detecting-migration-and-infiltration-of-neutrophils-in-mice

Detecting Migration and Infiltration of Neutrophils in Mice

Neutrophils are a major member of the innate immune system and play pivotal roles in host defense against pathogens and pathologic inflammatory reactions. ...

Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

Paying attention to the preciseness of conclusion.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by cellular infiltration into the joints and cartilage destruction. Neutrophils play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of RA. Triptolide (TP) is a bioactive compound derived from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, which has been used in folk medicine as a treatment for a variety of inflammatory disorders, including RA, for many centuries. Previous studies have shown that TP possesses anti-arthritic activity. However, the anti-arthritic mechanism of TP remains to be fully defined. In the present study, we used the adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) murine model of RA to investigate the impact of TP on RA and neutrophil function. TP alleviated AA by reducing neutrophil recruitment and suppressing the expression of interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α in vivo. TP also suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in neutrophils, promoted neutrophil apoptosis and inhibited the migration, NETosis and autophagy of neutrophils in vitro. Based on our findings, TP effectively ameliorates RA by down-regulating neutrophil inflammatory functions, indicating that TP represents a potential therapeutic agent for RA.

Triptolide inhibits the inflammatory activities of neutrophils to ameliorate chronic arthritis.

Baricitinib for systemic lupus erythematosus.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, synovitis-based inflammatory disease with unknown etiology. Neutrophils play important roles in the pathogenesis of RA. Apoptosis and NETosis of neutrophils are two major mechanisms of programmed cell death that differ in their morphological characteristics and effects on the immune system. In rheumatoid arthritis, delayed neutrophil apoptosis amplifies the inflammatory response; and massive release of NETs and their components may cause tissue damage and provide self-antigens. Emodin is a natural anthraquinone derivative that occurs in many widely used Chinese medicinal herbs. In this study, we evaluated the effect of emodin on a murine adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) model of RA in vivo and on neutrophil apoptosis and NETosis in vitro. Our results show that emodin alleviated AA by reducing neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin-6, interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-α) release. Emodin promoted apoptosis and inhibited autophagy and NETosis in neutrophils. These findings indicate that emodin represents a potential therapeutic agent for RA.

Emodin ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis by promoting neutrophil apoptosis and inhibiting neutrophil extracellular trap formation.

To observe the effect of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion on renal function and expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) in chronic renal failure (CRF) rabbits, so as to reveal its mechanisms underlying improvement of CRF.

[Effect of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion on renal function and expression of renal connective tissue growth factor, integrin-linked kinase and bone morphogenetic protein-7 in chronic renal failure rabbits].

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by symmetric polyarthritis with swelling and pain at synovial joints. In RA patients, delayed neutrophil apoptosis amplifies the inflammatory response and massively released neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) induce tissue damage and provide self-antigens. Andrographolide (AD) is the major active labdane diterpenoid derived from , which has multiple pharmacological effects, including hepatoprotection, anti-angiogenesis, anti-thrombosis, and anti-inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of AD on an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) murine model of RA and found that AD alleviated murine arthritis by reducing neutrophil infiltration and NETosis in the ankle joints and relieved the systematic inflammation. In vitro experiments showed that AD accelerated the apoptosis of lipopolysaccharide-activated neutrophils and inhibited autophagy-dependent extracellular traps formation of neutrophils. These findings suggest that AD has considerable potential for RA therapy.

Andrographolide Ameliorates Rheumatoid Arthritis by Regulating the Apoptosis-NETosis Balance of Neutrophils.

Bioactive compounds from medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects have been emerging as important sources of drugs for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Triptolide, a diterpene triepoxide, is a pharmacologically active compound isolated from  Hook F (TwHF) that is used as a remedy for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. As the most promising bioactive compound obtained from TwHF, triptolide has attracted considerable interest recently, especially for its potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities. Over the past few years, an increasing number of studies have been published emphasizing the value of triptolide in the treatment of diverse inflammatory disorders. Here, we systematically review the mechanism of action and the therapeutic properties of triptolide in various inflammatory diseases according to different systematic organs, including lupus nephritis, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis with pubmed and Embase. Based on this review, potential research strategies might contribute to the clinical application of triptolide in the future.

Kai Yuan

School of Life Sciences

Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

Detecting Migration and Infiltration of Neutrophils in Mice