2.12 : Global Positioning System

Global Positioning System

Global Positioning System (GPS) helps people find locations with speed and precision. It works by using satellites in space that send signals to receivers on Earth. These signals allow GPS to determine precise positions anywhere in the world. GPS is widely used for travel, outdoor activities, and research. Understanding how GPS works helps us navigate efficiently and make smarter travel decisions.

Science and Engineering Practices: Developing and Using Models

Scientists and engineers use models to explain and improve GPS. A model represents how something works. By creating models, you can better understand GPS and observe how signals move between satellites and receivers.

How GPS Works

• Satellites in space send signals to GPS receivers on the ground.
• The receiver calculates its location based on how long the signals take to arrive.
• Engineers build models to enhance GPS accuracy and reliability.

Activity Ideas:

Make a GPS Model – Draw a simple diagram showing how satellites send signals to a receiver on Earth. Label the satellites, signals, and receiver.

GPS Experiment – Use a GPS app to check your location in different places. Observe how trees, buildings, or other obstacles affect accuracy.

Crosscutting Concepts: Patterns

GPS relies on patterns to function correctly. Recognizing these patterns helps improve navigation and accuracy.

Patterns in GPS

• Satellites follow predictable orbits, ensuring global coverage.
• GPS receivers detect patterns in satellite signals to determine location.
• Weather, buildings, and trees create patterns of strong or weak signals.

By studying these patterns, scientists and engineers are improving GPS's performance in different environments, including cities, mountains, and oceans.