Name: Isolation of Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) from Perivascular Adipose Tissue (PVAT)
Uploaded: 2023-07-21T12:30:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Stromal Vascular Fraction SVF from Perivascular Adipose Tissue PVAT at JoVE.com

isolation of stromal vascular fraction (svf) from perivascular adipose tissue (pvat)

Culturing Preadipocytes Isolated from Murine Perivascular Adipose Tissue

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), a perivascular structure composed of a mixture of mature adipocytes and a stromal vascular fraction (SVF), is believed to interact with the adjacent vessel wall via its secretome paracrineally1. As a critical regulator of vascular homeostasis, PVAT dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases2,3,4. The SVF of adipocyte tissue consists of several expected cell populations, including endothelial cells, immune cells, mesothelium cells, neuronal cells, and adipose stem and progenitor cells (ASPCs)5,6. It is well known that ASPCs residing in the SVF of adipose tissue can give rise to mature adipocytes5. SVF is inferred to be a critical source of mature adipocytes in PVAT. Several studies have shown that PVAT-SVF can differentiate into mature adipocytes under specific induction conditions6,7,8.
Currently, there are two isolation systems for isolating SVF from adipose tissue, one is enzymatic digestion and the other is non-enzymatic9. Enzymatic methods typically result in a higher yield of nucleated progenitor cells10. To date, the benefits of SVF in promoting vascular regeneration and neovascularization in wound healing, urogenital, and cardiovascular diseases have been widely demonstrated11, especially in dermatology and plastic surgery12,13. However, the clinical application prospects of PVAT-derived SVF have not been well explored, which may be attributed to the lack of a standardized method for the isolation of SVF from PVAT. The objective of this protocol is to establish a standardized approach for the isolation, culture, and adipogenic induction of SVF-derived preadipocytes from mouse PVAT surrounding the thoracic aorta, enabling further investigation of PVAT function. This protocol optimizes tissue processing and cell differentiation techniques for culturing periaortic adipocytes obtained from young mice.

Author Spotlight: The Significance of Isolation, Culture, and Adipogenic Induction of SVF-Derived Preadipocytes from Mouse Perivascular Adipose Tissue 

Isolation, Culture, and Adipogenic Induction of Stromal Vascular Fraction-derived Preadipocytes from Mouse Periaortic Adipose Tissue

We aim to establish a standardized approach for the isolation culture and adipogenic induction of stromal vascular fraction-derived preadipocytes from mass PVAT. This protocol enables us to conduct further investigations into PVAT function and into the communication between periaortic adipocytes and vascular cells in vitro. The main challenges we currently face in our experiments include the restricted of availability of PVAT and the requirements for additional human and the material resources when compared to using immortalized preadipocytes.Our protocol allows for the study of perivascular adipose tissue function and it's relationship with vascular cells. We also offers a basis for studying PVAT ring and genes, and heterogeneity, and provides a platform for exploring the important regulator of PVAT differentiation and the adipogenesis in vitro.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation of Stromal Vascular Fraction SVF from Perivascular Adipose Tissue PVAT at JoVE.com

Isolation of Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) from Perivascular Adipose Tissue (PVAT)  

While working under a class two laminar flow hood, begin by sequentially washing the perivascular adipose tissues or PVATs collected from mice two times. First, using PBS containing 10%penicillin-streptomycin, and, next, using PBS supplemented with 1%penicillin-streptomycin. Transfer the rinsed tissues into a sterile 60-millimeter Petri dish and add 200 microliters of digestion solution to it.Using sterile scissors, mince the tissues into pieces having a dimension of one cubic millimeter. With the help of sterile scissors, cut a plastic pipette tip to broaden its end. Then transfer the minced tissue mix to a 15-milliliter centrifuge tube using the broad-ended pipette tip.Add six milliliters of the digestion solution to the tissues to initiate digestion. After tying the tube horizontally on a rack, incubate it at 37 degrees Celsius in an orbital shaker for 30 to 45 minutes. Every 5 to 10 minutes, remove the tube from the shaker in the incubator and manually shake it up and down vigorously.Pass the digested tissue mix through a 70-micron cell strainer into a 50-milliliter centrifuge tube. Rinse the strainer with an equal volume of culture medium to maximize cell yield and quench digestion. Transfer the filtrate to a new 15-milliliter centrifuge tube.Centrifuge the tube to isolate the stromal vascular fraction or SVF. Invert the tube to discard the supernatant and re-suspend the pellet in five milliliters of PBS. Centrifuge the tube again at 1, 800 G for five minutes before discarding the supernatant.Re-suspend the pellet in an appropriate volume of culture medium. Seed the cells into a collagen-coated 12-well plate and incubate overnight at 37 degrees Celsius in a humid atmosphere with 5%carbon dioxide. On the next day, remove cell debris and red blood cells by aspirating the culture medium and washing the cells with antibiotic-supplemented PBS pre-warmed to 37 degrees Celsius.Finally, add one milliliter of fresh culture medium to each well, and continue culturing the cells until they reach the desired stage of confluency.