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National Institute for Physiological Sciences

4 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Behavior

Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Kenichi Sekiya 1,2, Munehisa Fukushima 3, Henning Teismann 4,5, Lothar Lagemann 4, Ryusuke Kakigi 1,6, Christo Pantev 4, Hidehiko Okamoto 1,4,6
1Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 2Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kansai Rosai Hospital, 4Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Muenster, 5Institute for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Muenster, 6Sokendai Graduate University for Advanced Studies

This article reports the development of a neuro-rehabilitation approach, "constraint-induced sound therapy (CIST)" for sudden sensorineural hearing loss. The aim of CIST is to prevent maladaptive cortical reorganization by using an enriched acoustic environment. CIST represents a safe, easy, inexpensive, and effective approach to treat sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

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Biology

Visualization of DNA Compaction in Cyanobacteria by High-voltage Cryo-electron Tomography
Kazuyoshi Murata 1, Yasuko Kaneko 2
1National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 2Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University

This protocol describes how to visualize the transient DNA compaction in cyanobacteria. Synchronous cultivation, monitoring by fluorescence microscopy, rapid freezing, and high voltage cryo-electron tomography are used. A protocol for these methodologies is presented, and future applications and developments are discussed.

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Neuroscience

Cheek Injection Model for Simultaneous Measurement of Pain and Itch-related Behaviors
Yu Yamanoi 1,2,3,4, Hiroki Kittaka 1,2,5, Makoto Tominaga 1,2,3,6
1Thermal Biology Group, Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), 2Division of Cell Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 3Department of Physiological Sciences, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 4Research Laboratory, Ikedamohando Co., Ltd., 5Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 6Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University

Typically, the mouse neck injection model is used for evaluate pruritogen-induced scratch behaviors. However, the model provides information only on itch, not pain. Here, a cheek injection model is introduced in mice which can be used to simultaneously measure pain and itch-related behaviors.

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Neuroscience

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Microglial Ca2+ Activity at Single-Cell Resolution
Hiroshi Horiuchi 1,2, Dennis Lawrence Cheung 1, Junichi Nabekura 1,2
1Division of Homeostatic Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 2Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI: the Graduate University for Advanced Studies

In this paper, we describe a protocol for in vivo imaging of microglial Ca2+ activity and subsequent analysis of its spatiotemporal dynamics. This method enables thorough characterization of how microglia respond to changes in the brain environment, appropriately capturing the fine spatiotemporal scales at which such events occur.

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