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10 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Bioengineering

Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
Uri Rozovski 1, Inbal Hazan-Halevy 2, George Calin 3, David Harris 4, Ping Li 4, Zhiming Liu 4, Michael J. Keating 4, Zeev Estrov 4
1Division of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, 2The Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, 3Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 4Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Herein we propose a strategy to study the effect of a transcription factor of interest on the microRNA transcriptome using publically available data, computational resources and high throughput data from microRNA arrays after transfecting cells with small hairpin (sh)RNA targeting a transcription factor of interest.

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Engineering

Atmospheric Pressure Fabrication of Large-Sized Single-Layer Rectangular SnSe Flakes
Jizhou Jiang 1,2, Calvin Pei Yu Wong 2,3, Wenjing Zhang 1, Andrew Thye Shen Wee 2,4
1SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 2Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 3NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Centre for Life Sciences, 4Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore

A protocol is presented demonstrating a two-step fabrication technique to grow large-sized single-layer rectangular shaped SnSe flakes on low-cost SiO2/Si dielectrics wafers in an atmospheric pressure quartz tube furnace system.

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Biology

A Method for Islet Transplantation to the Omentum in Mouse
Ying Lu *1, Shangyou Zou *1, Suzanne Bertera *2, Rita Bottino 2, David K.C. Cooper 3, Zhengzhao Liu 1, Yi Huang 1, Chengjun Wang 1, Chungu Hong 1, Tian He 1, Hancheng Zhang 1, Qin Huo 4, Hongxing Fu 5, Zhiming Cai 1, Lisha Mou 1
1Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 2Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, Allegheny-Singer Research Institute, 3Xenotransplantation Program/Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 4College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, 5School of Pharmcy, Wenzhou Medical College

A method for the omental transplantation of islets in a mouse is introduced. The isolated islets are mixed with hydrogel and the mixture is placed into the omental pouch of a diabetic mouse. Then, the blood glucose is monitored, and immuno-histochemical analysis is performed.

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Behavior

The Modified Temptation Resistance Task: A Paradigm to Elicit Children's Strategic Lie-telling
Lamei Wang 1, Zhenlin Wang 2
1College of Psychology and Sociology, Shenzhen University, 2Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong

The protocol for the temptation resistance paradigm was designed to elicit 2- to 8-year-old children's strategic lie-telling behaviors. The reward of transgression was intended to be too tempting to resist, so that children's spontaneous lie-telling behavior in the presence of irreversible evidence due to the transgression could be observed.

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JoVE Core

Applicability Analysis of Assessment Methods for Morphological Parameters of Corroded Steel Bars
Dawang Li 1,2, Ping Li 1,2, Yingang Du 3, Ren Wei 1,2
1Department of Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, 2Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3Department of Engineering and the Built Environment, Anglia Ruskin University

This paper measures the geometry and the amount of corrosion of a steel bar using different methods: mass loss, calipers, drainage measurements, 3D scanning, and X-ray micro-computed tomography (XCT).

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Environment

A High-throughput Assay for the Prediction of Chemical Toxicity by Automated Phenotypic Profiling of Caenorhabditis elegans
Shan Gao *1, Weiyang Chen *2, Nan Zhang 1, Chi Xu 3, Haiming Jing 1,4, Wenjing Zhang 1,4, Gaochao Han 1,4, Matthew Flavel 5, Markandeya Jois 5, Yingxin Zeng 1, Jing-Dong J. Han 3, Bo Xian 3, Guojun Li 1,4
1Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Center of Preventive Medicine Research, China, 2College of Computer Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences), China, 3Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, 4Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, China, 5School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Australia

A quantitative method has been developed to identify and predict the acute toxicity of chemicals by automatically analyzing the phenotypic profiling of Caenorhabditis elegans. This protocol describes how to treat worms with chemicals in a 384-well plate, capture videos, and quantify toxicological related phenotypes.

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Immunology and Infection

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems
Yunfei Hu 1, Huahai Chen 1, Ping Li 2, Baiyuan Li 1, Linyan Cao 1, Changhui Zhao 1, Qing Gu 2, Yeshi Yin 1
1Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Advantage Plants Resources in Hunan South, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, 2College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University

Described here is a protocol to investigate the interactions between endobiotics and human gut microbiota using in vitro batch fermentation systems.

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Neuroscience

How to Calculate and Validate Inter-brain Synchronization in a fNIRS Hyperscanning Study
Yinying Hu 1, Zixuan Wang 1, Bei Song 2, Yafeng Pan 3, Xiaojun Cheng 4, Yi Zhu 1, Yi Hu 1
1Institute of Brain and Education Innovation, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, 2Department of Musicology, Harbin Conservatory of Music, 3Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 4School of Psychology, Shenzhen University

The dynamics between coupled brains of individuals have been increasingly represented by inter-brain synchronization (IBS) when they coordinate with each other, mostly using simultaneous-recording signals of brains (namely hyperscanning) with fNIRS. In fNIRS hyperscanning studies, IBS has been commonly assessed through the wavelet transform coherence (WTC) method because of its advantage on expanding time series into time-frequency space where oscillations can be seen in a highly intuitive way. The observed IBS can be further validated via the permutation-based random pairing of the trial, partner, and condition. Here, a protocol is presented to describe how to obtain brain signals via fNIRS technology, calculate IBS through the WTC method, and validate IBS by permutation in a hyperscanning study. Further, we discuss the critical issues when using the above methods, including the choice of fNIRS signals, methods of data preprocessing, and optional parameters of computations. In summary, using the WTC method and permutation is a potentially standard pipeline for analyzing IBS in fNIRS hyperscanning studies, contributing to both the reproducibility and reliability of IBS.

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JoVE Core

Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining of Four Endometrial Immune Cell Types in Recurrent Miscarriage
Yiwei Zhao 1, Gene Chi Wai Man 1,2, Loucia Kit Ying Chan 1, Xi Guo 1, Yingyu Liu 3, Tao Zhang 1, Joseph Kwong 1,4, Chi Chiu Wang 1,5, Xiaoyan Chen 3, Tin Chiu Li 1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, 2Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shenzhen Baoan Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen University, 4School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, 5Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences; School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Despite the advancements in multiplex immunohistochemistry and multispectral imaging, characterizing the density and clustering of major immune cells simultaneously in the endometrium remains a challenge. This paper describes a detailed multiplex staining protocol and imaging for the simultaneous localization of four immune cell types in the endometrium.

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Neuroscience

Modulation of the Neurophysiological Response to Fearful and Stressful Stimuli Through Repetitive Religious Chanting
Hin Hung Sik 1, Georgios T. Halkias 1, Chunqi Chang 2, Junling Gao 1, Hang Kin Leung 1, Bonnie Wai Yan Wu 1
1Buddhism and Science Research Lab, Centre of Buddhist Studies, The University of Hong Kong, 2School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University

The present event-related potential (ERP) study provides a unique protocol for investigating how religious chanting can modulate negative emotions. The results demonstrate that the late positive potential (LPP) is a robust neurophysiological response to negative emotional stimuli and can be effectively modulated by repetitive religious chanting.

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