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Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine

4 ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JoVE

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Immunology and Infection

Anti-virulent Disruption of Pathogenic Biofilms using Engineered Quorum-quenching Lactonases
Song Buck Tay 1,3, Jeng Yeong Chow 2, Maybelle Kho Go 1,3, Wen Shan Yew 1,3
1Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 2Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 3Synthetic Biology Research Consortium, National University of Singapore

Quorum-quenching enzymes are anti-virulent and anti-bacterial options that can mitigate pathogenesis without risk of incurring resistance, by preventing the expression of virulence factors and genes associated with antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation. In this study, we report a method that demonstrates the efficacy of quorum-quenching enzymes in bacterial biofilm disruption.

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Immunology and Infection

A Non-invasive Way to Isolate and Phenotype Cells from the Conjunctiva
Tanima Bose 1, Aihua Hou 2, Ryan Lee 2, Louis Tong 2,3,4,5, K. George Chandy 1
1Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 2Singapore Eye Research Institute, 3Singapore National Eye Center, 4Duke-NUS Medical School, 5Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine

The exposed normal ocular surface consists of cornea and conjunctiva. Epithelial cells, goblet cells and immune cells are present in the conjunctiva. Here, a non-invasive, technique of impression cytology is described using an impression cytology device and flow cytometry to analyze immune cells in the conjunctiva.

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Immunology and Infection

A Chronic Autoimmune Dry Eye Rat Model with Increase in Effector Memory T Cells in Eyeball Tissue
Aihua Hou 1,2, Tanima Bose 3, K. George Chandy 3, Louis Tong 1,2,4,5
1Singapore Eye Research Insitute, A Member of SingHealth, 2DUKE-National University of Singapore Medical School, 3Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 4Singapore National Eye Center, 5Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore

This report describes a method to induce chronic experimental autoimmune dry eye in Lewis rats through immunization with an emulsion of rat lacrimal gland extract, ovalbumin, and complete Freund's adjuvant, followed by the injection of lacrimal gland extract and ovalbumin into the forniceal subconjunctiva and lacrimal glands six weeks later.

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Immunology and Infection

Bead Based Multiplex Assay for Analysis of Tear Cytokine Profiles
Praveen Kumar Balne 1,2, Veonice Bijin AU 3, Louis Tong 2, Arkasubhra Ghosh 4, Mukesh Agrawal 5, John Connolly 3, Rupesh Agrawal 1
1National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 2Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI), 3Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, 4GROW Research Laboratory, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, 5Vimta Labs Limited

Analysis of tear film cytokines helps in studying various ocular diseases. Bead based multiplex assays are simple and sensitive and enable the testing of multiple targets in samples with small volumes. Here we describe a protocol for tear film cytokine profiling a using bead based multiplex assay.

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