Ultrasound-Induced Neuromodulation Using a Microelectrode Array System

Begin with a microelectrode array or MEA system containing a parafilm-covered multi-well MEA plate and a focused ultrasound transducer above it.

One of the MEA wells contains media with human iPSC-derived neurons over embedded microelectrodes, where the neurons communicate with each other via electrical signals.

Set up the transducer for the emission of ultrasound waves.

Apply degassed coupling gel on the parafilm and lower the transducer to establish contact with the gel without air bubbles for efficient ultrasound transmission.

Next, the MEA system records the electrical signals from the neurons via the microelectrodes to obtain a baseline neuronal activity.

Using the transducer, apply continuous high-frequency ultrasound waves, which pass through the coupling gel and parafilm and reach the neurons.

The ultrasound waves excite the neurons and modulate their electrical activity. Re-record this electrical signal.

An increase in neuronal activity after ultrasound treatment, compared to pre-treatment, confirms the successful neuromodulation.