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east china normal university

5 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Engineering

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
Olivier Morin 1, Jianli Liu 1, Kun Huang 1,2, Felippe Barbosa 3, Claude Fabre 1, Julien Laurat 1
1Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, 2State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, 3Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo

We describe the reliable generation of non-Gaussian states of traveling optical fields, including single-photon states and coherent state superpositions, using a conditional preparation method operated on the non-classical light emitted by optical parametric oscillators. Type-I and type-II phase-matched oscillators are considered and common procedures, such as the required frequency filtering or the high-efficiency quantum state characterization by homodyning, are detailed.

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Biology

Precise, High-throughput Analysis of Bacterial Growth
Masaomi Kurokawa 1, Bei-Wen Ying 1,2
1Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 2Institute of Biology and Information Science, East China Normal University

Quantitative evaluation of bacterial growth is essential to understanding microbial physiology as a systems-level phenomenon. A protocol for experimental manipulation and an analytical approach are introduced, allowing for precise, high-throughput analysis of bacterial growth, which is a key subject of interest in systems biology.

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Neuroscience

Inter-Brain Synchrony in Open-Ended Collaborative Learning: An fNIRS-Hyperscanning Study
Nan Zhao 1,2, Yi Zhu 1,2, Yi Hu 1,2
1School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, 2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Crisis Intervention, East China Normal University

The protocol for conducting fNIRS hyperscanning experiments on collaborative learning dyads in a naturalistic learning environment is outlined. Further, a pipeline to analyze the Inter-Brain Synchrony (IBS) of oxygenated hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) signals is presented.

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Neuroscience

How to Calculate and Validate Inter-brain Synchronization in a fNIRS Hyperscanning Study
Yinying Hu 1, Zixuan Wang 1, Bei Song 2, Yafeng Pan 3, Xiaojun Cheng 4, Yi Zhu 1, Yi Hu 1
1Institute of Brain and Education Innovation, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, 2Department of Musicology, Harbin Conservatory of Music, 3Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 4School of Psychology, Shenzhen University

The dynamics between coupled brains of individuals have been increasingly represented by inter-brain synchronization (IBS) when they coordinate with each other, mostly using simultaneous-recording signals of brains (namely hyperscanning) with fNIRS. In fNIRS hyperscanning studies, IBS has been commonly assessed through the wavelet transform coherence (WTC) method because of its advantage on expanding time series into time-frequency space where oscillations can be seen in a highly intuitive way. The observed IBS can be further validated via the permutation-based random pairing of the trial, partner, and condition. Here, a protocol is presented to describe how to obtain brain signals via fNIRS technology, calculate IBS through the WTC method, and validate IBS by permutation in a hyperscanning study. Further, we discuss the critical issues when using the above methods, including the choice of fNIRS signals, methods of data preprocessing, and optional parameters of computations. In summary, using the WTC method and permutation is a potentially standard pipeline for analyzing IBS in fNIRS hyperscanning studies, contributing to both the reproducibility and reliability of IBS.

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Bioengineering

Clinical Microfluidic Chip Platform for the Isolation of Versatile Circulating Tumor Cells
Hongmei Chen 1, Yufeng Han 1, Qingli Li 2, Yong Zou 1, Shuangshou Wang 3, Xiaodong Jiao 4
1School of Microelectronics and Data Science, Anhui University of Technology, 2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, East China Normal University, 3School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, 4Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital

The clinical microfluidic chip is an important biomedical analysis technique that simplifies clinical patient blood sample preprocessing and immunofluorescently stains circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in situ on the chip, allowing the rapid detection and identification of a single CTC.

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