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University of Turin

9 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Neuroscience

Non-invasive Parenchymal, Vascular and Metabolic High-frequency Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Rat Deep Brain Imaging
Pierangela Giustetto 1,2, Miriam Filippi 2, Mauro Castano 3, Enzo Terreno 1,2
1Center for Preclinical Imaging, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 2Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 3Bracco Research Center, Bracco Imaging SpA

The present work describes a new protocol to perform non-invasive high-frequency ultrasound and photoacoustic based imaging on rat brain, to efficiently visualize deep subcortical regions and their vascular patterns by directing signals on skull foramina naturally present on animal cranium.

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Developmental Biology

Geomagnetic Field (Gmf) and Plant Evolution: Investigating the Effects of Gmf Reversal on Arabidopsis thaliana Development and Gene Expression
Cinzia M. Bertea 1, Ravishankar Narayana 1, Chiara Agliassa 1, Christopher T. Rodgers 2, Massimo E. Maffei 1
1Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 2Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital

This protocol describes a method to test the hypothesis that the reversal of the effective geomagnetic field (GMF) induces differential gene expression and alters the morphology of Arabidopsis thaliana. A triaxial octagonal system of Helmholtz coil-pairs was used to artificially generate reversed GMF conditions in the plant growth chamber.

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Chemistry

HPLC-based Assay to Monitor Extracellular Nucleotide/Nucleoside Metabolism in Human Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells
Sara Serra 1, Silvia Deaglio 1
1Department of Medical Sciences, Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), University of Turin

The protocol described here represents an easy and reproducible method that employs reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) to measure purine metabolism on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells cultured under different conditions.

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Chemistry

Synthesis and Characterization of Fe-doped Aluminosilicate Nanotubes with Enhanced Electron Conductive Properties
Ehsan Shafia 1, Serena Esposito 2, Elnaz Bahadori 1, Marco Armandi 1,3, Maela Manzoli 4, Barbara Bonelli 1,3,5
1Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 2Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Università degli Studi di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, 3Institute of Chemistry, Politecnico di Torino, 4Department of Chemistry & NIS Interdepartmental Centre, University of Turin, 5INSTM Unit of Torino-Politecnico, Politecnico di Torino

Here, we present a protocol to synthesize and characterize Fe-doped aluminosilicate nanotubes. The materials are obtained by either sol-gel synthesis upon addition of FeCl3•6H2O to the mixture containing the Si and Al precursors or by post-synthesis ionic exchange of preformed aluminosilicate nanotubes.

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JoVE Core

Assessment of Methane and Nitrous Oxide Fluxes from Paddy Field by Means of Static Closed Chambers Maintaining Plants Within Headspace
Chiara Bertora 1, Matteo Peyron 1, Simone Pelissetti 2, Carlo Grignani 1, Dario Sacco 1
1Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, 2UPTOFARM

The overall goal of this protocol is to measure greenhouse gas emissions from paddy fields using the static closed chamber technique. The measurement system needs specific adjustments due to the presence of both a permanent water layer in the field and of the plants within the chamber headspace.

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Medicine

Learning Modern Laryngeal Surgery in a Dissection Laboratory
Erika Crosetti 1, Marco Fantini 1, Davide Lancini 2, Andrea Manca 1, Giovanni Succo 1,3
1Head and Neck Oncology Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Brescia, 3Department of Oncology, University of Turin

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how to organize a reproducible laboratory for laryngeal surgery on affordable and closely similar animal laryngeal models in order to improve anatomical and surgical knowledge and skills.

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Neuroscience

Modeling Multiple Sclerosis in the Two Sexes: MOG35-55-Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Brigitta Bonaldo 1,2, Antonino Casile 1,2,3, Francesca Montarolo 1,2, Antonio Bertolotto 1,4
1Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), 2Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi-Montalcini”, University of Turin, 3School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, 4Koelliker Hospital

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is one of the most widely used murine models of multiple sclerosis. In the current protocol, C57BL/6J mice of both sexes are immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide, resulting mainly in ascending paresis of the tail and limbs. Here we discuss the protocol of EAE induction and evaluation.

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Medicine

Clinical Anthropometrics and Body Composition from 3-Dimensional Optical Imaging
Marco A. Minetto 1, Chiara Busso 1, Andrea Ferraris 1, Angelo Pietrobelli 2,3, John A. Shepherd 4, Cassidy McCarthy 2, Steven B. Heymsfield 2
1Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 2Pennington Biomedical Research Centre, 3Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Paediatric Unit, University of Verona, 4Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center

The procedures for body size, shape, and composition assessment through commercially available solutions for three-dimensional optical imaging enable the rapid collection of accurate and reproducible data. Clinicians could implement the acquisition of innovative and useful biomarkers ("e-tape" measurements) in routine evaluations of patients to assist in characterizing their health status.

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Neuroscience

Standardization of a Novel Semi-Automatic Software for Neurite Outgrowth Measurement
Giada Musso *1, Sofia Dotta *1,2, Amisha Parmar 1,2, Daniela Maria Rasà 1,2,3, Ferdinando Di Cunto 1,2, Letizia Marvaldi 1,2
1Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, 2Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, 3University School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia

Neurite outgrowth assays provide a quantitative value about regenerative neuronal processes. The advantage of this semi-automatic software is that it segments cell bodies and neurites separately by creating a mask and measures various parameters such as neurite length, number of branch points, cell-body cluster area, and number of cell clusters.

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