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Technische Universität Braunschweig

10 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Neuroscience

Targeting Olfactory Bulb Neurons Using Combined In Vivo Electroporation and Gal4-Based Enhancer Trap Zebrafish Lines
Kenric J. Hoegler 1, Martin Distel 2, Reinhard W. Köster 3, John H. Horne 1
1Department of Biology, Pace University, 2Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 3Division of Cell Biology and Cell Physiology, Zoological Institute, Braunschweig University of Technology

The temporal and spatial resolution of genetic manipulations determines the spectrum of biological phenomena that they can perturb. Here we use temporally and spatially discrete in vivo electroporation, combined with transgenic lines of zebrafish, to induce expression of a GFP transgene specifically in neurons of the developing olfactory bulb.

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Immunology and Infection

Customization of Aspergillus niger Morphology Through Addition of Talc Micro Particles
Thomas Wucherpfennig 1, Antonia Lakowitz 1, Habib Driouch 1, Rainer Krull 1, Christoph Wittmann 1
1Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig

A method to precisely generate and to comprehensively characterize morphology of filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger is described, which allows the mathematical correlation of morphological appearance and productivity.

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JoVE Core

Laboratory Drop Towers for the Experimental Simulation of Dust-aggregate Collisions in the Early Solar System
Jürgen Blum 1, Eike Beitz 1, Mohtashim Bukhari 1, Bastian Gundlach 1, Jan-Hendrik Hagemann 1, Daniel Heißelmann 1, Stefan Kothe 1, Rainer Schräpler 1, Ingo von Borstel 1, René Weidling 1
1Institut für Geophysik und extraterrestrische Physik, Technische Universität Braunschweig

We present a technique to achieve low-velocity to intermediate-velocity collisions between fragile dust aggregates in the laboratory. For this purpose, two vacuum drop-tower setups have been developed that allow collision velocities between <0.01 and ~10 m/sec. The collision events are recorded by high-speed imaging.

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JoVE Journal

Development of an Experimental Setup for the Measurement of the Coefficient of Restitution under Vacuum Conditions
Sven Drücker 1, Isabell Krautstrunk 2, Maria Paulick 2, Khashayar Saleh 1, Martin Morgeneyer 1, Arno Kwade 2
1Industrial Process Engineering, University of Technology of Compiègne, 2Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig

The coefficient of restitution is a parameter that describes the loss of kinetic energy during collision. Here, a free-fall setup under vacuum conditions is developed to be able to determine the coefficient of restitution parameter for particles in micrometer range with high impact velocities.

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Biology

Micromanipulation Techniques Allowing Analysis of Morphogenetic Dynamics and Turnover of Cytoskeletal Regulators
Georgi Dimchev 1,2, Klemens Rottner 1,2
1Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research

We describe how micro- and photomanipulation techniques such as FRAP and photoactivation enable the determination of motility parameters and the spatiotemporal dynamics of proteins within migrating cells. Experimental readouts include subcellular dynamics and turnover of motility regulators or of the underlying actin cytoskeleton.

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Developmental Biology

Culture and Transfection of Zebrafish Primary Cells
Giulio Russo 1,2, Franziska Lehne 1, Sol M. Pose Méndez 1, Stefan Dübel 2, Reinhard W. Köster 1, Wiebke A. Sassen 1
1Division of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Braunschweig University of Technology, 2Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Braunschweig University of Technology

We present an efficient and easy-to-use protocol for preparing primary cell cultures of zebrafish embryos for transfection and live cell imaging as well as a protocol to prepare primary cells from adult zebrafish brain.

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Engineering

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
Karri Muinonen 1,2, Timo Väisänen 1, Julia Martikainen 1, Johannes Markkanen 1,3, Antti Penttilä 1, Maria Gritsevich 1,4, Jouni Peltoniemi 1,2, Jürgen Blum 5, Joonas Herranen 1, Gorden Videen 6,7, Göran Maconi 1, Petteri Helander 1, Ari Salmi 1, Ivan Kassamakov 1, Edward Haeggström 1
1Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 2Finnish Geospatial Research Institute FGI, National Land Survey, 3Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, 4Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, 5Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 6Space Science Institute, 7Army Research Laboratory

Numerical and experimental methods are presented for multiple scattering of light in discrete random media of densely-packed particles. The methods are utilized to interpret the observations of asteroid (4) Vesta and comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.

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Immunology and Infection

Pneumococcus Infection of Primary Human Endothelial Cells in Constant Flow
Hilger Jagau 1,2, Ina-Kristin Behrens 1,3, Michael Steinert 1,4, Simone Bergmann 1
1Institut für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2Devision of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Lund University, 3Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig Maximilians University, 4Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research

This study describes the microscopic monitoring of pneumococcus adherence to von Willebrand factor strings produced on the surface of differentiated human primary endothelial cells under shear stress in defined flow conditions. This protocol can be extended to detailed visualization of specific cell structures and quantification of bacteria by applying differential immunostaining procedures.

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Developmental Biology

Development of a Larval Zebrafish Infection Model for Clostridioides difficile
Junkai Li 1, Can M. Ünal 2, Kazuhiko Namikawa 1, Michael Steinert 3,4,5, Reinhard W. Köster 1
1Division of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Turkish-German University, 3Institut für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 4Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, 5Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research

Presented here is a safe and effective method to infect zebrafish larvae with fluorescently labeled anaerobic C. difficile by microinjection and noninvasive microgavage.

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Neuroscience

In vivo Imaging of Fully Active Brain Tissue in Awake Zebrafish Larvae and Juveniles by Skull and Skin Removal
Paul Schramm 1, Florian Hetsch 2, Jochen C. Meier 3, Reinhard W. Köster 1
1Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2Institute of Pathophysiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 3Cell Physiology, Zoological institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig

Here we present a method to image the zebrafish embryonic brain in vivo upto larval and juvenile stages. This microinvasive procedure, adapted from electrophysiological approaches, provides access to cellular and subcellular details of mature neuron and can be combined with optogenetics and neuropharmacological studies for characterizing brain function and drug intervention.

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