Name: phthalic acid ester-binding dna aptamer selection, characterization, and application to an electrochemical aptasensor
Uploaded: 2018-03-21T12:30:00.000+00:00
Duration: 9 min 33 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Phthalic Acid Ester-Binding DNA Aptamer Selection, Characterization, and Application to an Electrochemical Aptasensor at JoVE.com

国家自然科学基金 (21675112)、北京教育委員会 (KZ201710028027) と燕若い学者プログラムの首都師範大学の科学技術計画のキー プロジェクトから財政支援に感謝しております。

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著者は競争の経済的利害関係を宣言しません。

アプタマーの顕著な利点の 1 つは抗体が生体内で免疫反応を介して生成された SELEX、体外法によって識別されます。したがって、アプタマーは抗体が生理的条件に限定しているに対し、適切に設計された実験条件下で目的のターゲット特異性と選択できます。
無料シーケンスからバインドされたシーケンスの分離を容易にするいくつかの変更された SELEX 最?...

急速な経済発展に伴って、工業化と都市建設公害の加速は今までよりもより厳しいです。代表的な環境汚染物質は、重金属、毒素、抗生物質、農薬、内分泌攪乱物質、残留性有機汚染物質 (POPs) に含まれます。金属イオンおよび毒素のほか他の汚染物質が低分子化合物がかなり多くの場合は、同族の様々 な。たとえば、最も有毒なポップス、ポリ塩化ビフェニル (Pcb)、多環芳香族炭化水素 (PAHs)、ポリ臭化ビフェニル エーテル (PBDEs)、ポリ塩化ジベンゾ-p-ジオキシン (ダイオキシン類)、ポリ塩化ジベンゾ フラン (濃度)、フタル酸と酸エステル (パエス)1、2、すべて多くの同族体から成っています。小分子の検出は、アプリケーション3,4,5,6の多様性のためのクロマトグラフィー/質量分析法を用いたテクニックで主に行われています。オンサイト検出の抗体を用いた方法は最近開発された7,8,9をされています。ただし、これらのメソッドは特定の同族体に非常に特有なので、複数のテストを実行する必要があります。深刻なは新規の同族が非常に高速にその抗体を生成できないことを成長します。したがって、1 つのテストですべての同族体のレベルの合計を監視するグループ固有のバイオ センサーの開発は環境汚染状況を評価するため非常に貴重な指標を提供可能性があります。
最近、核酸アプタマーは広く様々 なイオンと蛋白質と細胞10,11 小分子化合物からのターゲットを認識の彼らの能力のための様々 なバイオセンシング プラットフォームの認識要素として適用されています。 ,12。アプタマーは、指数関数的濃縮 (SELEX)13,14によって配位子の系統進化と呼ばれる体外法によって識別されます。SELEX から始まるランダム合成一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド ライブラリは、約 10 の14-1015シーケンスが含まれています。ランダムなライブラリのサイズは、RNA または DNA 候補構造の多様性を保証します。SELEX の典型的なプロセスは、ライブラリが高い親和性と特異性をターゲットのシーケンスで濃縮されてまで濃縮の複数のラウンドで構成されます。最終的な豊かなプールがシーケンスをサポートしと解離定数 (Kd) と妨害物質などさまざまな手法によって決定されます潜在的な選択性フィルター、アフィニ ティー ・ クロマトグラフィー、表面のバインディングプラズモン共鳴 (SPR)、等。15
非常に貧しい人々 の水の溶解度と表面固定化機能群の不足、Pop のアプタマー選択は理論的に難しい。SELEX にとって重要な進歩がアプタマーの探索を高速化します。しかし、Pop のグループ固有のアプタマーの選択はまだ報告されていません。これまでのところ、特定の同族体の高度だけ基板結合 DNA アプタマーの探索は、識別された16をされています。パエスはポリ塩化ビニール材料、硬質プラスチックから、弾塑性解析、可塑剤として作用するポリ塩化ビニルを変更することで主に使用されます。いくつかのパエス内分泌かく乱物質として識別されている、深刻な損傷を引き起こすことができる肝臓と腎臓機能、男性の精子の運動性の軽減、精子形態の異常および精巣癌17があります。化合物 - もグループ固有 PAE バインディング アプタマーが報告されています。
この作業の目的は、ポップスの代表的なグループ ・ パエスといった高疎水性の小さな分子に DNA アプタマーの探索グループ特定を選択するための代表的なプロトコルを提供するためにです。また環境汚染検出のため選択したアプタマーのアプリケーションを示します。このプロトコルは、他の疎水性小分子のアプタマー探索の指導と洞察力を提供します。

<table><tbody><tr><td>UV-2550</td><td>Shimadzu,Japan</td><td></td><td>protocol, section 3.8.2</td></tr><tr><td>DNA Engnine Thermal cycler,PTC0200</td><td>BIO-RAD</td><td></td><td>section 3.5.1.2 and 3.5.2</td></tr><tr><td>C1000 Touch</td><td>BIO-RAD</td><td></td><td>section 5.3.6 and 6.3</td></tr><tr><td>VMP3 multichannel potentiostat</td><td>Bio-Logic Science, Claix, France</td><td></td><td>section 7.4,7.8 and 7.11</td></tr><tr><td>Epoxy-activated Sepharose 6B</td><td>GE Healthcare (Piscataway, NJ, USA)</td><td>10220020</td><td>argarose beads, section 2.3 and 3.3</td></tr><tr><td>Dynabeads M-270 carboxylic acid magnetic beads</td><td>Invitrogen, USA</td><td>420420</td><td>magnetic beads,section 5.2. and 5.3</td></tr><tr><td>Premix Taq Hot Start Version</td><td>Takara,Dalian,China</td><td>R028A</td><td>polymerase, section 3.5.1.1</td></tr><tr><td>PARAFILM Sealing Membrane</td><td>Bemis, USA</td><td>PM-996</td><td>section 3.6.5</td></tr><tr><td>Lambda Exonuclease</td><td>Invitrogen, USA</td><td>EN0561</td><td>section3.7.1.2.The 10 &amp;times; reaction buffer is provided along with &amp;lambda; exonuclease by the provider.</td></tr><tr><td>Dr. GenTLE&lt;br/&gt; Precipitation Carrier</td><td>Takara,Dalian,China</td><td>9094</td><td>section 3.6.2 and 3.8.1</td></tr><tr><td>UNIQ-10 PAGE DNA recovery kit</td><td>Sangon Biotech (Shanghai)</td><td>B511135</td><td>section 4.2</td></tr><tr><td>SYBR Gold nucleic acid gel stain</td><td>Invitrogen, USA</td><td>1811838</td><td>nucelic acid stain dye, section 3.5.1.5</td></tr><tr><td>SYBR Premix Ex Taq II</td><td>Takara,Dalian,China</td><td>RR820A</td><td>polymerase mix contaning polymerase and dNTPs, section 5.3.5</td></tr><tr><td>2-(N-Morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES)</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>CAS: 1132-61-2</td><td>section 5.2.1</td></tr><tr><td>1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC)</td><td>Invitrogen, USA</td><td>CAS: 25952-53-8</td><td>section 5.2.2</td></tr><tr><td>N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>6066-82-6</td><td>section 5.2.3</td></tr><tr><td>mercaptohexanol (MCH)</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>CAS: 1633-78-9</td><td>section 7.7</td></tr><tr><td>Gold electrode</td><td>Shanghai Chenhua</td><td>CHI101</td><td>section 7.4. - 7.11</td></tr><tr><td>tris(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP)</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>CAS: 51805-45-9</td><td>section 7.5</td></tr><tr><td>O-(2-Mercaptoethyl)-O&#039;-methyl-hexa-(ethylene glycol)</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>CAS: 651042-82-9</td><td>section 7.7</td></tr><tr><td>diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP)</td><td>National Institute of Metrology, China</td><td>CAS: 117-81-7</td><td>section 7.11</td></tr><tr><td>Tween 20</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>CAS: 9005-64-5</td><td>polyoxyethy-lene(20) sorbaitan monolaurate</td></tr><tr><td>Triton X-100</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>CAS: 9002-93-1</td><td>non-ionic surface active agent</td></tr><tr><td>PBS</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>P5368</td><td>10 mM phosphate buffer containing 1 M NaCl, pH 7.4</td></tr></tbody></table>

phthalic acid ester-binding dna aptamer selection, characterization, and application to an electrochemical aptasensor

フタル酸エステル (パエス) は残留性有機汚染物質の主要なグループの一人。・ パエスのグループ固有の検出が同族体の急速な成長のために望ましい。DNA アプタマーは、ますますバイオ センサー プラットフォーム上の認識要素として適用されているが、パエスなどの高い疎水性小分子目標に向かって選択するアプタマーはほとんど報告します。この作業では、・ パエスに DNA アプタマーの探索グループ特定を選択するように設計ビーズ法について説明します。アミノ基修飾フタル酸ジブチル (DBP NH2) アンカー ターゲットを合成し、エポキシ活性化アガロース ビーズに固定化した、固定マトリックスの表面でフタル酸エステルのグループの表示を許可してしたがって、グループ固有のバインダーの選択。我々 は、磁気分離と結合の定量的重合連鎖反応によるアプタマー候補の解離定数を決定しました。相対的な親和性と選択性他のパエスにアプタマーの競争の試金によって定められた磁気ビーズを添付アプタマー候補あった DBP NH2限定事前どこと培養上清にリリーステスト ・ パエスまたは他の潜在的な妨害物質。競争の試金は、表面固定化のための機能グループがなかった・ パエスの安易な親和性の比較を提供されるために適用しました。最後に、我々 は電気化学 aptasensor の作製を実証し、bis(2-ethylhexyl) フタル酸の超高感度かつ選択的な検出のためにそれを使用します。このプロトコルは、他の疎水性小分子のアプタマー探索の洞察力を提供します。

私たちは設計・ アンカー ターゲット (図 1 階) として、アミノ基修飾フタル酸ジブチル (DBP NH2) を合成します。・ パエス DBP NH2を使用してアンカー ターゲットとして、次の古典的なターゲット固定ベース メソッド (図 2) の DNA アプタマーの選択を行った。各ラウンドでパイロットの PCR は PCR (<strong class="xfig...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Phthalic Acid Ester-Binding DNA Aptamer Selection, Characterization, and Application to an Electrochemical Aptasensor at JoVE.com

Phthalic Acid Ester-Binding DNA Aptamer Selection, Characterization, and Application to an Electrochemical Aptasensor

生体外の選択グループ特定フタル酸エステル結合 DNA アプタマーのキャラクタリゼーションのためのプロトコルが表示されます。電気化学 aptasensor で選択したアプタマーのアプリケーションが含まれています。

フタル酸エステル結合 DNA アプタマーの選択、評価、および電気化学 Aptasensor への応用

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) areone of the major groups of persistent organic pollutants. The group-specific detection of PAEs is highly desired due to the ...

phthalic-acid-ester-binding-dna-aptamer-selection-characterization

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

9.8K ビュー.  Capital Normal University. 生体外の選択グループ特定フタル酸エステル結合 DNA アプタマーのキャラクタリゼーションのためのプロトコルが表示されます。電気化学 aptasensor で選択したアプタマーのアプリケーションが含まれています。

ビデオ: Phthalic Acid Ester-Binding DNA Aptamer Selection, Characterization, and Application to an Electrochemical Aptasensor

Fabrication of Electrochemical-DNA Biosensors for the Reagentless Detection of Nucleic Acids, Proteins and Small Molecules

As medicine is currently practiced, doctors send specimens to a central laboratory for testing and thus must wait hours or days to 
receive the results. Many patients would be better served by rapid, bedside tests. To this end our laboratory and others have developed a versatile, reagentless 
biosensor platform that supports the quantitative, reagentless, electrochemical detection of nucleic acids (DNA, RNA), proteins (including antibodies) and small 
molecules analytes directly in unprocessed clinical and environmental samples. In this video, we demonstrate the preparation and use of several biosensors in this 
"E-DNA" class. In particular, we fabricate and demonstrate sensors for the detection of a target DNA sequence in a polymerase chain reaction mixture, an HIV-specific antibody and the drug cocaine. The preparation procedure requires only three hours of hands-on effort followed by an overnight incubation, and their use requires only minutes.

"E-DNA" sensors, reagentless, electrochemical biosensors that perform well even when challenged directly in blood and other complex matrices, have been adapted to the detection of a wide range of nucleic acid, protein and small molecule analytes. Here we present a general procedure for the fabrication and use of such sensors.

核酸、タンパク質と低分子のReagentless検出用電気化学DNAバイオセンサーの作製

As medicine is currently practiced, doctors send specimens to a central laboratory for testing and thus must wait hours or days to 
receive the results. ...

生物工学

Mapping the Binding Site of an Aptamer on ATP Using MicroScale Thermophoresis

Characterization of molecular interactions in terms of basic binding parameters such as binding affinity, stoichiometry, and thermodynamics is an essential step in basic and applied science. MicroScale Thermophoresis (MST) is a sensitive biophysical method to obtain this important information. Relying on a physical effect called thermophoresis, which describes the movement of molecules through temperature gradients, this technology allows for the fast and precise determination of binding parameters in solution and allows the free choice of buffer conditions (from buffer to lysates/sera). MST uses the fact that an unbound molecule displays a different thermophoretic movement than a molecule that is in complex with a binding partner. The thermophoretic movement is altered in the moment of molecular interaction due to changes in size, charge, and hydration shell. By comparing the movement profiles of different molecular ratios of the two binding partners, quantitative information such as binding affinity (pM to mM) can be determined. Even challenging interactions between molecules of small sizes, such as aptamers and small compounds, can be studied by MST. Using the well-studied model interaction between the DH25.42 DNA aptamer and ATP, this manuscript provides a protocol to characterize aptamer-small molecule interactions. This study demonstrates that MST is highly sensitive and permits the mapping of the binding site of the 7.9 kDa DNA aptamer to the adenine of ATP.

MicroScale Thermophoresis (MST) is a sensitive technology to characterize aptamer-target interactions. This manuscript describes an MST protocol to characterize aptamer-small molecule interactions.

マイクロスケールの熱泳動を使用してATPのアプタマーの結合部位のマッピング

Characterization of molecular interactions in terms of basic binding parameters such as binding affinity, stoichiometry, and thermodynamics is an ...

生化学

Bacterial Detection &amp; Identification Using Electrochemical Sensors

Electrochemical sensors are widely used for rapid and accurate measurement of blood glucose and can be adapted for detection of a wide variety of analytes. Electrochemical sensors operate by transducing a biological recognition event into a useful electrical signal. Signal transduction occurs by coupling the activity of a redox enzyme to an amperometric electrode. Sensor specificity is either an inherent characteristic of the enzyme, glucose oxidase in the case of a glucose sensor, or a product of linkage between the enzyme and an antibody or probe.
Here, we describe an electrochemical sensor assay method to directly detect and identify bacteria. In every case, the probes described here are DNA oligonucleotides. This method is based on sandwich hybridization of capture and detector probes with target ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The capture probe is anchored to the sensor surface, while the detector probe is linked to horseradish peroxidase (HRP). When a substrate such as 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) is added to an electrode with capture-target-detector complexes bound to its surface, the substrate is oxidized by HRP and reduced by the working electrode. This redox cycle results in shuttling of electrons by the substrate from the electrode to HRP, producing current flow in the electrode.

Bacterial Detection & Identification Using Electrochemical Sensors

We describe an electrochemical sensor assay method for rapid bacterial detection and identification. The assay involves a sensor array functionalized with DNA oligonucleotide capture probes for ribosomal RNA (rRNA) species-specific sequences. Sandwich hybridization of target rRNA with the capture probe and a horseradish peroxidase-linked DNA oligonucleotide detector probe produces a measurable amperometric current.

電気化学センサを用いた細菌検出＆識別

Electrochemical  sensors are widely used for rapid and accurate measurement of blood glucose and  can be adapted for detection of a wide variety of ...

Electronic Tongue Generating Continuous Recognition Patterns for Protein Analysis

In current protocol, a combinatorial approach has been developed to simplify the design and production of sensing materials for the construction of electronic tongues (eT) for protein analysis. By mixing a small number of simple and easily accessible molecules with different physicochemical properties, used as building blocks (BBs), in varying and controlled proportions and allowing the mixtures to self-assemble on the gold surface of a prism, an array of combinatorial surfaces featuring appropriate properties for protein sensing was created. In this way, a great number of cross-reactive receptors can be rapidly and efficiently obtained. By combining such an array of combinatorial cross-reactive receptors (CoCRRs) with an optical detection system such as surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi), the obtained eT can monitor the binding events in real-time and generate continuous recognition patterns including 2D continuous evolution profile (CEP) and 3D continuous evolution landscape (CEL) for samples in liquid. Such an eT system is efficient for discrimination of common purified proteins.

A novel approach is described for construction of electronic tongue (eT), which greatly simplifies the design and production of sensing materials, and allows the eT to generate continuous evolution profiles and landscapes for samples in liquid. The obtained eT is efficient for common protein analysis such as discrimination.

タンパク質分析のための継続的な認識パターンを生成する電子舌

In current protocol, a combinatorial approach has been developed to simplify the design and production of sensing materials for the construction of ...

Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes

Nucleases are a class of enzymes that break down nucleic acids by catalyzing the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bonds that link the ribose sugars. Nucleases display a variety of vital physiological roles in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, ranging from maintaining genome stability to providing protection against pathogens. Altered nuclease activity has been associated with several pathological conditions including bacterial infections and cancer. To this end, nuclease activity has shown great potential to be exploited as a specific biomarker. However, a robust and reproducible screening method based on this activity remains highly desirable.
Herein, we introduce a method that enables screening for nuclease activity using nucleic acid probes as substrates, with the scope of differentiating between pathological and healthy conditions. This method offers the possibility of designing new probe libraries, with increasing specificity, in an iterative manner. Thus, multiple rounds of screening are necessary to refine the probes&#39; design with enhanced features, taking advantage of the availability of chemically modified nucleic acids. The considerable potential of the proposed technology lies in its flexibility, high reproducibility, and versatility for the screening of nuclease activity associated with disease conditions. It is expected that this technology will allow the development of promising diagnostic tools with a great potential in the clinic.

Altered nuclease activity has been associated with different human conditions, underlying its potential as a biomarker. The modular and easy to implement screening methodology presented in this paper allows the selection of specific nucleic acid probes for harnessing nuclease activity as a biomarker of disease.

核酸プローブを用いたヌクレアーゼ活性の運動スクリーニング

Nucleases are a class of enzymes that break down nucleic acids by catalyzing the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bonds that link the ribose sugars. ...

Primer-Free Aptamer Selection Using A Random DNA Library

Aptamers are highly structured oligonucleotides (DNA or RNA) that can bind to targets with affinities comparable to antibodies 1. They are identified through an in vitro selection process called Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX) to recognize a wide variety of targets, from small molecules to proteins and other macromolecules 2-4. Aptamers have properties that are well suited for in vivo diagnostic and/or therapeutic applications: Besides good specificity and affinity, they are easily synthesized, survive more rigorous processing conditions, they are poorly immunogenic, and their relatively small size can result in facile penetration of tissues.
Aptamers that are identified through the standard SELEX process usually comprise ~80 nucleotides (nt), since they are typically selected from nucleic acid libraries with ~40 nt long randomized regions plus fixed primer sites of ~20 nt on each side. The fixed primer sequences thus can comprise nearly ~50% of the library sequences, and therefore may positively or negatively compromise identification of aptamers in the selection process 3, although bioinformatics approaches suggest that the fixed sequences do not contribute significantly to aptamer structure after selection 5. To address these potential problems, primer sequences have been blocked by complementary oligonucleotides or switched to different sequences midway during the rounds of SELEX 6, or they have been trimmed to 6-9 nt 7, 8. Wen and Gray 9 designed a primer-free genomic SELEX method, in which the primer sequences were completely removed from the library before selection and were then regenerated to allow amplification of the selected genomic fragments. However, to employ the technique, a unique genomic library has to be constructed, which possesses limited diversity, and regeneration after rounds of selection relies on a linear reamplification step. Alternatively, efforts to circumvent problems caused by fixed primer sequences using high efficiency partitioning are met with problems regarding PCR amplification 10.
We have developed a primer-free (PF) selection method that significantly simplifies SELEX procedures and effectively eliminates primer-interference problems 11, 12. The protocols work in a straightforward manner. The central random region of the library is purified without extraneous flanking sequences and is bound to a suitable target (for example to a purified protein or complex mixtures such as cell lines). Then the bound sequences are obtained, reunited with flanking sequences, and re-amplified to generate selected sub-libraries. As an example, here we selected aptamers to S100B, a protein marker for melanoma. Binding assays showed Kd s in the 10-7 - 10-8 M range after a few rounds of selection, and we demonstrate that the aptamers function effectively in a sandwich binding format.

SELEX protocols comprise multiple rounds of selection, each of which require regeneration of bound ligands, which in turn require fixed primer sequences flanking the random library regions. These fixed primer sequences can interfere with the selection process (false positives and negatives). Here we present a primer-free protocol.

ランダムDNAライブラリーを使用するプライマーフリーアプタマーの選択

Aptamers are highly structured oligonucleotides (DNA or RNA) that can bind to targets with affinities comparable to antibodies 1. They are identified ...

生物学

Determining the Thermodynamic and Kinetic Association of a DNA Aptamer and Tetracycline Using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry

The determination of binding affinity and behavior between an aptamer and its target is the most crucial step in selecting and using an aptamer for application. Due to the drastic differences between the aptamer and small molecules, scientists need to put much effort into characterizing their binding properties. Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) is a powerful approach for this purpose. ITC goes beyond determining disassociation constants (Kd) and can provide the enthalpy changes and binding stoichiometry of the interaction between two molecules in the solution phase. This approach conducts continuous titration using label-free molecules and records released heat over time upon the binding events produced by each titration, so the process can sensitively measure the binding between macromolecules and their small targets. Herein, the article introduces a step-by-step procedure of the ITC measurement of a selected aptamer with a small target, tetracycline. This example proves the versatility of the technique and its potential for other applications.

The present protocol describes the use of Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) to analyze the association and dissociation kinetics of the binding between a DNA aptamer and tetracycline, including sample preparation, running standards and samples, and interpreting the resulting data.

等温滴定熱量測定を用いたDNAアプタマーとテトラサイクリンの熱力学的および速度論的会合の決定(英語)

The determination of binding affinity and behavior between an aptamer and its target is the most crucial step in selecting and using an aptamer for ...

Development of an Electrochemical DNA Biosensor to Detect a Foodborne Pathogen

Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) is a common foodborne pathogen that contributes to a large proportion of public health problems globally, significantly affecting the rate of human mortality and morbidity. Conventional methods for the detection of V. parahaemolyticus such as culture-based methods, immunological assays, and molecular-based methods require complicated sample handling and are time-consuming, tedious, and costly. Recently, biosensors have proven to be a promising and comprehensive detection method with the advantages of fast detection, cost-effectiveness, and practicality. This research focuses on developing a rapid method of detecting V. parahaemolyticus with high selectivity and sensitivity using the principles of DNA hybridization. In the work, characterization of synthesized polylactic acid-stabilized gold nanoparticles (PLA-AuNPs) was achieved using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Field-emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). We also carried out further testing of stability, sensitivity, and reproducibility of the PLA-AuNPs. We found that the PLA-AuNPs formed a sound structure of stabilized nanoparticles in aqueous solution. We also observed that the sensitivity improved as a result of the smaller charge transfer resistance (Rct) value and an increase of active surface area (0.41 cm2). The development of our DNA biosensor was based on modification of a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) with PLA-AuNPs and using methylene blue (MB) as the redox indicator. We assessed the immobilization and hybridization events by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). We found that complementary, non-complementary, and mismatched oligonucleotides were specifically distinguished by the fabricated biosensor. It also showed reliably sensitive detection in cross-reactivity studies against various food-borne pathogens and in the identification of V. parahaemolyticus in fresh cockles.

A protocol for the development of an electrochemical DNA biosensor comprising a polylactic acid-stabilized, gold nanoparticles-modified, screen-printed carbon electrode to detect Vibrio parahaemolyticus is presented.

食品由来病原体を検出する電気化学的 DNA のバイオ センサーの開発

Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) is a common foodborne pathogen that contributes to a large proportion of public health problems globally, ...

Ultrasensitive Detection of Biomarkers by Using a Molecular Imprinting Based Capacitive Biosensor

The ability to detect and quantitate biomolecules in complex solutions has always been highly sought-after within natural science; being used for the detection of biomarkers, contaminants, and other molecules of interest. A commonly used technique for this purpose is the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), where often one antibody is directed towards a specific target molecule, and a second labeled antibody is used for the detection of the primary antibody, allowing for the absolute quantification of the biomolecule under study. However, the usage of antibodies as recognition elements limits the robustness of the method; as does the need of using labeled molecules. To overcome these limitations, molecular imprinting has been implemented, creating artificial recognition sites complementary to the template molecule, and obsoleting the necessity of using antibodies for initial binding. Further, for even higher sensitivity, the secondary labeled antibody can be replaced by biosensors relying on the capacitance for the quantification of the target molecule. In this protocol, we describe a method to rapidly and label-free detect and quantitate low-abundant biomolecules (proteins and viruses) in complex samples, with a sensitivity that is significantly better than commonly used detection systems such as the ELISA. This is all mediated by molecular imprinting in combination with a capacitance biosensor.

Here, we present a protocol for the detection and quantification of low abundant molecules in complex solutions using molecular imprinting in combination with a capacitance biosensor.

分子インプリントを用いたバイオ マーカーの超高感度検出による静電容量センサー

The ability to detect and quantitate biomolecules in complex solutions has always been highly sought-after within natural science; being used for the ...

免疫・感染学

Aptamer-Based Target Detection Facilitated by a 3-Stage G-Quadruplex Isothermal Exponential Amplification Reaction

Aptamers are target-recognition molecules that bind with high affinity and specificity. These characteristics can be leveraged to control other molecules with signal-generation capability. For the system described herein, target recognition through an aptameric domain, Stem II of a modified hammerhead ribozyme, activates the self-cleaving ribozyme by stabilizing the initially unstructured construct. The cis-cleaving RNA acts at the junction of Stem III and Stem I, creating two cleavage products. The longer cleavage product primes an isothermal exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) of the two similar catalytically active G-quadruplexes. Those resulting amplification products catalyze peroxidase reduction, which is coupled to the reduction of a colorimetric substrate with an output that the naked eye can detect. The 3-part system described in the present study improves detection modalities such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) by producing a visually detectable signal for indicating the presence of as low as 0.5 &#181;M theophylline in as little as 15 min.

The present protocol demonstrates the use of a fast, 3-stage, aptamer-based exponential amplification assay to detect targets. Sample preparation, signal amplification, and color development are covered to implement this system to recognize the presence of theophylline over that of caffeine.

3段階G四重鎖等温指数増幅反応によるアプタマーベースのターゲット検出(英語)

Aptamers are target-recognition molecules that bind with high affinity and specificity. These characteristics can be leveraged to control other molecules ...

フタル酸エステル結合 DNA アプタマーの選択、評価、および電気化学 Aptasensor への応用

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