an-improved-technique-for-trimethylamine-detection-animal-derived

An Improved Technique for Trimethylamine Detection in Animal-Derived Medicine by Headspace Gas Chromatography-Tandem Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry

Animal-derived medicines have distinctive characteristics and significant curative effects, but most of them have an obvious fishy odor, resulting in the ...

control-aedes-albopictus-mosquito-larvae-with-carpesium-abrotanoides

Control of <em>Aedes albopictus</em> Mosquito Larvae with <em>Carpesium abrotanoides</em> L.

As a vital vector of dengue fever, yellow fever, and other mosquito-borne diseases, Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) can be broadly distributed ...

Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities

Key Laboratory of Human Parasitic Diseases in Qiannan Prefecture

Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a type of pleiotropic immunoregulatory cytokine with a specific structure, participates in the regulation of host cell growth and migration and immune responses. Following parasitic infections, hosts may produce MIF and then participate in the parasite-host interactions. In addition, parasites may secrete parasite-derived MIF, and they jointly participate in parasite-host interactions. This paper reviews the regulation of MIF gene expression following parasitic infections, the role of MIF in parasite-host immune system interactions, and important signaling pathways of MIF-mediated immune responses.

[Advances in researches on mechanism of macrophage migration inhibitory factor regulating parasite-host immune interaction].

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), an immunoregulatory cytokine plays an important role in inflammation and the immune response, and has been described as having a potential role in immune evasion by parasites. Thelazia callipaeda, a vector-borne zoonotic eye worm with a broad host range, has been documented as an agent of ocular infection of thelaziosis. The ability of T. callipaeda to persist in an immunologically competent host has led to the suggestion that it has evolved specific measures to counter immune defenses. To date, whether the immune evasion of T. callipaeda is related to MIF and the possible related signaling pathway and molecular mechanism have remained unclear. In the present study, we examined the effect of T. callipaeda MIF (T. cp-MIF) on macrophages. We analyzed the antigenic epitopes of the candidate T. cp-MIF and found that it exhibited an ideal antigenic index. Morphology, Flow cytometry, and cytokine analysis showed that T. cp-MIF induced the dynamic polarization of THP-1 macrophages from the M1-like phenotype to the M2-like phenotype. The chemotaxis assay revealed an inhibitory effect of T. cp-MIF on THP-1 macrophages. Western blotting suggested that, compared to the control, THP-1 macrophages exposed to T. cp-MIF had higher TLR4 protein expression and the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K) -Akt pathway activation. In conclusion, T. cp-MIF induces M2-like macrophage polarization through TLR4-mediated activation of the PI3K-Akt pathway, which might provide a basis for future research on how it affects the immune system of the host.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor of Thelazia callipaeda induces M2-like macrophage polarization through TLR4-mediated activation of the PI3K-Akt pathway.

The diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is complicated because of the complexity of symptoms and joint structures. Current clinical imaging techniques for the diagnosis of RA have strengths and weaknesses. Emerging imaging techniques need to be developed for the diagnosis or auxiliary diagnosis of RA.

First assessment of thermoacoustic tomography for in vivo detection of rheumatoid arthritis in the finger joints detection of rheumatoid arthritis in the finger joints.

Lin Huang

Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities

An Improved Technique for Trimethylamine Detection in Animal-Derived Medicine by Headspace Gas Chromatography-Tandem Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry

Control of Aedes albopictus Mosquito Larvae with Carpesium abrotanoides L.