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Politecnico di Milano

13 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Engineering

Fabrication of Nano-engineered Transparent Conducting Oxides by Pulsed Laser Deposition
Paolo Gondoni 1, Matteo Ghidelli 1, Fabio Di Fonzo 1,2, Andrea Li Bassi 1,2, Carlo S. Casari 1
1Department of Energy and NEMAS - Center for NanoEngineered Materials and Surfaces, Politecnico di Milano, 2Center for Nano Science and Technology, Instituto Italiano di Tecnologia

We describe the experimental method to deposit nanostructured oxide thin films by nanosecond Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) in the presence of a background gas. By using this method Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films, from compact to hierarchically structured as nano-tree forests, can be deposited.

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Bioengineering

Engineering 3D Cellularized Collagen Gels for Vascular Tissue Regeneration
Sébastien Meghezi 1, Dawit G. Seifu 1,2, Nina Bono 1,3, Larry Unsworth 2,4,5, Kibret Mequanint 6, Diego Mantovani 1,2
1Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Department Min-Met-Materials Eng & CHU de Québec Research Center, Canada Research Chair I for the Innovation in Surgery, Laval University, 2NSERC CREATE Program for Regenerative Medicine (NCPRM), Laval University, 3Department Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 4Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, 5National Institute for Nanotechnology, National Research Council (Canada), 6Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario

In this work, we present a technique for the rapid fabrication of living vascular tissues by direct culturing of collagen, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. In addition, a new protocol for the mechanical characterization of engineered vascular tissues is described.

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Bioengineering

Optical Control of Living Cells Electrical Activity by Conjugated Polymers
Nicola Martino 1, Caterina Bossio 1, Susana Vaquero Morata 1, Guglielmo Lanzani 1,2, Maria Rosa Antognazza 1
1Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 2Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano

A method for stimulation of in-vitro cell cultures electrical activity with visible light, based on the use of organic semiconducting polymers is described.

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Bioengineering

Transport Properties of Ibuprofen Encapsulated in Cyclodextrin Nanosponge Hydrogels: A Proton HR-MAS NMR Spectroscopy Study
Monica Ferro *1, Franca Castiglione *1, Carlo Punta 1, Lucio Melone 1,2, Walter Panzeri 3, Barbara Rossi 4, Francesco Trotta 5, Andrea Mele 1
1Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 2Università degli studi e-Campus, 3ICRM, CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 4Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, 5Department of Chemistry, University of Torino

The motion regimes of ibuprofen encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin nanosponges polymer network are investigated using pulsed-field-gradient spin-echo (PGSE) NMR technique. Synthesis, purification, drug loading, implementation of the NMR pulse sequence and data analysis to work out the mean square displacement of the drug at several observation times are described in detail.

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Bioengineering

The Synthesis of RGD-functionalized Hydrogels as a Tool for Therapeutic Applications
Emanuele Mauri 1, Alessandro Sacchetti 1, Filippo Rossi 1
1Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano

We present a protocol for the synthesis of RGD-functionalized hydrogels as devices for cell and drug delivery. The procedure involves copper catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) between alkyne-modified polyacrylic acid (PAA) and a RGD-azide derivative. The hydrogels are formed using microwave-assisted polycondensation and their physicochemical properties are investigated.

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Education

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident
Dario Manara 1, Luca Soldi 1,2,4, Sara Mastromarino 1,3,5, Kostantinos Boboridis 1, Davide Robba 1, Luka Vlahovic 1, Rudy Konings 1
1European Commission, Joint Research Centre, 2Energy Department, Politecnico di Milano, 3Department of Chemical Physics, Sapienza - Università di Roma, 4CEA Saclay, 5TU Delft

We present experiments in which real nuclear fuel, cladding, and containment materials are laser heated to temperatures beyond 3,000 K while their behavior is studied by radiance spectroscopy and thermal analysis. These experiments simulate, on a laboratory scale, the formation of a lava-phase following a nuclear reactor core meltdown.

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JoVE Journal

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
Gabriella Cavallo 1, Duncan W. Bruce 2, Giancarlo Terraneo 1, Giuseppe Resnati 3, Pierangelo Metrangolo 1
1Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials (SBNLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 2Department of Chemistry, University of York, 3Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano

A protocol for the synthesis of a new type of mesogens, based on the halogen-bonded supramolecular anion [CnF2n+1-I···I···I-CnF2n+1], is reported.

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Environment

Image-based Lagrangian Particle Tracking in Bed-load Experiments
Alessio Radice 1, Sankar Sarkar 2, Francesco Ballio 1
1Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 2Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute

The manuscript presents a protocol for the conduction of bed-load sediment transport experiments where the moving particles are tracked by image analysis. The experimental facility, the procedures for run realization and data processing, and finally some proof-of-concept results are presented here.

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JoVE Journal

Exploiting Live Imaging to Track Nuclei During Myoblast Differentiation and Fusion
Giorgia Careccia *1,2, Federica Colombo *1,3, Mario Tirone 1, Alessandra Agresti 1, Marco E. Bianchi 1,2, Samuel Zambrano *1,2, Emilie Vénéreau *1
1Chromatin Dynamics Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 2Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 3Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano

Skeletal muscle differentiation is a highly dynamic process, which particularly relies on nuclear positioning. Here, we describe a method to track nuclei movements by live cell imaging during myoblast differentiation and myotube formation and to perform a quantitative characterization of nuclei dynamics by extracting information from automatic tracking.

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JoVE Core

International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure
Jing Liu 1,2, Dalibor Kurepa 3, Francesco Feletti 4,5, Almudena Alonso-Ojembarrena 6, Jovan Lovrenski 7, Roberto Copetti 8, Erich Sorantin 9, Javier Rodriguez-Fanjul 10, Karishma Katti 3, Andrea Aliverti 4, Huayan Zhang 11,12, Misun Hwang 13, Tsu F. Yeh 14, Cai-Bao Hu 15, Xing Feng 16, Ru-Xin Qiu 1,2, Jing-Han Chi 17, Li-Li Shang 18, Guo-Rong Lyu 19, Shao-Zheng He 20, Yan-Fen Chai 21, Zhan-Jun Qiu 22, Hai-Ying Cao 2,23, Yue-Qiao Gao 1,2, Xiao-Ling Ren 1,2, Guo Guo 1,24, Li Zhang 1,2, Ying Liu 1,2, Wei Fu 1,2, Zu-Lin Lu 1,2, Hong-Lei Li 1,2
1Department of Neonatology and NICU, Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, 2The National Neonatal Lung Ultrasound Training Base, 3Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Cohen Children's Medical Center, 4Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 5Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Ausl della Romagna, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, 6Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 7Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, Institute for Children and Adolescents Health Care of Vojvodina, 8Emergency Department, University Hospital of Cattinara, 9Division of Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, Medical University Graz, 10Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Pediatric Service Hospital Joan XXIII Tarragona, University Rovira i Virgil, 11Center for Newborn Care, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, 12Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 13Section of Neonatal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 14Maternal Child Health Research institute, Taipei Medical University and China Medical University, 15Intensive Care Unit, Zhejiang Hospital, 16Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, 17Department of Neonatology and NICU, Bayi Children's Hospital Affiliated to the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 18Intensive Care Unit, Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 19Collaborative Innovation Center for Maternal and Infant Health Service Application Technology, Quanzhou Medical College, 20Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 21Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 22Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 23Department of Ultrasound, GE Healthcare, 24The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital

Pneumothorax is a common emergency and critical disease in newborn infants that needs rapid, clear diagnosis and timely treatment. Diagnosis and treatment based on chest X-rays are associated with delayed management and radiation damage. Lung ultrasound (US) provides useful guidance for rapid, accurate diagnosis and the precise thoracentesis of pneumothorax.

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Engineering

Multiplex Chemical Imaging Based on Broadband Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy
Alejandro De la Cadena 1, Federico Vernuccio 1, Benedetta Talone 1, Arianna Bresci 1, Chiara Ceconello 1, Subir Das 1, Renzo Vanna 2, Giulio Cerullo 1,2, Dario Polli 1,2
1Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 2Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN-CNR)

We present a protocol to acquire chemical images with broadband stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy. Based on an SRS microscope that operates with differential multichannel-lock-in detection, the protocol describes the sample preparation, adjustment of the SRS apparatus, and chemometrics to disentangle different constituents of chemically heterogeneous samples.

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JoVE Core

AMEBaS: Automatic Midline Extraction and Background Subtraction of Ratiometric Fluorescence Time-Lapses of Polarized Single Cells
Rafael Badain 1, Daniel S. C. Damineli 1,2, Maria Teresa Portes 3, José Feijó 4, Stefano Buratti 5, Giorgia Tortora 6, Hugo Neves de Oliveira 1, Roberto M. Cesar Jr 1
1Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, 2Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, 3Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, 4Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics Department, University of Maryland, 5Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 6Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano

Current methods for analyzing the intracellular dynamics of polarized single cells are often manual and lack standardization. This manuscript introduces a novel image analysis pipeline for automating midline extraction of single polarized cells and quantifying spatiotemporal behavior from time lapses in a user-friendly online interface.

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Medicine

Non-Invasive Monitoring of Microvascular Oxygenation and Reactive Hyperemia using Hybrid, Near-Infrared Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy for Critical Care
M. Atif Yaqub *1, Marta Zanoletti *1, Lorenzo Cortese 1, Daniel Senciales Sánchez 1, Caterina Amendola 2, Lorenzo Frabasile 2, Umut Karadeniz 1, Jacqueline Martinez Garcia 1, Marta Martin 1, Jordi Cortes-Picas 1, Alba Caballer 3, Edgar Cortes 3, Sara Nogales 3, Alberto Tosi 4, Talyta Carteano 5, Diego Sanoja Garcia 5, Jakub Tomanik 6, Tessa Wagenaar 6, Hsiao Mui 6, Claudia Nunzia Guadagno 7, Shahrzad Parsa 8, Sanathana Konugolu Venkata Sekar 7, Luc Demarteau 6, Tijl Houtbeckers 6, Udo M. Weigel 8, Michele Lacerenza 9, Mauro Buttafava 9, Alessandro Torricelli 2,10, Davide Contini 2, Jaume Mesquida 3, Turgut Durduran 1,11
1ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 2Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 3Critical Care Department, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, 4Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, 5ASPHALION s.l., 6Splendo, 7BioPixS-Biophotonics Standards, IPIC, Tyndall National Institute, 8Hemophotonics s.l., 9PIONIRS s.r.l., 10Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, 11Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)

We describe a protocol to non-invasively and continuously measure absolute microvascular blood flow index and blood oxygen saturation using a multi-modal device based on near-infrared diffuse optics. We then evaluate the metabolic rate of oxygen consumption and reactive hyperemia utilizing a vascular occlusion test.

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