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Karolinska Institute

8 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Medicine

Establishment of a Human Multiple Myeloma Xenograft Model in the Chicken to Study Tumor Growth, Invasion and Angiogenesis
Agnieszka Martowicz *1,4, Johann Kern *1,2, Eberhard Gunsilius 1, Gerold Untergasser 1,3
1Department of Internal Medicine V, Innsbruck Medical University, 2Oncotyrol GmbH, 3Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 4Division of Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute

Human multiple myeloma (MM) cells require the supportive microenvironment of mesenchymal cells and extracellular matrix components for survival and proliferation. We established an in vivo chicken embryo model with engrafted human myeloma and mesenchymal cells to study effects of cancer drugs on tumor growth, invasion and angiogenesis.

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Immunology and Infection

A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Clara Braian 1, Mattias Svensson 2, Susanna Brighenti 2, Maria Lerm 1, Venkata R. Parasa 1,2
1Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 2Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute

Human tuberculosis infection is a complex process, which is difficult to model in vitro. Here we describe a novel 3D human lung tissue model that recapitulates the dynamics that occur during infection, including the migration of immune cells and early granuloma formation in a physiological environment.

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Neuroscience

Induction of Leptomeningeal Cells Modification Via Intracisternal Injection
Margherita Zamboni 1, Giuseppe Santopolo 1, Jonas Frisén 1
1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute

We describe an intracisternal injection that employs a needle bent at the tip that can be stabilized to the skull, thus eliminating the risk of damage to the underlying parenchyma. The approach can be used for genetic fate mapping and manipulations of leptomeningeal cells and for tracking cerebrospinal fluid movement.

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Developmental Biology

Rapid Isolation of Single Cells from Mouse and Human Teeth
Jan Krivanek 1, Josef Lavicky 1, Thibault Bouderlique 2, Igor Adameyko 2,3
1Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 2Department of Molecular Neuroimmunology, Centre for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 3Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute

The current protocol presents a fast, efficient, and gentle method for isolating single cells suitable for single-cell RNA-seq analysis from a continuously growing mouse incisor, mouse molar, and human teeth.

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Engineering

Biplanar Videoradiography Dataset for Model-based Pose Estimation Development and New User Training
Lauren Welte 1, Andrew Dickinson 1, Anton Arndt 2,3, Michael J. Rainbow 1
1Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Queen’s University, 2Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, 3Karolinska Institute

This work presents an in vivo dataset with bone poses estimated with marker-based methods. A method is included here to train operators in improving their initial estimates for model-based pose estimation and reducing inter-operator variability.

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Biology

Exploring Caspase Mutations and Post-Translational Modification by Molecular Modeling Approaches
Dmitry K. Nilov 1, Alexey V. Zamaraev 2, Boris Zhivotovsky 2,3, Gelina S. Kopeina 2
1Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 2Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 3Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute

The present protocol uses a biomolecular simulation package and describes the molecular dynamics (MD) approach for modeling the wild-type caspase and its mutant forms. The MD method allows for assessing the dynamic evolution of the caspase structure and the potential effect of mutations or post-translational modifications.

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Medicine

Surgical Treatment of an Endolymphatic Sac Tumor
Luca Bruschini 1,2, Francesca Forli 1,2, Guido Andrea Lazzarotti 3, Antonella Borraccino 1,2, Mirco Cosottini 3,4, Stefano Berrettini 1,2,5, Francesco Lazzerini 1,6
1Otolaryngology, Audiology and Phoniatrics Operative Unit, University of Pisa, 2Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 3Neuroradiology Operative Unit, Pisa University Hospital, 4Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 5Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, 6Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa

Here, we discuss clinical and radiological features of endolymphatic sac tumors and report the methodology and results of a surgical removal in a case in care at our otologic referral center.

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Medicine

Measurement of Healthy and Injured Triceps Surae Morphology
Hayley Powell Smitheman 1, Kayla D. Seymore 1, Morgan N. Potter 1, Andy K. Smith 1, Susanna Aufwerber 2,3, Karin Grävare Silbernagel 1
1Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, 2Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 3Women’s Health and Allied Health Professionals Theme, Medical Unit of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital

Ultrasound imaging is becoming more accessible in clinical and research settings, and a consistent protocol will be beneficial for comparison between studies and for clinical interpretations. This protocol for ultrasound evaluation is a valid and reliable method to evaluate Achilles tendon morphology in healthy, tendinopathic, and ruptured tendons.

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