Capítulo 19
Sistemas sensoriales
¿Qué es un sistema sensorial?
Sensory systems detect stimuli—such as light and sound waves—and transduce them into neural signals that can be interpreted by the nervous ...
La lengua y las papilas gustativas
The surface of the tongue is covered with various small bumps called papillae, which either distribute what has been ingested (filiform papillae) or ...
El gusto
Gustation is a chemical sense that, along with olfaction (smell), contributes to our perception of taste. It starts with the activation of receptors by ...
El olfato
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches ...
La audición
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of ...
Las células ciliadas
Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can ...
La cóclea
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are ...
El sistema vestibular
The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures ...
La retina
The retina is a layer of nervous tissue at the back of the eye that transduces light into neural signals. This process, called phototransduction, is ...
La visión
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and ...
La somatosensación
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the ...
La sensación térmica
Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected ...
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