イリノイ大学シカゴ校から設立だけでなく、膵島細胞リソースセンターNIHの助成金（RFA - RR 05から003）、クリストファー財団、Efroymson財団、およびテラブス財団によってサポート。

1。膵島の精製<ol><li>膵島精製の手順を開始するには、、COBE袋をロードする緑のチューブを除くすべてのチューブをクランプし、0に外1500速度を設定し、スーパー。 </li><li>フード内でポンプと勾配のビーカーを設置し、緑のチューブにコレクションチューブを接続する。 </li><li>今フィコール1.100のロードが開始することができます：&quot;スピン&quot;プッシュは、フロントビーカーにフィコール1.100の110 mlを追加し、COBE袋をロードするためにポンプを起動します。フィコールがロードされると、、スーパーを押してポンプを停止し、ポンプヘッドをアンクランプし、100超アウト速度を設定します。 </li><li>フィコールをビーカーに達すると、すべての空気がポンプヘッドにチューブ、再クランプから追放されている場合。 3,000〜スピン速度、および超アウト速度を0に設定します。 </li><li>今はフロントビーカーに重い勾配を注いでグラデーションをロードするための準備。少しの空気を除去する2つのビーカーの間にクランプを解除してください。その後戻ってビーカーの中に光のグラデーションを注ぐ。 </li><li>マグネチックスターラーの電源を入れ、、COBEのマシン上で&quot;スピン&quot;を押して2つのビーカーを接続するチューブからクランプを削除し、視覚的に重いと光のグラデーションが混合されていることを確認します。 </li><li>勾配は、混合開始後は、遠心機の電源を入れます。 1分間待ってから、混合勾配をロードするためにポンプの電源を入れます。 </li><li>組織は、ローディングチューブを入力して空気を可能にするのに十分低い勾配は、フロントビーカーに低い実行させ、ではなく、ロードするには、その後ビーカーを接続するチューブをreclampと組織をロードする。 </li><li>組織の残りの部分を追加していきます。その後、洗浄溶液の50mlで組織を保持していたチューブを洗浄し、フロントビーカーを洗浄するためにそれを使用。 </li><li>組織の最後は袋に入ると、同時に、ポンプを停止し、ポンプヘッドでアンクランプ、および袋上記のチューブをクランプする。 5分間遠心し続けます。 </li><li>遠心分離を継続しながら、ボンネットに12のコレクションチューブを持参し、そのキャップを緩めます。黄色のチューブにコレクションチューブを取り付け、コニカルチューブ1内に滅菌したコレクションの先端を配置。その後、黄色のチューブをアンクランプし、緑のチューブをクランプする。 </li><li>スピンが終了すると、徐々に100にSuperoutを上げる。チューブ1の150mlを収集する。その後、チューブ2-12（200〜230ミリリットルから）に30 mlを収集する。 </li><li>収集が完了すると、COBEの&quot;STOP&quot;を押してください。今精製が終了したことを、小島が評価され、培養することができる。 </li></ol> 2。サンプリングと文化<ol><li>精製された島の分画を収集した後、12のコレクションチューブの各々からサンプルを削除し、ジチゾンで染色。染色は、層の低純度の小島で高純度の小島対層が含まれているであるかが表示されます。 </li><li>一緒にそれぞれ高及び低純度の組織とプールを収集する。 </li><li>スピンと2回洗浄する。回目の洗浄後、最後の洗浄のメディアで250mlにそれぞれのボリュームをもたらす。 </li><li>評価するためにプールされたフラクションは低いからプールされた画分と1つの1 mlの試料の高さから2つの1 mlのサンプルを取ることから始めます。洗浄溶液9 mlを入れたコニカルチューブに各1ミリリットルサンプルを転送します。 </li><li>その後、各15 mlチューブから数えて皿に​​1 mlを入れる。顕微鏡下で細胞を調べて、カウント。 </li><li> （小数における島の総EIN /純度）/（フラスコあたり30,000 EIN）：細胞をカウントした後に文化、以下の式を使用して、小島をするために必要なフラスコ数を計算する。例えば、90％の純度を持つ100,000小島は、4フラスコで培養されています。 </li><li> 37˚C、5％CO 2インキュベーター内でT175フラスコと文化に島を転送する。 </li></ol>

<ol>
	<li>Shapiro, A. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Islet+transplantation+in+seven+patients+with+type+1+diabetes+mellitus+using+a+glucocorticoid-free+immunosuppressive+regimen.">Islet transplantation in seven patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus using a glucocorticoid-free immunosuppressive regimen.</a> N Engl J Med. 343, 230-238 (2000).</li><li>Nano, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Islet+isolation+for+allotransplantation:+variables+associated+with+successful+islet+yield+and+graft+function.">Islet isolation for allotransplantation: variables associated with successful islet yield and graft function.</a> Diabetologia. 48, 906-912 (2005).</li><li>Barbaro, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Improved+human+pancreatic+islet+purification+with+the+refined+UIC-UB+density+gradient.">Improved human pancreatic islet purification with the refined UIC-UB density gradient.</a> Transplantation. 84, 1200-1203 (2007).</li><li>Lakey, J. R., Rajotte, R. V., Warnock, G. L., Kneteman, N. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+pancreas+preservation+prior+to+islet+isolation.+Cold+ischemic+tolerance.">Human pancreas preservation prior to islet isolation. Cold ischemic tolerance.</a> Transplantation. 59, 689-694 (1995).</li><li>Fridell, J. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Comparison+of+histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate+solution+and+University+of+Wisconsin+solution+for+organ+preservation+in+clinical+pancreas+transplantation.">Comparison of histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution and University of Wisconsin solution for organ preservation in clinical pancreas transplantation.</a> Transplantation. 77, 1304-1306 (2004).</li><li>Potdar, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Initial+experience+using+histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate+solution+in+clinical+pancreas+transplantation.">Initial experience using histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution in clinical pancreas transplantation.</a> Clin Transplant. 18, 661-665 (2004).</li><li>Salehi, P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Human+islet+isolation+outcomes+from+pancreata+preserved+with+Histidine-Tryptophan+Ketoglutarate+versus+University+of+Wisconsin+solution.">Human islet isolation outcomes from pancreata preserved with Histidine-Tryptophan Ketoglutarate versus University of Wisconsin solution.</a> Transplantation. 82, 983-985 (2006).</li><li>Ricordi, C., Lacy, P. E., Scharp, D. W. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Automated+islet+isolation+from+human+pancreas.">Automated islet isolation from human pancreas.</a> Diabetes. 38 Suppl 1, 140-142 (1989).</li><li>Ricordi, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Islet+isolation+assessment+in+man+and+large+animals.">Islet isolation assessment in man and large animals.</a> Acta Diabetol Lat. 27, 185-195 (1990).</li></ol>

人間の膵島分離の技術において著しい進歩にもかかわらず、膵島の収量は非常に変化し、予測不能のまま。消化された膵組織の精製は、移植のための成功した酵素消化後に十分な島の質量を回復することが重要です。高純度ヒト膵島の優れた回復がこのメソッドを使用して実証されたためUIC精製法が推奨されます。また、消化された組織の最大50 mlをこのように分離に使用される合計時間を?...

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">	
		
		<div>
		<table border="1">
		<thead>
		<tr>
		<th>Material Name</th>
		<th>Type</th>
		<th>Company</th>
		<th>Catalogue Number</th>
		<th>Comment</th>
		</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
		
<tr>
<td>Centrifuge</td>
<td>equipment</td>
<td>Beckman Coulter</td>
<td>424803</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Cobe 2991 Cell Processor</td>
<td>equipment</td>
<td>Gambro. BCT</td>
<td>2556</td>
<td>islet purification</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>MZ6 Inverted Microscopy TLBD4.1</td>
<td>equipment</td>
<td>Leica Diagnostic Instrument Co</td>
<td>4103</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Cell Culture Dish with 2 mm Grid</td>
<td>equipment</td>
<td>Nunc Brand Products</td>
<td>174926</td>
<td>islet counting</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Digital Sight DS L1</td>
<td>equipment</td>
<td>Nikon</td>
<td>217267</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>COBE bag</td>
<td>disposable equipment</td>
<td>O.R. Solution</td>
<td>66707003</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>T175 culture flask</td>
<td>disposable equipment</td>
<td>Sarstedt</td>
<td>83.1812.500</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>University of Wisconcin (UW) solution</td>
<td>reagent</td>
<td>DURAMED</td>
<td>1000-46-06</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Hank's Buffered Salt Solution (HBSS)</td>
<td>reagent</td>
<td>Mediatech Inc</td>
<td>99-597-CM</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Ficoll 1.100</td>
<td>reagent</td>
<td>Bichrom AG</td>
<td>L6155</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>M199 media (wash solution)</td>
<td>reagent</td>
<td>Mediatech Inc</td>
<td>99-784-CM</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Final wash/Culture Medium</td>
<td>reagent</td>
<td>Mediatech Inc</td>
<td>99-785-CV</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<tr>
<td>Dithizone</td>
<td>reagent</td>
<td>Sigma </td>
<td>D5130</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>		</tbody>
		</table>
		</div>

human pancreatic islet isolation: part ii: purification and culture of human islets

1型糖尿病の管理は、年間1,000億ドルで、個人と社会の両方に、厄介です。グルコースモニタリングと新しいインスリン製剤の普及にもかかわらず、多くの個人はまだ壊滅的な二次的合併症を開発する。膵島移植は、糖尿病患者における正常血糖コントロールの近くに復元することができます<sup&gt; 1</sup&gt;、集中的なインスリン療法に関連付けられている重篤な低血糖エピソードのリスクなし。十分な膵島質量を提供することに成功した膵島移植のために重要です。しかし、ドナーの特性、臓器の調達と保存には、分離結果に影響を及ぼす<sup&gt; 2</sup&gt;。イリノイ大学シカゴ校（UIC）で我々は改善された精製勾配で成功した分離プロトコルを開発<sup&gt; 3</sup&gt;。プログラムは、2004年1月に始まり、300以上のアイソレーションは、2008年11月までに実施された。膵臓は冷たい保存液（UW、ウィスコンシン州またはHTKの大学、ヒスチジン - トリプトファンケトグルタル酸）に送られ、<sup&gt; 4月7日</sup&gt;膵島分離のためのUICにおける細胞分離の研究室へ。膵島は、もともとRicordiの記載された方法を改変したものですUIC方法を、用いて単離された<em&gt;ら</em&gt;<sup&gt; 8</sup&gt;。第I部で説明したように：膵組織の消化やコレクション、人間の膵臓は、トリミングカニューレ、灌流、および消化した。コレクションとUW液のインキュベーションの少なくとも30分後、組織は浄化のために（COBE 2991年、COBE、レイクウッド、CO）細胞分離装置にロードされています<sup&gt; 3</sup&gt;。以下の精製、膵島の収量（膵島同等、IEQとして表される）、組織のボリューム、および純度は、標準的な方法にしたがって決定された<sup&gt; 9</sup&gt;。隔離された島はCMRL -​​ 1066 1.5パーセントヒトアルブミン、0.1％インスリン - トランスフェリン - セレン（ITS）、シプロフロキサシン、1M HEPES 5 mlの1mlの添加培地（Mediatech、ハーンドン、バ​​ージニア州）、および14.5 mlの培養した37 T175フラスコに7.5％重炭酸ナトリウム° C一晩培養膵島を移植または研究のために使用される前に。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Human Pancreatic Islet Isolation: Part II: Purification and Culture of Human Islets at JoVE.com

Human Pancreatic Islet Isolation: Part II: Purification and Culture of Human Islets

ヒト膵島の高品質と適切な量を達成することが成功した膵島移植のための著名な前提条件の一つです。修正された自動化された方法を使用して：このビデオでは、我々は人間の膵島の分離（ヒト膵島の精製と​​文化部II）の手順をステップバイステップで説明します。

人間の膵島単離：パートII：ヒト膵島の精製と​​文化

Management of Type 1 diabetes is burdensome, both to the individual and society, costing over 100 billion dollars annually. Despite the widespread use of ...

human-pancreatic-islet-isolation-part-ii-purification-culture-human

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

15.4K ビュー.  University of Illinois, Chicago. ヒト膵島の高品質と適切な量を達成することが成功した膵島移植のための著名な前提条件の一つです。修正された自動化された方法を使用して：このビデオでは、我々は人間の膵島の分離（ヒト膵島の精製と​​文化部II）の手順をステップバイステップで説明します。

ビデオ: Human Pancreatic Islet Isolation: Part II: Purification and Culture of Human Islets

Murine Pancreatic Islet Isolation

マウス膵島単離

生物学

Human Pancreatic Islet Isolation: Part I: Digestion and Collection of Pancreatic Tissue

Management of Type 1 diabetes is burdensome, both to the individual and society, costing over 100 billion dollars annually. Despite the widespread use of glucose monitoring and new insulin formulations, many individuals still develop devastating secondary complications. Pancreatic islet transplantation can restore near normal glucose control in diabetic patients 1, without the risk of serious hypoglycemic episodes that are associated with intensive insulin therapy. Providing sufficient islet mass is important for successful islet transplantation. However, donor characteristic, organ procurement and preservation affect the isolation outcome 2. At University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) we have developed a successful isolation protocol with an improved purification gradient 3. The program started in January 2004, and more than 300 isolations were performed up to November 2008. The pancreata were sent in cold preservation solutions (UW, University of Wisconsin or HTK, Histidine-Tryptophan Ketoglutarate) 4-7 to the Cell Isolation Laboratory at UIC for islet isolation. Pancreatic islets were isolated using the UIC method, which is a modified version of the method originally described by Ricordi et al 8. Briefly, after cleaning the pancreas from the surrounding tissue, it was perfused with enzyme solution (Serva Collagenase + Neutral Protease or Sigma V enzyme). The distended pancreas was then transferred to the Ricordi digestion chamber, connected to a modified, closed circulation tubing system, and warmed up to 37&deg;C. During the digestion, the chamber was shaken gently. Samples were taken continuously to monitor the digestion progress. Once free islets were detected under the microscope, the digestion was stopped by flushing cold (4&deg;C) RPMI dilution solution (Mediatech, Herndon, VA) into the circulation system to dilute the enzyme. After being collected and washed in M199 media supplemented with human albumin, the tissue was sampled for pre-purification count and incubated with UW solution before purification. Purification process will be described in Part II: Purification and Culture of Human Islets.

Achieving high quality and appropriate quantity of human islets is one of the prominent prerequisites for successful islet transplantation. In this video, we describe step by step the procedures for human pancreatic islet isolation (part I: digestion and collection of pancreatic tissue) using a modified automated method.

人間の膵島単離：パートI：膵組織の消化とコレクション

Isolation of Stem Cells from Human Pancreatic Cancer Xenografts

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified in a growing number of malignancies and are functionally defined by their ability to undergo self-renewal and produce differentiated progeny1. These properties allow CSCs to recapitulate the original tumor when injected into immunocompromised mice. CSCs within an epithelial malignancy were first described in breast cancer and found to display specific cell surface antigen expression (CD44+CD24low/-)2. Since then, CSCs have been identified in an increasing number of other human malignancies using CD44 and CD24 as well as a number of other surface antigens. Physiologic properties, including aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, have also been used to isolate CSCs from malignant tissues3-5.
Recently, we and others identified CSCs from pancreatic adenocarcinoma based on
ALDH activity and the expression of the cell surface antigens CD44 and CD24, and CD1336-8. These highly tumorigenic populations may or may not be overlapping and display other functions. We found that ALDH+ and CD44+CD24+ pancreatic CSCs are similarly tumorigenic, but ALDH+ cells are relatively more invasive8. In this protocol we describe a method to isolate viable pancreatic CSCs from low-passage human
xenografts9. Xenografted tumors are harvested from mice and made into a single-cell suspension. Tissue debris and dead cells are separated from live cells and then stained using antibodies against CD44 and CD24 and using the ALDEFLUOR reagent,
a fluorescent substrate of ALDH10. CSCs are then isolated by fluorescence activated cell sorting. Isolated CSCs can then be used for analytical or functional assays requiring viable cells.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified in a number of malignancies. In this protocol we describe a flow cytometric method utilizing aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and CD44 and CD24 expression to isolate CSCs from human pancreatic adenocarcinoma xenografts. These viable cells can then be used in functional and analytical studies.

ヒト膵臓癌異種移植片由来の幹細胞の分離

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified in a growing number of malignancies and are functionally defined by their ability to undergo self-renewal ...

Isolation and Culture of Adult Epithelial Stem Cells from Human Skin

The homeostasis of all self-renewing tissues is dependent on adult stem cells. As undifferentiated stem cells undergo asymmetric divisions, they generate daughter cells that retain the stem cell phenotype and transit-amplifying cells (TA cells) that migrate from the stem cell niche, undergo rapid proliferation and terminally differentiate to repopulate the tissue.
Epithelial stem cells have been identified in the epidermis, hair follicle, and intestine as cells with a high in vitro proliferative potential and as slow-cycling label-retaining cells in vivo 1-3. Adult, tissue-specific stem cells are responsible for the regeneration of the tissues in which they reside during normal physiologic turnover as well as during times of stress 4-5. Moreover, stem cells are generally considered to be multi-potent, possessing the capacity to give rise to multiple cell types within the tissue 6. For example, rodent hair follicle stem cells can generate epidermis, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles 7-9. We have shown that stem cells from the human hair follicle bulge region exhibit multi-potentiality 10.
Stem cells have become a valuable tool in biomedical research, due to their utility as an in vitro system for studying developmental biology, differentiation, tumorigenesis and for their possible therapeutic utility. It is likely that adult epithelial stem cells will be useful in the treatment of diseases such as ectodermal dysplasias, monilethrix, Netherton syndrome, Menkes disease, hereditary epidermolysis bullosa and alopecias 11-13. Additionally, other skin problems such as burn wounds, chronic wounds and ulcers will benefit from stem cell related therapies 14,15. Given the potential for reprogramming of adult cells into a pluripotent state (iPS cells)16,17, the readily accessible and expandable adult stem cells in human skin may provide a valuable source of cells for induction and downstream therapy for a wide range of disease including diabetes and Parkinson's disease.

A rapid, robust way of isolating viable adult epithelial stem cells from human skin is described. The method utilizes enzymatic digestion of skin collagen matrix , followed by plucking of hair follicles and isolation of single cell suspensions or tissue fragments for cell culture.

ヒト皮膚から大人上皮幹細胞の単離と培養

The homeostasis of all self-renewing tissues is dependent on adult stem cells. As undifferentiated stem cells undergo asymmetric divisions, they generate ...

A Method for Mouse Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Intracellular cAMP Determination

Uncontrolled glycemia is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus and promotes morbidities like neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. With the increasing prevalence of diabetes, both immune-mediated type 1 and obesity-linked type 2, studies aimed at delineating diabetes pathophysiology and therapeutic mechanisms are of critical importance. The &#946;-cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans are responsible for appropriately secreting insulin in response to elevated blood glucose concentrations. In addition to glucose and other nutrients, the &#946;-cells are also stimulated by specific hormones, termed incretins, which are secreted from the gut in response to a meal and act on &#946;-cell receptors that increase the production of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Decreased &#946;-cell function, mass, and incretin responsiveness are well-understood to contribute to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, and are also being increasingly linked with type 1 diabetes. The present mouse islet isolation and cAMP determination protocol can be a tool to help delineate mechanisms promoting disease progression and therapeutic interventions, particularly those that are mediated by the incretin receptors or related receptors that act through modulation of intracellular cAMP production. While only cAMP measurements will be described, the described islet isolation protocol creates a clean preparation that also allows for many other downstream applications, including glucose stimulated insulin secretion, [3H]-thymidine incorporation, protein abundance, and mRNA expression.

Assaying in vitro &#946;-cell function using isolated mouse islets of Langerhans is an important component in the study of diabetes pathophysiology and therapeutics. While many&#160;downstream applications are available, this protocol specifically describes the measurement of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) as an essential parameter determining &#946;-cell function.

マウス膵島の単離と細胞内cAMP測定法

Uncontrolled glycemia is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus and promotes morbidities like neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. With the increasing ...

Isolation and Culture of Mouse Primary Pancreatic Acinar Cells

This protocol permits rapid isolation (in less than 1 hr) of murine pancreatic acini, making it possible to maintain them in culture for more than one week. More than 20 x 106 acinar cells can be obtained from a single murine pancreas. This protocol offers the possibility to independently process as many as 10 pancreases in parallel. Because it preserves acinar architecture, this model is well suited for studying the physiology of the exocrine pancreas in vitro in contrast to cell lines established from pancreatic tumors, which display many genetic alterations resulting in partial or total loss of their acinar differentiation.

In this publication, we describe a rapid and convenient procedure for isolating and culturing primary pancreatic acinar cells from the murine pancreas. This method constitutes a valuable approach to study the physiology of fresh primary normal/untransformed exocrine pancreatic cells.

マウスプライマリ膵臓腺房細胞の単離と培養

This protocol permits rapid isolation (in less than 1 hr) of murine pancreatic acini, making it possible to maintain them in culture for more than one ...

Efficient Production and Purification of Recombinant Murine Kindlin-3 from Insect Cells for Biophysical Studies

Kindlins are essential coactivators, with talin, of the cell surface receptors&#160;integrins and also participate in integrin outside-in signalling, and the control of gene transcription in the cell nucleus. The kindlins are ~75 kDa multidomain proteins and bind to an NPxY motif and upstream T/S cluster of the integrin &#946;-subunit cytoplasmic tail. The hematopoietically-important kindlin isoform, kindlin-3, is critical for platelet aggregation during thrombus formation, leukocyte rolling in response to infection and inflammation and osteoclast podocyte formation in bone resorption. Kindlin-3&#39;s role in these processes has resulted in extensive cellular and physiological studies. However, there is a need for an efficient method of acquiring high quality milligram quantities of the protein for further studies. We have developed a protocol, here described, for the efficient expression and purification of recombinant murine kindlin-3 by use of a baculovirus-driven expression system in Sf9 cells yielding sufficient amounts of high purity full-length protein to allow its biophysical characterization. The same approach could be taken in the study of the other mammalian kindlin isoforms.

Kindlins are fundamental to cell adhesion through integrins but studies of them have been hampered by the difficulty encountered in expressing them recombinantly in bacterial hosts. We describe here methods for their efficient production in baculovirus-infected insect cells.

生物物理学研究のための昆虫細胞からの効率的な生産と組換えマウスKindlin-3の精製

Kindlins are essential coactivators, with talin, of the cell surface receptors&#160;integrins and also participate in integrin outside-in signalling, and ...

Ex vivo Culture of Mouse Embryonic Skin and Live-imaging of Melanoblast Migration

Melanoblasts are the neural crest derived precursors of melanocytes; the cells responsible for producing the pigment in skin and hair. Melanoblasts migrate through the epidermis of the embryo where they subsequently colonize the developing hair follicles1,2. Neural crest cell migration is extensively studied in vitro but in vivo methods are still not well developed, especially in mammalian systems. One alternative is to use ex vivo organotypic culture3-6. Culture of mouse embryonic skin requires the maintenance of an air-liquid interface (ALI) across the surface of the tissue3,6. High resolution live-imaging of mouse embryonic skin has been hampered by the lack of a good method that not only maintains this ALI but also allows the culture to be inverted and therefore compatible with short working distance objective lenses and most confocal microscopes. This article describes recent improvements to a method that uses a gas permeable membrane to overcome these problems and allow high-resolution confocal imaging of embryonic skin in ex vivo culture6. By using a melanoblast specific Cre-recombinase expressing mouse line combined with the R26YFPR reporter line we are able to fluorescently label the melanoblast population within these skin cultures. The technique allows live-imaging of melanoblasts and observation of their behavior and interactions with the tissue in which they develop. Representative results are included to demonstrate the capability to live-image 6&#160;cultures in parallel.

Ex vivo Culture of Mouse Embryonic Skin and Live-imaging of Melanoblast Migration

We describe the dissection and ex vivo culture of mouse embryonic skin. The culture system maintains an air-liquid interface across the tissue surface and allows imaging on an inverted microscope. Melanoblasts, a component of the developing skin, are fluorescently labeled allowing their behavior to be observed using confocal microscopy.

ex vivoで培養マウス胚の皮膚およびメラノブラストの移行のライブイメージング

Melanoblasts are the neural crest derived precursors of melanocytes; the cells responsible for producing the pigment in skin and hair. Melanoblasts ...

A Simple High Efficiency Protocol for Pancreatic Islet Isolation from Mice

Pancreatic islets, also called the Islets of Langerhans, are a cluster of endocrine cells which produces hormones for glucose regulation and other important biological functions. The islets primarily consist of five types of hormone-secreting cells: &#945; cells secrete glucagon, &#946; cells secrete insulin, &#948; cells secrete somatostatin, &#949; cells secrete ghrelin, and PP cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide. Sixty to 80% of the cells in the islets are &#946; cells, which are the most important cell population to study insulin secretion. Pancreatic islets are a crucial model system to study ex vivo insulin secretion. Acquiring high quality islets is of great importance for diabetes research. Most islet isolation procedures require technically difficult to access site of collagenase injection, harsh and complex digestion procedures, and multiple density gradient purification steps. This paper features a simple high yield mouse islet isolation method with detailed descriptions and realistic demonstrations, showing the following specific steps: 1) injection of collagenase P at the ampulla of Vater, a small area joining the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct, 2) enzymatic digestion and mechanical separation of the exocrine pancreas, and 3) a single gradient purification step. The advantages of this method are the injection of digestive enzyme using the more accessible ampulla of Vater, more complete digestion using combination of enzymatic and mechanical approaches, and a simpler single gradient purification step. This protocol produces approximately 250&#8212;350 islets per mouse; and islets are suitable for various ex vivo studies. Possible caveats of this procedure are potentially damaged islets due to enzymatic digestion and/or prolonged gradient incubation, all of which can be largely avoided by careful ad justification of incubation time.

This islet isolation protocol described a novel route of collagenase injection to digest the exocrine tissue and a simplified gradient procedure to purify the islets from mice. It involves enzymatic digestion, gradient separation/purification, and islet hand-picking. Successful isolation can yield 250&#8211;350 high quality and fully functional islets per mouse.

マウスからの膵島分離のための簡単な高効率プロトコル

Pancreatic islets, also called the Islets of Langerhans, are a cluster of endocrine cells which produces hormones for glucose regulation and other ...

Isolation and Enrichment of Human Lung Epithelial Progenitor Cells for Organoid Culture

Epithelial organoid models serve as valuable tools to study the basic biology of an organ system and for disease modeling. When grown as organoids, epithelial progenitor cells can self-renew and generate differentiating progeny that exhibit cellular functions similar to those of their in vivo counterparts. Herein we describe a step-by-step protocol to isolate region-specific progenitors from human lung and generate 3D organoid cultures as an experimental and validation tool. We define proximal and distal regions of the lung with the goal of isolating region-specific progenitor cells. We utilized a combination of enzymatic and mechanical dissociation to isolate total cells from the lung and trachea. Specific progenitor cells were then fractionated from the proximal or distal origin cells using fluorescence associated cell sorting (FACS) based on cell type-specific surface markers, such as NGFR&#160;for sorting basal cells and HTII-280 for sorting alveolar type II cells. Isolated basal or alveolar type II progenitors were used to generate 3D organoid cultures. Both distal and proximal progenitors formed organoids with a colony forming efficiency of 9-13% in distal region and 7-10% in proximal region when plated 5000 cell/well on day 30. Distal organoids maintained HTII-280+ alveolar type II cells in culture whereas proximal organoids differentiated into ciliated and secretory cells by day 30. These 3D organoid cultures can be used as an experimental tool for studying the cell biology of lung epithelium and epithelial mesenchymal interactions, as well as for the development and validation of therapeutic strategies targeting epithelial dysfunction in a disease.

This article provides a detailed methodology for tissue dissociation and cellular fractionation approaches allowing enrichment of viable epithelial cells from proximal and distal regions of the human lung. Herein these approaches are applied for the functional analysis of lung epithelial progenitor cells through the use of 3D organoids culture models.

オルガノイド培養のためのヒト肺上皮前駆細胞の単離と濃縮

Epithelial organoid models serve as valuable tools to study the basic biology of an organ system and for disease modeling. When grown as organoids, ...

人間の膵島単離：パートII：ヒト膵島の精製と​​文化

人間の膵島単離：パートII：ヒト膵島の精製と文化