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National Institute of Mental Health

5 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Neuroscience

Multi-electrode Array Recordings of Neuronal Avalanches in Organotypic Cultures
Dietmar Plenz 1, Craig V. Stewart 1, Woodrow Shew 1, Hongdian Yang 1, Andreas Klaus 1, Tim Bellay 1
1Section on Critical Brain Dynamics, National Institute of Mental Health

A robust way to study neuronal avalanches, i.e. scale-invariant spatio-temporal activity bursts, indicative of critical state dynamics in cortex. Avalanches emerge spontaneously in developing superficial layers of cultured cortex which allows for long-term measurements of the activity with planar integrated multi-electrode arrays (MEA) under precisely controlled conditions.

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Neuroscience

In Vivo Two-photon Imaging Of Experience-dependent Molecular Changes In Cortical Neurons
Vania Y. Cao 1,2, Yizhou Ye 1, Surjeet S. Mastwal 1, David M. Lovinger 3, Rui M. Costa 4, Kuan H. Wang 1
1Unit on Neural Circuits and Adaptive Behaviors, Genes Cognition and Psychosis Program, National Institute of Mental Health, 2Department of Neuroscience, Brown University - National Institutes of Health Graduate Partnership Program, 3Section on Synaptic Pharmacology, Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 4Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown

Experience-dependent molecular changes in neurons are essential for the brain's ability to adapt in response to behavioral challenges. An in vivo two-photon imaging method is described here that allows the tracking of such molecular changes in individual cortical neurons through genetically encoded reporters.

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Behavior

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy
Srishti Gulati 1, Vania Y. Cao 1, Stephani Otte 1
1Inscopix Inc.

Here, we present a procedure for performing large-scale Ca2+ imaging with cellular-resolution across multiple cortical layers in freely moving mice. Hundreds of active cells can be observed simultaneously using a miniature, head-mounted microscope coupled with an implanted prism probe.

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Neuroscience

Non-invasive Strategies for Chronic Manipulation of DREADD-controlled Neuronal Activity
Jesse Zhan 1, Ruchi Komal 1, William T. Keenan 2, Samer Hattar 1, Diego C. Fernandez 1
1Section on Light and Circadian Rhythms (SLCR), National Institute of Mental Health, 2Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Scripps Research Institute

Here we describe two non-invasive methods to chronically control neuronal activity using chemogenetics in mice. Eye-drops were used to deliver clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) daily. We also describe two methods for prolonged administration of CNO in drinking water. These strategies for chronic neuronal control require minimal intervention reducing animals’ stress.

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Behavior

Tactile Semiautomatic Passive-Finger Angle Stimulator (TSPAS)
Wu Wang 1, Jiajia Yang 2,4, Yinghua Yu 2,3,4, Qiong Wu 5,2, Satoshi Takahashi 2, Yoshimichi Ejima 2, Jinglong Wu 6,2
1Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 2Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, 3Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4Section on Functional Imaging Methods, National Institute of Mental Health, 5School of Education, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 6Beijing Institute of Technology

Presented is the tactile semiautomated passive-finger angle stimulator TSPAS, a new way to assess tactile spatial acuity and tactile angle discrimination using a computer-controlled tactile stimulus system that applies raised angle stimuli to a subject's passive fingerpad, while controlling for movement speed, distance, and contact duration.

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