optical-trap-loading-of-dielectric-microparticles-in-air

Optical Trap Loading of Dielectric Microparticles In Air

We demonstrate a method to trap a selected dielectric microparticle in air using radiation pressure from a single-beam gradient optical trap. Randomly ...

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Intrinsic loss of absorption in the Ag slab near-field superlens turned out to add a blurring effect to the ideal image reconstruction for the impedance match case. By optimizing the real part of the permittivity (epsilon') of Ag, our FDTD calculation predicts approximately 69% enhancement of visibility and approximately 138% increased depth of field for the intensity contrast of 0.5 with similar focal spot size. For a near-field superlens with the higher absorption loss, the optimized image quality is obtained with a larger impedance mismatch, which can be realized by changing the wavelength of incident light for imaging.

Improved image quality of a Ag slab near-field superlens with intrinsic loss of absorption.

Based on tunable diode laser spectroscopy with direct absorption measurement, we developed a reliable measurement scheme which can precisely detect water vapor concentration independent of the scattering (attenuation) caused by the non-water dust particles inside the observed humidity chamber. The relative water vapor concentration was measured at 2nu(1)+nu(3) water vapor transition band by 938 nm distributed feed-back diode laser at different temperatures using the tunable diode laser spectroscopy technique. These relative water vapor concentrations are converted into the absolute water vapor concentrations and we confirmed that the experimental results at different temperatures are consistently independent of the attenuation. Our measurement system gives the consistent water vapor concentrations without regard to either high or low scattering caused by the non-water dust particles inside the observed humidity chamber.

Reliable optical measurement of water vapor in highly scattering environment.

Mixed hydrofluoric and nitric acids are widely used as a good etchant for the pickling process of stainless steels. The cost reduction and the procedure optimization in the manufacturing process can be facilitated by optically detecting the concentration of the mixed acids. In this work, we developed a novel method which allows us to obtain the concentrations of hydrofluoric acid (HF) and nitric acid (HNO(3)) mixture samples with high accuracy. The experiments were carried out for the mixed acids which consist of the HF (0.5-3wt%) and the HNO(3) (2-12wt%) at room temperature. Fourier Transform Raman spectroscopy has been utilized to measure the concentration of the mixed acids HF and HNO(3), because the mixture sample has several strong Raman bands caused by the vibrational mode of each acid in this spectrum. The calibration of spectral data has been performed using the partial least squares regression method which is ideal for local range data treatment. Several figures of merit (FOM) were calculated using the concept of net analyte signal (NAS) to evaluate performance of our methodology.

Quantitative analysis of mixed hydrofluoric and nitric acids using Raman spectroscopy with partial least squares regression.

We develop a terahertz lens with both subwavelength resolution and tunable far-field focal length by extending the surface plasmon (SP) diffraction theory into spoof SPs of slit-groove-structure terahertz metamaterials. The dispersion properties of terahertz groove structures are engineered in the curved depth profile to produce a directional beaming feature and mimic SPs at the same time. The finite-difference time-domain simulation results confirm that the far-field focal position can be tuned by controlling the curvature of the relative electric field phase distribution profile on the output surface.

Tunable subwavelength focusing with dispersion-engineered metamaterials in the terahertz regime.

Based on conventional colloidal nanosphere lithography, we experimentally demonstrate novel graded-index nanostructures for broadband optical antireflection enhancement including the near-ultraviolet (NUV) region by integrating residual polystyrene antireflective (AR) nanoislands coating arrays with silicon nano-conical-frustum arrays. This is a feasible optimized integration method of two major approaches for antireflective surfaces: quarter-wavelength AR coating and biomimetic moth's eye structure.

Broadband optical antireflection enhancement by integrating antireflective nanoislands with silicon nanoconical-frustum arrays.

&#x5448;&#x73B0;&#x9002;&#x5408;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x548C;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x7684;&#x6597;&#x7BF7;&#x4E0E;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x89C1;&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x80FD;&#x529B;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x957F;&#x671F;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#xFF0C;&#x5149;&#x5B66;&#x5668;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x8868;&#x660E;&#x5230;&#x76EE;&#x524D;&#x4E3A;&#x6B62;&#x7684;&#x9690;&#x5F62;&#x88C5;&#x7F6E;&#x5305;&#x62EC;&#x73AF;&#x7ED5;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x8BE5;&#x8231;&#x7684;&#x521A;&#x6027;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5C55;&#x793A;&#x667A;&#x80FD;&#x5F02;&#x5411;&#x4ECB;&#x8D28;&#x906E;&#x76D6;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#x5F02;&#x5411;&#x4ECB;&#x8D28;&#x7684;&#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x4E0D;&#x4EC5;&#x53D8;&#x6362;&#x7535;&#x78C1;&#x573A;&#x4F7F;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x89C1;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x5C06;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x5176;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x4ECE;&#x5176;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x5F39;&#x6027;&#x53D8;&#x5F62;&#x3002;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x7684;&#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x662F;&#x7EC4;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x5F39;&#x6027;&#x4E0E;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x5BBD;&#x5E26; (10-12 GHz) &#x548C;&#x7535;&#x78C1;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x51E0;&#x4E4E;&#x65E0;&#x635F;&#x5F02;&#x5411;&#x4ECB;&#x8D28;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x9762;&#x5E73;&#x9762;&#x5FAE;&#x6CE2;&#x6597;&#x7BF7;&#x3002;&#x5F02;&#x5411;&#x4ECB;&#x8D28;&#x662F;&#x5747;&#x5300;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x5B8C;&#x5168;&#x5468;&#x671F;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x6784;&#x9020;&#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x6A21;&#x4EFF;&#x81EA;&#x7136;&#x4ECE;&#x8FB9;&#x754C;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x63A9;&#x76D6;&#x8F6C;&#x53D8;&#x7684;&#x5FC5;&#x8981;&#x68AF;&#x5EA6;&#x6298;&#x5C04;&#x7387;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x5F88;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x5236;&#x9020;&#x6DF7;&#x5408;&#x5F39;&#x7535;&#x78C1;&#x5F02;&#x5411;&#x4ECB;&#x8D28;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x5927;&#x95E8;&#x7684;&#x5404;&#x79CD;&#x53D8;&#x6362;&#x5149;&#x5B66;&#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x63A9;&#x76D6;&#x5730;&#x5F62;&#x56FE;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x3002;

&#x5BBD;&#x5E26;&#x7535;&#x78C1;&#x63A9;&#x76D6;&#x4E0E;&#x667A;&#x80FD;&#x8D85;&#x6750;&#x6599;&#x3002;

The ability to render objects invisible with a cloak that fits all objects and sizes is a long-standing goal for optical devices. Invisibility devices demonstrated so far typically comprise a rigid structure wrapped around an object to which it is fitted. Here we demonstrate smart metamaterial cloaking, wherein the metamaterial device not only transforms electromagnetic fields to make an object invisible, but also acquires its properties automatically from its own elastic deformation. The demonstrated device is a ground-plane microwave cloak composed of an elastic metamaterial with a broad operational band (10-12â€‰GHz) and nearly lossless electromagnetic properties. The metamaterial is uniform, or perfectly periodic, in its undeformed state and acquires the necessary gradient-index profile, mimicking a quasi-conformal transformation, naturally from a boundary load. This easy-to-fabricate hybrid elasto-electromagnetic metamaterial opens the door to implementations of a variety of transformation optics devices based on quasi-conformal maps.

Broadband electromagnetic cloaking with smart metamaterials.

La capacit&eacute; de rendre les objets invisibles avec un manteau qui s&#39;adapte &agrave; toutes les tailles et les objets est un objectif de longue date pour dispositifs optiques. Dispositifs d&#39;invisibilit&eacute; a d&eacute;montr&eacute; jusqu&#39;ici g&eacute;n&eacute;ralement comprennent une structure rigide enroul&eacute;e autour d&#39;un objet sur lequel il est mont&eacute;. Nous d&eacute;montrons voilage m&eacute;tamat&eacute;riaux intelligents, dans lequel l&#39;appareil M&Eacute;TAMAT&Eacute;RIAU non seulement transforme les champs &eacute;lectromagn&eacute;tiques pour rendre un objet invisible, mais aussi acquiert ses propri&eacute;t&eacute;s automatiquement &agrave; partir de son propre d&eacute;formation &eacute;lastique. Le dispositif a d&eacute;montr&eacute; est une cape de micro-ondes plan de masse compos&eacute;e d&#39;un &eacute;lastique M&Eacute;TAMAT&Eacute;RIAU avec une large bande op&eacute;rationnelle (10-12 GHz) et des propri&eacute;t&eacute;s &eacute;lectromagn&eacute;tiques presque sans perte. Les m&eacute;tamat&eacute;riaux est uniforme, ou parfaitement p&eacute;riodique, dans son &eacute;tat non d&eacute;form&eacute;e et acquiert le profil de gradient-indice n&eacute;cessaire, imitant une transformation quasi-conformal, naturellement d&#39;une charge de limite. Ce facile-&agrave;-fabriquer hybride elasto-&eacute;lectromagn&eacute;tique M&Eacute;TAMAT&Eacute;RIAU ouvre la porte &agrave; des impl&eacute;mentations d&#39;une vari&eacute;t&eacute; de dispositifs optiques de transformation bas&eacute; sur les cartes quasi-conformal.

Broadband &eacute;lectromagn&eacute;tique voilage avec m&eacute;tamat&eacute;riaux intelligents.

Die F&auml;higkeit, Objekte mit einem Umhang unsichtbar machen, die alle Objekte und Gr&ouml;&szlig;en passt ist ein langj&auml;hriges Ziel f&uuml;r optische Ger&auml;te. Unsichtbarkeit Ger&auml;te zeigte bisher in der Regel umfassen eine starre Struktur, um ein Objekt in die es eingebaut ist gewickelt. Hier zeigen wir intelligente metamaterial cloaking, worin das metamaterial Ger&auml;t nicht nur verwandelt sich elektromagnetische Felder um ein Objekt unsichtbar zu machen, sondern erwirbt auch die Eigenschaften automatisch eine eigene elastische Verformung. Das demonstrierte Ger&auml;t ist eine Grundplatte Mikrowelle-Mantel setzt sich der elastischer metamaterial mit breiten operativen Band (10-12 GHz) und nahezu verlustfrei elektromagnetische Eigenschaften. Die metamaterial ist einheitlich oder perfekt periodisch, im unverformten Zustand und erwirbt das notwendige Gradienten-Index-Profil, Nachahmung einer quasi-conformal Transformations, nat&uuml;rlich von einer Grenze-Belastung. Diese einfach zu fabrizieren Hybrid Elasto-elektromagnetische metamaterial &ouml;ffnet die T&uuml;r zu einer Vielzahl von Transformation-Optik-Ger&auml;te basierend auf quasi-conformal Karten-Implementierungen.

Breitband elektromagnetische mit intelligenten Metamaterialien verbergen.

La capacit&agrave; di rendere gli oggetti invisibili con un manto che si adatta tutti gli oggetti e le dimensioni &egrave; un obiettivo di lunga data per dispositivi ottici. Dispositivi di invisibilit&agrave; ha dimostrati finora in genere comprendono una struttura rigida avvolta attorno a un oggetto a cui &egrave; montato. Qui dimostriamo smart metamateriale cloaking, in cui il dispositivo metamateriale non solo trasforma i campi elettromagnetici per rendere invisibile un oggetto, ma acquisisce anche la propriet&agrave; automaticamente dalla propria deformazione elastica. Il dispositivo ha dimostrato &egrave; un mantello di ground-plane microonde composto di un elastico metamateriale con una larga fascia operativa (10-12 GHz) e quasi lossless propriet&agrave; elettromagnetiche. Il metamateriale &egrave; uniforme, o perfettamente periodica, nel suo stato undeformed e acquisisce il profilo di indice di pendenza necessario, mimando una trasformazione quasi-conformal, naturalmente da un carico limite. Questo facile fabbricare ibrido elasto-elettromagnetico metamateriale apre le porte alle implementazioni di una variet&agrave; di dispositivi di ottica di trasformazione basato su mappe quasi-conformal.

Banda larga elettromagnetica cloaking con smart metamateriali.

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&#x30AF;&#x30ED;&#x30FC;&#x30AD;&#x30F3;&#x30B0; &#x30B9;&#x30DE;&#x30FC;&#x30C8; &#x30E1;&#x30BF;&#x30DE;&#x30C6;&#x30EA;&#x30A2;&#x30EB;&#x3068;&#x96FB;&#x78C1;&#x30D6;&#x30ED;&#x30FC;&#x30C9; &#x30D0;&#x30F3;&#x30C9;&#x3002;

&#xBAA8;&#xB4E0; &#xAC1C;&#xCCB4; &#xBC0F; &#xD06C;&#xAE30;&#xC5D0; &#xB9DE;&#xB294; &#xB9DD; &#xD1A0;&#xC640; &#xD568;&#xAED8; &#xB208;&#xC5D0; &#xBCF4;&#xC774;&#xC9C0; &#xC54A;&#xB294; &#xAC1C;&#xCCB4;&#xB97C; &#xB80C;&#xB354;&#xB9C1; &#xD558;&#xB294; &#xAE30;&#xB2A5;&#xC740; &#xAD11;&#xD559; &#xC7A5;&#xCE58;&#xC5D0; &#xB300; &#xD55C; &#xC624;&#xB79C; &#xBAA9;&#xD45C;&#xC785;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;. &#xACBD;&#xC9C1; &#xB41C; &#xAD6C;&#xC870;&#xB97C; &#xC7A5;&#xCC29; &#xD558;&#xB294; &#xAC1C;&#xCCB4; &#xC8FC;&#xC704;&#xC5D0; &#xD3EC;&#xC7A5;&#xC744; &#xAD6C;&#xC131; &#xD558;&#xB294; &#xD22C;&#xBA85; &#xC7A5;&#xCE58;&#xB97C; &#xC77C;&#xBC18;&#xC801;&#xC73C;&#xB85C; &#xC9C0;&#xAE08;&#xAE4C;&#xC9C0; &#xC99D;&#xBA85;. &#xC5EC;&#xAE30; &#xC6B0;&#xB9AC; &#xC2A4;&#xB9C8;&#xD2B8; metamaterial &#xD074; &#xB85C;&#xD0B9; &#xBCF4;&#xC5EC;, &#xC5B4;&#xB5A4; &#xC810;&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; metamaterial &#xC7A5;&#xCE58; &#xBFD0;&#xB9CC; &#xC544;&#xB2C8;&#xB77C; &#xBCF4;&#xC774;&#xC9C0; &#xC54A;&#xB294; &#xAC1C;&#xCCB4;&#xB97C; &#xB9CC;&#xB4E4;&#xAE30; &#xC704;&#xD574; &#xC804;&#xC790;&#xAE30; &#xD544;&#xB4DC; &#xBCC0;&#xD658; &#xD558;&#xC9C0;&#xB9CC; &#xB610;&#xD55C; &#xD0C4;&#xC131; &#xBCC0;&#xD615; &#xC790;&#xCCB4;&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; &#xC790;&#xB3D9;&#xC73C;&#xB85C; &#xD574;&#xB2F9; &#xC18D;&#xC131;&#xC744; &#xAC00;&#xC838;&#xC635;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;. &#xAC80;&#xC99D; &#xB41C; &#xC7A5;&#xCE58;&#xB294; &#xAD11;&#xBC94;&#xC704; &#xD55C; &#xC791;&#xB3D9; &#xBC34;&#xB4DC; (10-12 g h z)&#xC640; &#xAC70;&#xC758; &#xBB34;&#xC190;&#xC2E4; &#xC804;&#xC790;&#xAE30; &#xC18D;&#xC131; metamaterial&#xB294; &#xD0C4;&#xC131;&#xC758; &#xC9C0; &#xBA74; &#xB9C8;&#xC774;&#xD06C;&#xB85C;&#xC6E8;&#xC774;&#xBE0C; &#xB9DD; &#xD1A0; &#xAD6C;&#xC131;&#xB41C;. Metamaterial undeformed &#xC0C1;&#xD0DC;&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; &#xADE0;&#xC77C; &#xD55C;, &#xB610;&#xB294; &#xC644;&#xBCBD; &#xD558; &#xAC8C; &#xC815;&#xAE30;&#xB294; &#xD558;&#xBA70; &#xACBD;&#xACC4; &#xBD80;&#xD558;&#xC5D0;&#xC11C; &#xC790;&#xC5F0;&#xC2A4;&#xB7FD; &#xAC8C; quasi-conformal &#xBCC0;&#xD658; &#xD749;&#xB0B4; &#xB0B8; &#xD544;&#xC694;&#xD55C; &#xADF8;&#xB77C;&#xB370;&#xC774;&#xC158; &#xC778;&#xB371;&#xC2A4; &#xD504;&#xB85C;&#xD544;&#xC744; &#xAC00;&#xC838;&#xC635;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;. &#xC774; &#xC26C;&#xC6B4; &#xC870;&#xC791; &#xD558;&#xC774;&#xBE0C;&#xB9AC;&#xB4DC; elasto-&#xC804;&#xC790;&#xAE30; metamaterial &#xAD6C;&#xD604;&#xC758; quasi-conformal &#xC9C0;&#xB3C4;&#xC5D0; &#xB530;&#xB77C; &#xBCC0;&#xD658; &#xAD11;&#xD559; &#xC7A5;&#xCE58;&#xC758; &#xB2E4;&#xC591; &#xD55C; &#xBB38;&#xC744; &#xC5FD;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.

&#xAD11;&#xB300;&#xC5ED; &#xC804;&#xC790;&#xAE30; &#xC2A4;&#xB9C8;&#xD2B8; &#xC778;&#xACF5;&#xC73C;&#xB85C; &#xD074; &#xB85C;&#xD0B9;&#xC785;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.

La capacidad para representar objetos invisibles con un manto que se adapta a todos los objetos y tama&ntilde;os es una meta de larga data para dispositivos &oacute;pticos. Dispositivos de invisibilidad demostrados hasta ahora por lo general conforman una estructura r&iacute;gida envuelta alrededor de un objeto al que est&aacute; montado. Aqu&iacute; demostramos ocultaci&oacute;n metamaterial inteligente, en donde el dispositivo metamaterial no s&oacute;lo transforma campos electromagn&eacute;ticos para hacer un objeto invisible, pero tambi&eacute;n adquiere sus propiedades autom&aacute;ticamente desde su propia deformaci&oacute;n el&aacute;stica. El dispositivo demostrado es una capa de microondas de plano de tierra compuesta de un el&aacute;stico metamaterial con propiedades electromagn&eacute;ticas casi sin p&eacute;rdidas y una amplia banda operativa (10-12 GHz). Los metamateriales es uniforme, o perfectamente peri&oacute;dica, en su estado exhum&oacute; y adquiere el perfil de gradiente-&iacute;ndice necesario, imitando una transformaci&oacute;n quasi-conformal, naturalmente, de una carga l&iacute;mite. Este h&iacute;brido de f&aacute;cil-a-fabricar elasto-electromagn&eacute;tica metamaterial abre la puerta a las implementaciones de una variedad de dispositivos de la &oacute;ptica de transformaci&oacute;n basado en mapas de quasi-conformal.

Banda ancha electromagn&eacute;tica de camuflaje con metamateriales inteligente.

An embedded nanosphere dielectric structure on an a-Si ultrathin film improves weighted absorption from 23.8% to 39.9%. The PMMA embedding layer offers a guided wave mode as well as mechanical robustness, in addition to the resonant whispering gallery modes coupling. Broadband light-trapping enhancements are observed by dielectric surface textured structures of hemispheres, nanocones, nanospheres, or embedded nanospheres.

Broadband light-trapping enhancement in an ultrathin film a-Si absorber using whispering gallery modes and guided wave modes with dielectric surface-textured structures.

We measure charging of single dielectric microparticles after interaction with a glass substrate using optical tweezers to control the particle, measure its charge with a sensitivity of a few electrons, and precisely contact the particle with the substrate. Polystyrene (PS) microparticles adhered to the substrate can be selected based on size, shape, or optical properties and repeatedly loaded into the optical trap using a piezoelectric (PZT) transducer. Separation from the substrate leads to charge transfer through contact electrification. The charge on the trapped microparticles is measured from the response of the particle motion to a step excitation of a uniform electric field. The particle is then placed onto a target location of the substrate in a controlled manner. Thus, the triboelectric charging profile of the selected PS microparticle can be measured and controlled through repeated cycles of trap loading followed by charge measurement. Reversible optical trap loading and manipulation of the selected particle leads to new capabilities to study and control successive and small changes in surface interactions.

Haesung Park

Physical Measurement Laboratory

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Optical Trap Loading of Dielectric Microparticles In Air

Haesung Park

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}Physical Measurement Laboratory

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Optical Trap Loading of Dielectric Microparticles In Air

Physical Measurement Laboratory