application-3d-printing-construction-burr-hole-ring-for-deep-brain

Application of 3D Printing in the Construction of Burr Hole Ring for Deep Brain Stimulation Implants

3D printing has been widely applied in the medical field since the 1980s, especially in surgery, such as preoperative simulation, anatomical learning and ...

generation-hypoparathyroid-rats-via-carbon-nanoparticle-assisted

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats <em>via</em> Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy

Hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is a rare disease involving the parathyroid glands that is characterized by a reduced secretion or potency of the parathyroid ...

University of College London

Sichuan University

The poor dispersibility, strong interlayer interaction, and inferior crack resistance ability restrict the employment of graphene as a lubricant additive. Herein, we prepared fluorinated graphene with different F/C ratios by direct fluorination of multilayer graphene utilizing F. Among them, highly fluorinated graphene (HFG) with an F/C ratio of about 1.0 presented prominent thermal stability and excellent tribological performance as an oil-based lubricant additive, whose friction coefficient and wear rate had a 51.4 and 90.9% decrease compared to that of pristine graphene, respectively. It was confirmed that C-F bonds perpendicular to the graphene plane contributed to increasing the interlayer distance and tribological performance of fluorinated graphene, while the randomly oriented CF and CF groups did not count as influential, as demonstrated via X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and polarized attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Meanwhile, Raman measurements traced the formation process of integrated and stable HFG tribofilm during friction process, and the corresponding stability was attributed to the physical and chemical interactions between HFG and friction pairs. More interestingly, the outstanding crack resistance ability of HFG preserved the sheet structure from destruction due to decreased in-plane stiffness and out-plane stress, thus constructing the tough tribofilm. The simple and feasible preparation makes HFG a promising candidate as advanced lubricant in industrial fabrication.

Toward Excellent Tribological Performance as Oil-Based Lubricant Additive: Particular Tribological Behavior of Fluorinated Graphene.

Catheters are indispensable medical devices that are extensively used in daily medical treatment. However, existing catheter materials continue to encounter many problems, such as thrombosis, single functionality, and inadaptability to environmental changes. Inspired by blood vessels, we develop a self-adaptive liquid gating membrane-based catheter with anticoagulation and positionally drug release properties. Our multifunctional liquid gating membrane-based catheter significantly attenuates blood clot formation and can be used as a general catheter design strategy to offer various drugs positionally releasing applications to comprehensively enhance the safety, functionality, and performance of medical catheters' materials.

Bioinspired liquid gating membrane-based catheter with anticoagulation and positionally drug release properties.

Fluorinated graphene (FG), as an emerging member of the graphene derivatives family, has attracted wide attention on account of its excellent performances and underlying applications. The introduction of a fluorine atom, with the strongest electronegativity (3.98), greatly changes the electron distribution of graphene, resulting in a series of unique variations in optical, electronic, magnetic, interfacial properties and so on. Herein, recent advances in the study of FG from synthesis to applications are introduced, and the relationship between its structure and properties is summarized in detail. Especially, the functional chemistry of FG has been thoroughly analyzed in recent years, which has opened a universal route for the functionalization and even multifunctionalization of FG toward various graphene derivatives, which further broadens its applications. Moreover, from a particular angle, the structure engineering of FG such as the distribution pattern of fluorine atoms and the regulation of interlayer structure when advanced nanotechnology gets involved is summarized. Notably, the elaborated structure engineering of FG is the key factor to optimize the corresponding properties for potential applications, and is also an up-to-date research hotspot and future development direction. Finally, perspectives and prospects for the problems and challenges in the study of FG are put forward.

Recent Advances in Fluorinated Graphene from Synthesis to Applications: Critical Review on Functional Chemistry and Structure Engineering.

The lamellar structure of (Bi,Sb)(Te,Se) alloys makes it difficult to achieve isotropic thermoelectric properties in the directions along and perpendicular to the -axis, especially for n-type samples. In this work, by introducing Cu in polycrystalline n-type CuBiTeSe and applying the traditional synthesis process of high-energy ball milling and hot pressing, substantial enhancement of the thermoelectric figure of merit  is obtained in both in-plane and out-of-plane directions. The intercalated Cu not only provides electron transport media for mobility improvement but also reduces the lattice thermal conductivity owing to the strain fluctuation. Typically, the van der Waals gap in the out-of-plane direction leads to relatively slower mobility and lower lattice thermal conductivity. Taking into account the same average density-of-state effective mass ( ∼ 1.5) predicted based on a single parabolic model, the obtained quality factor β is comparable in both directions. As a result, a peak  ∼ 1.05 at 420 K and the average  approaching to 1.0 in the temperature range 300-500 K are obtained in both directions for the CuBiTeSe sample. The simple synthesis process and isotropic thermoelectric properties in this work make n-type BiTe more convenient for potential production and application.

Isotropic Thermoelectric Performance of Layer-Structured n-Type BiTeSe by Cu Doping.

Pulpal and periapical diseases are the most common dental diseases. The traditional treatment is root canal therapy, which achieves satisfactory therapeutic outcomes-especially for mature permanent teeth. Apexification, pulpotomy, and pulp revascularization are common techniques used for immature permanent teeth to accelerate the development of the root. However, there are obstacles to achieving functional pulp regeneration. Recently, two methods have been proposed based on tissue engineering: stem cell transplantation, and cell homing. One of the goals of functional pulp regeneration is to achieve innervation. Nerves play a vital role in dentin formation, nutrition, sensation, and defense in the pulp. Successful neural regeneration faces tough challenges in both animal studies and clinical trials. Investigation of the regeneration and repair of the nerves in the pulp has become a serious undertaking. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the key stem cells, signaling molecules, and biomaterials that could promote neural regeneration as part of pulp regeneration. We also discuss the challenges in preclinical or clinical neural regeneration applications to guide deep research in the future.

Neural Regeneration in Regenerative Endodontic Treatment: An Overview and Current Trends.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are closely associated with the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and can be regarded as one of its early biomarkers. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is emerging as a powerful tool for the detection of cardiac abnormalities, but the sensitive and direct ROS-response MRI probe remains to be developed. This restricts the early diagnosis of DCM and prevents timely clinical interventions, resulting in serious and irreversible pathophysiological abnormalities. Herein, a novel ROS-response contrast-enhanced MRI nanoprobe (RCMN) is developed by multi-functionalizing fluorinated carbon nanosheets (FCNs) with multi-hydroxyl and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl groups. RCMNs capture ROS and then gather in the heart provisionally, which triggers MRI signal changes to realize the in vivo detection of ROS. In contrast to the clinical MRI agents, the cardiac abnormalities of disease mice is detected 8 weeks in advance with the assistance of RCMNs, which greatly advances the diagnostic window of DCM. To the best of the knowledge, this is the first ROS-response metal-free T -weighted MRI probe for the early diagnosis of DCM mice model. Furthermore, RCMNs can timely scavenge excessively produced ROS to alleviate oxidative stress.

A Multifunctional Integrated Metal-Free MRI Agent for Early Diagnosis of Oxidative Stress in a Mouse Model of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy.

Medical artificial intelligence (AI) has been used widely applied in clinical field due to its convenience and innovation. However, several policy and regulatory issues such as credibility, sharing of responsibility and ethics have raised concerns in the use of AI. It is therefore necessary to understand the general public's views on medical AI. Here, a meta-synthesis was conducted to analyse and summarise the public's understanding of the application of AI in the healthcare field, to provide recommendations for future use and management of AI in medical practice.

Xinyu Chen

Faculty of Brain Sciences

University of College London

Application of 3D Printing in the Construction of Burr Hole Ring for Deep Brain Stimulation Implants

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy

Xinyu Chen

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}Faculty of Brain Sciences

University of College London

Application of 3D Printing in the Construction of Burr Hole Ring for Deep Brain Stimulation Implants

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy

Faculty of Brain Sciences