalla scala di grigi e tessuto dati Doppler a frame rate di 224 e 375 Hz, rispettivamente. Scirc e SRcirc da TDI/STI correlate bene con il lavoro di precarico reclutabili stroke (PRSW) (r =-0.64 e-0.71 per TDI; r =-0.46 e -0,50 per STI, P &lt; 0,05). Entrambe le modalit&agrave; ha mostrato un buon accordo per quanto riguarda Scirc e SRcirc (r = 0,60 e r = 0,63, P &lt; 0,05). Durante lo sforzo, tuttavia, TDI-stima i valori Scirc e SRcirc erano prevalentemente superiori a quelli misurati da STI (P &lt; 0,05). La somiglianza delle misurazioni Scirc e SRcirc per quanto riguarda i dati STI/TDI &egrave; stata esaminata l&#39;analisi di Bland-Altman. CONCLUSIONE: Nei topi, la STI-TDI derivate e strain e strain rate deformazione parametri riguardano strettamente funzione intrinseca del miocardio. A rapporti di bassa frequenza cardiaca-a-frame rate (FR/HR), STI sia TDI sono ugualmente accettabili per valutare la funzione di LV non-invasivo in questi animali. Non a HR/FR (per esempio dobutamina sfida), tuttavia, questi metodi possono essere interscambiati come STI sottovaluta S e SR a valori elevati.

Valutazione della ceppo e ceppo da bidimensionale speckle tracking nei topi: confronto con tissue Doppler ecocardiografia e conduttanza catetere misurazioni.

Vessilina Ferferieva

Department of Cardiovascular Sciences

Katholieke Universiteit Leuven

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Vessilina Ferferieva

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}Department of Cardiovascular Sciences

Katholieke Universiteit Leuven

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Department of Cardiovascular Sciences