John P. A. Ioannidis

Reproducibility in science: improving the standard for basic and preclinical research.

Type 2 diabetes and cancer: umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies.

Improving validation practices in "omics" research.

Randomized trial of personal genomics for preventive cardiology: design and challenges.

Concordance of sleep and pain outcomes of diverse interventions: an umbrella review.

Extrapolating from animals to humans.

Neglected tropical diseases: survey and geometry of randomised evidence.

Knowledge integration in cancer: current landscape and future prospects.

A nutrient-wide association study on blood pressure.

Opportunities and challenges for selected emerging technologies in cancer epidemiology: mitochondrial, epigenomic, metabolomic, and telomerase profiling.

Narrow band imaging to differentiate neoplastic and non-neoplastic colorectal polyps in real time: a meta-analysis of diagnostic operating characteristics.

Replication and predictive value of SNPs associated with melanoma and pigmentation traits in a Southern European case-control study.

Transforming epidemiology for 21st century medicine and public health.

This I believe in genetics: discovery can be a nuisance, replication is science, implementation matters.

Trends in citations to books on epidemiological and statistical methods in the biomedical literature.

The power of meta-analysis in genome-wide association studies.

The geometric increase in meta-analyses from China in the genomic era.

How many contemporary medical practices are worse than doing nothing or doing less?

Overlapping meta-analyses on the same topic: survey of published studies.

Evaluation of excess significance bias in animal studies of neurological diseases.

Appropriate vs clinically useful diagnostic tests.

Potential reporting bias in fMRI studies of the brain.

Autonomic denervation added to pulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a randomized clinical trial.

Collaborative cancer epidemiology in the 21st century: the model of cancer consortia.

Geometry of the randomized evidence for treatments of pulmonary hypertension.

Endgame: engaging the tobacco industry in its own elimination.

Concordance of effects of medical interventions on hospital admission and readmission rates with effects on mortality.

Prevention and management of noncommunicable disease: the IOC Consensus Statement, Lausanne 2013.

More than a billion people taking statins?: Potential implications of the new cardiovascular guidelines.

Scientific reporting is suboptimal for aspects that characterize genetic risk prediction studies: a review of published articles based on the Genetic RIsk Prediction Studies statement.

Improving the drug development process: more not less randomized trials.

Mapping the expanded often inappropriate use of the Framingham Risk Score in the medical literature.

Publication and other reporting biases in cognitive sciences: detection, prevalence, and prevention.

Effects of interventions on survival in acute respiratory distress syndrome: an umbrella review of 159 published randomized trials and 29 meta-analyses.

Diagnostic tests often fail to lead to changes in patient outcomes.

Vitamin D and multiple health outcomes: umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies and randomised trials.

Errors (my very own) and the fearful uncertainty of numbers.

Studying the elusive environment in large scale.

Metformin does not affect cancer risk: a cohort study in the U.K. Clinical Practice Research Datalink analyzed like an intention-to-treat trial.

Assessing value in biomedical research: the PQRST of appraisal and reward.

Placing epidemiological results in the context of multiplicity and typical correlations of exposures.

How to read a systematic review and meta-analysis and apply the results to patient care: users' guides to the medical literature.

Modeling and research on research.

Meta-analysis identifies loci affecting levels of the potential osteoarthritis biomarkers sCOMP and uCTX-II with genome wide significance.

Simple, standardized incorporation of genetic risk into non-genetic risk prediction tools for complex traits: coronary heart disease as an example.

How to make more published research true.

An overview of recommendations and translational milestones for genomic tests in cancer.

The diagnostic accuracy of the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for detecting major depression: protocol for a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analyses.

A Web-based database of genetic association studies in cutaneous melanoma enhanced with network-driven data exploration tools.

Application of credibility ceilings probes the robustness of meta-analyses of biomarkers and cancer risk.

External validation of new risk prediction models is infrequent and reveals worse prognostic discrimination.

A generalized view of self-citation: direct, co-author, collaborative, and coercive induced self-citation.

Handling the fragile vase of scientific practices.

Does screening for disease save lives in asymptomatic adults? Systematic review of meta-analyses and randomized trials.

Environmental risk factors and multiple sclerosis: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Authors' reply to editorial linked to their umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies on type 2 diabetes and cancer.

Response to letter by Forike et al.: more rigorous, not less, external validation is needed.

Call to improve transparency of trials of non-regulated interventions.

Small studies are more heterogeneous than large ones: a meta-meta-analysis.

Reply to letter by Ferrante di Ruffano et al.: Patient outcomes in randomized comparisons of diagnostic tests are still the ultimate judge.

Why Science Is Not Necessarily Self-Correcting.

Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease on the basis of clinical and genetic classification: a population-based modelling study.

Assessment of vibration of effects due to model specification can demonstrate the instability of observational associations.

Registration practices for observational studies on ClinicalTrials.gov indicated low adherence.

Meta-analyses with industry involvement are massively published and report no caveats for antidepressants.

Field-wide meta-analyses of observational associations can map selective availability of risk factors and the impact of model specifications.

Diagnostic accuracy of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) for detecting major depression in pregnant and postnatal women: protocol for a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analyses.

Noninferiority is almost certain with lenient noninferiority margins.

Generic versus brand-name drugs used in cardiovascular diseases.

Exposure-wide epidemiology: revisiting Bradford Hill.

Reproducible Research Practices and Transparency across the Biomedical Literature.

Environmental risk factors and Parkinson's disease: An umbrella review of meta-analyses.

Response to Therapy in Antiretroviral Therapy-Naive Patients With Isolated Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Associated Transmitted Drug Resistance.

Agreement of treatment effects for mortality from routinely collected data and subsequent randomized trials: meta-epidemiological survey.

Routinely collected data and comparative effectiveness evidence: promises and limitations.

Commentary: Salt and the assault of opinion on evidence.

Evidence-based medicine has been hijacked: a report to David Sackett.

Prediction of Melanoma Risk in a Southern European Population Based on a Weighted Genetic Risk Score.

Biases in obesity research: Identify, correct, endorse, or abandon effort?

High quality of the evidence for medical and other health-related interventions was uncommon in Cochrane systematic reviews.

Comparative rates of harms in randomized trials from more developed versus less developed countries may be different.

Diagnostic accuracy of the Depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D) for detecting major depression: protocol for a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analyses.

Long noncoding RNAs as novel predictors of survival in human cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Multiple Citation Indicators and Their Composite across Scientific Disciplines.

Randomized trials are frequently fragmented in multiple secondary publications.

Registered Randomized Trials Comparing Generic and Brand-Name Drugs: A Survey.

Plea for routinely presenting prediction intervals in meta-analysis.

Citation Metrics: A Primer on How (Not) to Normalize.

Systematic evaluation of the associations between environmental risk factors and dementia: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

The Mass Production of Redundant, Misleading, and Conflicted Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses.

Insomnia From Drug Treatments: Evidence From Meta-analyses of Randomized Trials and Concordance With Prescribing Information.

Authors' reply to Pérol and colleagues.

Biomedical Journals and Preprint Services: Friends or Foes?

DIETFITS study (diet intervention examining the factors interacting with treatment success) - Study design and methods.

Drivers of poor medical care.

Does evidence-based hearsay determine the use of medical treatments?

Evaluation of Evidence of Statistical Support and Corroboration of Subgroup Claims in Randomized Clinical Trials.

Waste, Leaks, and Failures in the Biomarker Pipeline.

The Reproducibility Wars: Successful, Unsuccessful, Uninterpretable, Exact, Conceptual, Triangulated, Contested Replication.

Meta-assessment of bias in science.

Ethics and Epistemology in Big Data Research.

Genome-wide association screens for Achilles tendon and ACL tears and tendinopathy.

A meta-analysis of individual participant data constructed to align with prior expert views: comments on Bhupathiraju et al.

A meta-analysis but not a systematic review: an evaluation of the Global BMI Mortality Collaboration.

Hijacked evidence-based medicine: stay the course and throw the pirates overboard.

Nature, Nurture, and Cancer Risks: Genetic and Nutritional Contributions to Cancer.

Impact of a Genetic Risk Score for Coronary Artery Disease on Reducing Cardiovascular Risk: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study.

How to survive the medical misinformation mess.

Interpretation of epidemiologic studies very often lacked adequate consideration of confounding.

Two genetic loci associated with ankle injury.

Off-label treatments were not consistently better or worse than approved drug treatments in randomized trials.

Physical activity and cancer: an umbrella review of the literature including 22 major anatomical sites and 770 000 cancer cases.

Poor performance of clinical prediction models: the harm of commonly applied methods.

Genome-wide association study identifies a locus associated with rotator cuff injury.

Dynamics of co-authorship and productivity across different fields of scientific research.

Routinely collected data for randomized trials: promises, barriers, and implications.

What causes psychosis? An umbrella review of risk and protective factors.

Improving the integrity of published science: An expanded taxonomy of retractions and corrections.

Larger effect sizes in nonrandomized studies are associated with higher rates of EMA licensing approval.

Data sharing and reanalysis of randomized controlled trials in leading biomedical journals with a full data sharing policy: survey of studies published in and .

Effect of Low-Fat vs Low-Carbohydrate Diet on 12-Month Weight Loss in Overweight Adults and the Association With Genotype Pattern or Insulin Secretion: The DIETFITS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Meta-research: Why research on research matters.

Two Genetic Variants Associated with Plantar Fascial Disorders.

The Obesity Paradox: A Misleading Term That Should Be Abandoned.

Meta-analyses in environmental and occupational health.

Real-world evidence: How pragmatic are randomized controlled trials labeled as pragmatic?

Antidepressants might work for people with major depression: where do we go from here?

Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation: Meta-Analysis of Quality of Life, Morbidity, and Mortality.

Randomized controlled trials: Often flawed, mostly useless, clearly indispensable: A commentary on Deaton and Cartwright.

Lack of evidence to favor specific preventive interventions in psychosis: a network meta-analysis.

Prevalence and outcomes of incidental imaging findings: umbrella review.

Environmental risk factors and nonpharmacological and nonsurgical interventions for obesity: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of cohort studies and randomized controlled trials.

Industry-funded versus non-profit-funded critical care research: a meta-epidemiological overview.

The Comparative Effectiveness of Innovative Treatments for Cancer (CEIT-Cancer) project: Rationale and design of the database and the collection of evidence available at approval of novel drugs.

Massive citations to misleading methods and research tools: Matthew effect, quotation error and citation copying.

Extremely large outlier treatment effects may be a footprint of bias in trials from less developed countries: randomized trials of gabapentinoids.

Correction to: Industry-funded versus non-profit-funded critical care research: a meta-epidemiological overview.

Marginal structural models and other analyses allow multiple estimates of treatment effects in randomized clinical trials: Meta-epidemiological analysis.

Diagnostic accuracy of the Geriatric Depression Scale-30, Geriatric Depression Scale-15, Geriatric Depression Scale-5 and Geriatric Depression Scale-4 for detecting major depression: protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Cochrane crisis: Secrecy, intolerance and evidence-based values.

Gene-environment interactions and colorectal cancer risk: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies.

A Comprehensive Analysis of Protocols for Deriving Dopaminergic Neurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Time to abandon early detection cancer screening.

New clinical trial designs in the era of precision medicine: An overview of definitions, strengths, weaknesses, and current use in oncology.

Flawed methods and inappropriate conclusions for health policy on overweight and obesity: the Global BMI Mortality Collaboration meta-analysis.

Toward unrestricted use of public genomic data.

Unreformed nutritional epidemiology: a lamp post in the dark forest.

Are all mental disorders related to all other medical diseases and vice versa?

Exploration, Inference, and Prediction in Neuroscience and Biomedicine.

Author Reply to: The name of the game: Is preventive screening "cancer screening?"

How to design preclinical studies in nanomedicine and cell therapy to maximize the prospects of clinical translation.

Reproducible pharmacokinetics.

Single pivotal trials with few corroborating characteristics were used for FDA approval of cancer therapies.

Interventions to improve cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a review of meta-analyses and future agenda.

A user's guide to inflated and manipulated impact factors.

An empirical assessment of research practices across 163 clinical trials of tumor-bearing companion dogs.

Toward a paradigm shift in treatment and research of mental disorders.

US Food and Drug Administration Approvals of Drugs and Devices Based on Nonrandomized Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Evidence Relating Health Care Provider Burnout and Quality of Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Age-treatment subgroup analyses in Cochrane intervention reviews: a meta-epidemiological study.

Most recommended medical interventions reach P<0.005 for their primary outcomes in meta-analyses.