<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53929">Modified Drop Tower Impact Tests for American Football Helmets</a></h2>G. Alston Rush1,2, R. Prabhu1, Gus A. Rush III3, Lakiesha N. Williams1, M. F. Horstemeyer2,41Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, 2Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, 3Rush Sport Medical, 4Mechanical Engineering, Mississippi State UniversityThis article provides a novel technique to assess the performance characteristics of American football helmets by inclusion of faceguards during NOCSAE Standard drop tests. Additionally, two more impact locations are proposed to be added to the NOCSAE certification. <h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/54097">Stencil Micropatterning of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells for Probing Spatial Organization of Differentiation Fates</a></h2>Geetika Sahni*1, Jun Yuan*1, Yi-Chin Toh1,21Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 2Singapore Institute of Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of SingaporeHuman pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have the intrinsic ability to differentiate and self-organize into distinct tissue patterns; although this requires the presentation of spatial environmental gradients. We present stencil micropatterning as a simple and robust method to generate biochemical and mechanical gradients for controlling hPSC differentiation patterns.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/54118">A Bending Test for Determining the Atterberg Plastic Limit in Soils</a></h2>Jos&#233; Manuel Moreno-Maroto, Jacinto Alonso-Azc&#225;rateDepartment of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La ManchaThe traditional standardized test for determining the plastic limit in soils is performed by hand, and the result varies depending on the operator. An alternative method based on bending measurements is presented in this study. This allows the plastic limit to be obtained with a clear and objective criterion.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53981">Construction of Models for Nondestructive Prediction of Ingredient Contents in Blueberries by Near-infrared Spectroscopy Based on HPLC Measurements</a></h2>Wenming Bai1, Norio Yoshimura1, Masao Takayanagi1, Jingai Che2, Naomi Horiuchi2, Isao Ogiwara31United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyWe present here a protocol to construct and validate models for nondestructive prediction of total sugar, total organic acid, and total anthocyanin content in individual blueberries by near-infrared spectroscopy.

june 2016 - this month in jove: blueberry analysis, impact testing football helmets, stencil micropatterning of stem cells, and a test for soil plasticity

Here's a look at what's coming up in the <a href="http://www.jove.com/archive/112">June 2016 issue</a> of <a href="http://www.jove.com/">JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments</a>.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/chem">JoVE Chemistry</a>, just in time for blueberry season, we feature a method for predicting the constituents of blueberries while keeping them intact. <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53981">Bai et al.</a> use near-infrared spectroscopy to obtain spectra of individual blueberries, then use high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to measure their actual contents. They build models that use the near-infrared spectra to predict the levels of sugar, the organic acids that impart tartness, and the anthocyanins that have antioxidant properties. This method aids the selection and distribution of only the most delicious blueberries with guaranteed qualities.
<a href="http://www.jove.com/eng">JoVE Engineering</a> includes a test protocol that simulates on-field impacts of football helmets to help reduce the risks of head injuries. Current performance standards for football helmet certification don't require the faceguard to be attached during impact tests; however, attaching a faceguard dramatically changes the helmet's mechanical properties. Therefore, <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53929/">Rush et al.</a> propose a modified test that includes the faceguard. They also test two new helmet impact locations. This method provides more robust helmet safety standards that will drive safer helmet designs.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/devbio">JoVE Developmental Biology</a>, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can differentiate into all three developmental germ layers. However, in vitro differentiation of hPSCs tends to be a disorganized process. This month, <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/54097/">Sahni et al.</a> describe stencil micropatterning-a method that can spatially control stem cell microenvironments and organize their differentiation fates. This elegant method provides a valuable experimental model for tissue organization and patterning in embryonic development.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/enviro">JoVE Environment</a>, soil plasticity is a concept inspired by the craft of pottery. It refers to the clay-like behavior of certain soils at particular water content levels. The plastic limit of soil is an important parameter in geotechnology, but traditional assessment methods are highly subjective. Thus, <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/54118/">Moreno-Maroto and Alonso-Azc&aacute;rate</a> present an alternative method based on objective measures. This method allows the plastic limit of soil to be obtained with clear and objective criteria.
You've just had a sneak peek of the <a href="http://www.jove.com/archive/112">June 2016 issue</a> of <a href="http://www.jove.com/">JoVE</a>. Visit the website to see the full-length articles, plus many more, in <a href="http://www.jove.com/">JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments</a>.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about June 2016 - This Month in JoVE: Blueberry Analysis, Impact Testing Football Helmets, Stencil Micropatterning of Stem Cells, and a Test for Soil Plasticity at 

June 2016 - This Month in JoVE: Blueberry Analysis, Impact Testing Football Helmets, Stencil Micropatterning of Stem Cells, and a Test for Soil Plasticity

Here's a look at what's coming up in the June 2016 issue of JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments.
In JoVE Chemistry, just in time for blueberry ...

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1.8K ビュー.  Massachusetts Eye and Ear. June 2016 - This Month in JoVE: Blueberry Analysis, Impact Testing Football Helmets, Stencil Micropatterning of Stem Cells, and a Test for Soil Plasticity

ビデオ: June 2016 - This Month in JoVE: Blueberry Analysis, Impact Testing Football Helmets, Stencil Micropatterning of Stem Cells, and a Test for Soil Plasticity

modified drop tower impact tests for american football helmets

Modified Drop Tower Impact Tests for American Football Helmets

This article provides a novel technique to assess the performance characteristics of American football helmets by inclusion of faceguards during NOCSAE Standard drop tests. Additionally, two more impact locations are proposed to be added to the NOCSAE certification.

stencil micropatterning of human pluripotent stem cells for probing spatial organization of differentiation fates

Stencil Micropatterning of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells for Probing Spatial Organization of Differentiation Fates

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have the intrinsic ability to differentiate and self-organize into distinct tissue patterns; although this requires the presentation of spatial environmental gradients. We present stencil micropatterning as a simple and robust method to generate biochemical and mechanical gradients for controlling hPSC differentiation...

drosophila aggression assay: a method to test behavioral plasticity in flies

Aggression is an innate behavior and previous fighting experience affects fighting strategy and outcome of later contests in flies. This video describes an assay used to study Drosophila&#39;s aggressive behavior. The example protocol features the assay performed in a setup that eliminates fly handling and therefore reduces stress for the animals, which would otherwise impact the subjects&#39;...

Drosophila Aggression Assay: A Method to Test Behavioral Plasticity in Flies

a test bed to examine helmet fit and retention and biomechanical measures of head and neck injury in simulated impact

A Test Bed to Examine Helmet Fit and Retention and Biomechanical Measures of Head and Neck Injury in Simulated Impact

Using an anthropometric head and neck, optical fiber-based fit force transducers, an array of head acceleration and neck force/moment transducers, and a dual high speed camera system, we present a test bed to study helmet retention and effects on biomechanical measures of head and neck injury secondary to head...

a lipid extraction and analysis method for characterizing soil microbes in experiments with many samples

A Lipid Extraction and Analysis Method for Characterizing Soil Microbes in Experiments with Many Samples

The article describes a method that increases throughput while balancing effort and accuracy for extraction of lipids from the cell membranes of microorganisms for use in characterizing both total lipids and the relative abundance of indicator lipids to determine soil microbial community structure in studies with many...

a co2 concentration gradient facility for testing co2 enrichment and soil effects on grassland ecosystem function

A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function

The Lysimeter Carbon Dioxide Gradient Facility creates a 250 to 500 &#181;l L-1 linear carbon dioxide gradient in temperature-controlled chambers housing grassland plant communities on clay, silty clay, and sandy soil monoliths. The facility is used to determine how past and future carbon dioxide levels affect grassland carbon...

A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function

a micropatterning assay for measuring cell chirality

A Micropatterning Assay for Measuring Cell Chirality

We present a protocol for determining multicellular chirality in vitro, using the micropatterning technique. This assay allows for automatic quantification of the left-right biases of various types of cells and can be used for screening...

micropatterning and assembly of 3d microvessels

Micropatterning and Assembly of 3D Microvessels

This manuscript presents an injection molding method to engineer microvessels that recapitulate physiological properties of endothelium. The microfluidic-based process creates patent 3D vascular networks with tailorable conditions, such as flow, cellular composition, geometry, and biochemical gradients. The fabrication process and examples of potential applications are...

morris water maze test: optimization for mouse strain and testing environment

Morris Water Maze Test: Optimization for Mouse Strain and Testing Environment

This manuscript describes a Morris water maze (MWM) protocol tailored for use with a commonly used mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. The MWM is widely used in transgenic mouse models. Implementation of a procedure sensitive to the background strain of the mouse model is essential for detecting group differences.

measurements of soil water potential and conductivity based on a simple evaporation experiment using a hydraulic property analyzer

Author Spotlight: Advancing Agricultural Land Ecosystem Research with a Hydraulic Property Analyzer to Assess Soil Health

This article features a simple evaporation experiment using a hydraulic property instrument for a soil sample. Through efficient means, measurements can be taken over a series of days to generate high-quality...

Protocol for Soil Hydraulic Property Measurement via Evaporation

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isolation and analysis of microbial communities in soil, rhizosphere, and roots in perennial grass experiments

Isolation and Analysis of Microbial Communities in Soil, Rhizosphere, and Roots in Perennial Grass Experiments

Excavation of plant roots from the field as well as processing of samples into endosphere, rhizosphere, and soil are described in detail, including DNA extraction and data analysis methods. This paper is designed to enable other laboratories to use these techniques for the study of soil, endosphere, and rhizosphere...

microplot design and plant and soil sample preparation for 15nitrogen analysis

Microplot Design and Plant and Soil Sample Preparation for 15Nitrogen Analysis

A microplot design for 15N tracer research is described to accommodate multiple in-season plant and soil sampling events. Soil and plant sample collection and processing procedures, including grinding and weighing protocols, for 15N analysis are put...

Microplot Design and Plant and Soil Sample Preparation for 15Nitrogen Analysis

establishment and analysis of tumor slice explants as a prerequisite for diagnostic testing

Establishment and Analysis of Tumor Slice Explants As a Prerequisite for Diagnostic Testing

We provide a method for the generation, cultivation and systematic analysis of organotypic slices derived from murine lung tumors. We also describe how to optimize for slice thickness, and how to select drug concentrations to treat tumor...

simulating temperature in a soil incubation experiment

Simulating Temperature in a Soil Incubation Experiment

Laboratory soil warming experiments usually employ two or more constant temperatures in multiple chambers. By presenting a sophisticated environmental chamber, we provide an accurate temperature control method to imitate the magnitude and amplitude of in situ soil temperature and improve the experimental design of soil incubation...

colletotrichum fioriniae development in water and chloroform-based blueberry and cranberry floral extracts

Colletotrichum fioriniae Development in Water and Chloroform-based Blueberry and Cranberry Floral Extracts

Here, bioassays designed to monitor the development of a fungal pathogen, Colletotrichum fioriniae, in the presence of blueberry or cranberry floral extracts on glass coverslips are described. Water-, chloroform-, and field rainwater- based floral extraction techniques are detailed as well as insight into how this information can be...

Colletotrichum fioriniae Development in Water and Chloroform-based Blueberry and Cranberry Floral Extracts

nanopore dna sequencing for metagenomic soil analysis

Nanopore DNA Sequencing for Metagenomic Soil Analysis

Nanopore technology for sequencing biomolecules has wide applications in the life sciences, including identification of pathogens, food safety monitoring, genomic analysis, metagenomic environmental monitoring, and characterization of bacterial antibiotic resistance. In this article, the procedure for metagenomic soil DNA sequencing for species identification using the nanopore sequencing technology is...

a protocol for collecting and constructing soil core lysimeters

A Protocol for Collecting and Constructing Soil Core Lysimeters

A detailed method for extraction and assembly of intact soil core lysimeters and their use for study of leachate and associated loss of nutrients from surface applied poultry litter is...

protocol for the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into mixed cultures of neurons and glia for neurotoxicity testing

Protocol for the Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Mixed Cultures of Neurons and Glia for Neurotoxicity Testing

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are considered a powerful tool for drug and chemical screening and for the development of new in vitro models for toxicity testing, including neurotoxicity. Here, a detailed protocol for the differentiation of hiPSCs into neurons and glia is...

herbivore-induced blueberry volatiles and intra-plant signaling

Herbivore-induced Blueberry Volatiles and Intra-plant Signaling

A push-pull method for collecting plant volatiles is described.  The method allows for a comparison of volatiles induced by herbivore feeding, exogenous methyl jasmonate, and mechanical damage.  This technique is also used to investigate the volatile response of undamaged branches to exposure to volatiles from herbivore-damaged branches within blueberry...

in vitro three-dimensional sprouting assay of angiogenesis using mouse embryonic stem cells for vascular disease modeling and drug testing

In Vitro Three-Dimensional Sprouting Assay of Angiogenesis Using Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells for Vascular Disease Modeling and Drug Testing

This assay utilizes mouse embryonic stem cells differentiated into embryoid bodies cultured in 3D-collagen gel to analyze the biological processes that control sprouting angiogenesis in vitro. The technique can be applied for testing drugs, modeling diseases, and for studying specific genes in the context of deletions that are embryonically...

In Vitro Three-Dimensional Sprouting Assay of Angiogenesis Using Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells for Vascular Disease Modeling and Drug Testing

2012: A Year In Review

Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE reached a major milestone by publishing our 1500th article. In this publication, in JoVE Bioengineering, Yu et al. described a method for analyzing the free radical composition of cigarette smoke. This method simulated cigarette puffing with a single-port smoking device, and combined it with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to measure the degree to which antioxidant compounds can scavenge free radicals in cigarette smoke. A possible outcome of this research is the creation of less harmful cigarettes.
JoVE Bioengineering also contained the most-viewed article of 2012. Owczarczak et al. described a method for hacking a standard inkjet printer, loading ink cartridges with a cell-suspension "bioink," and printing lines of live cells onto glass slides. The thermal inkjet printing process creates temporary pores in the cell membrane, visualized by the incorporation of fluorescently labeled actin monomers. This concept, called "bioprinting," has many potential applications in cell and tissue engineering.
Also in 2012, JoVE Bioengineering featured a protocol by Hsia et al. for isolating and purifying spider silk protein, spinning it into fibers, and assessing the fiber strength. This protocol for laboratory-scale production of spider silk, which is stronger than tensile steel, can potentially be extended to large-scale manufacturing.
In JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine, we featured a number of articles related to stroke, one of which. In one article, M&ouml;bius-Winkler et al. demonstrated placement of the WATCHMAN left atrial appendage occlusion device from Boston Scientific. This device is designed to prevent strokes by trapping clots within the left atrial appendage of the heart before they exit. Our authors demonstrated how to insert the guide wire through the femoral artery into the heart, advance the device into the left atrium, and deploy the device in the left atrial appendage.
Another article focused on stroke, Hamel et al. described the use of a driving simulator to study how patients compensate for visual field defects following stroke. By analyzing the compensatory gaze behavior of patients as they navigated through virtual driving courses with varying degrees of complexity, our authors see great potential for the use of driving simulators in stroke rehabilitation.
In JoVE Immunology and Infection, we published an article by Keyel et al. describing the real-time kinetics of immune cell responses to bacterial toxins using live cell microscopy. Combined with high-speed 3D confocal microscopy, this technique can also visualize the cellular repair response.
Also in JoVE Immunology and Infection, we featured an article by Yap et al. describing methods for diagnosing helminth infections in children. Helminths are parasitic worms that can infect the intestinal tract of humans and animals, and may be distinguished based on their morphology. The same article demonstrated how to measure the impact of helminth infections on physical fitness in children, which is a measure of overall health.
In JoVE Neuroscience, we featured a method by Hoffmann et al., who used tiny headphones to alter the auditory feedback in songbirds, and analyzed the computational and neurophysiological basis of vocal learning in birds when they adjust their singing in response to altered acoustic signals.
Also in JoVE Neuroscience, we moved from birds to bees with a method that assesses associative and non-associative tactile learning in honeybees. This method, by Mujagi&#263; et al., allowed bees to scan different metal surfaces with their antennae, then conditioned them to expect sugar water when their antennae touched particular surfaces, and analyzed the corresponding changes in antennal movement.
In 2012, we launched a brand-new section: JoVE Applied Physics, which features articles on subjects ranging from plasma physics to material science. The Applied Physics section also contained JoVE's 2000th video article, filmed in a synchrotron radiation facility, where Borisenko et al. showed how to determine the electronic structure of complex materials using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.
In the JoVE General section, we published an article by Artioli et al. demonstrating the use of a portable gas analyzer to measure oxygen consumption during complex exercise - such as judo. By analyzing oxygen consumption and collecting blood for measuring plasma lactate concentration, this method can determine the relative contributions of different energy systems to specific aspects of complex exercise.
Finally, JoVE followed Dolhi et al. to a permanently ice-covered saline lake in Antarctica. There, scientists drilled through the ice to study single-celled microorganisms called protists that live in the harsh conditions of Antarctica.
This Year in Review was just a brief glimpse of a few of over 600 video articles that JoVE offered in 2012. Browse the JoVE archives to see thousands of other videos, and stay tuned for what's coming up this year in JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments.

Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).

 
 
Here's a look at some of the milestones and highlights of the year 2012 in Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE).
At the start of 2012, JoVE ...