この調査は、プロジェクト 140413 の一部として GreenPAC 高分子アプリケーション センターによってサポートされた:「生産 3 D 印刷」。アルバート ・ ハートマン、コリーヌ ・ ヴァン ・ Noordenne を認識したいと思います、Ren ビデオ撮影を促進するためのアルバート Woortman、ジュル van Dijken フェムケ Tamminga Anniek ブルーインズ リューエンのバンします。

注意: 使用前に関連するすべての材料安全データ用紙 (MSDS) を参照してください。
1. 光重合型樹脂の準備
注: は、次の手順の中に個人用保護具 (保護メガネ、手袋、白衣) を使用してください。このセクションの詳細については、私たち以前の作業12を参照してください。
<ol><li>1, 10-デカンジ オール レート (SA5201) の 50 g を 500 mL の三角フラスコに注ぐ。</li>
	<li>1.0 g を追加 diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) ホスフィンオキシド (TPO) と 0.40 g の 2, 5 -ビス(5 -tert-ブチル-benzoxazol-2-イル) チオフェン (BBOT) フラスコに。</li>
	<li>機械的撹拌機とフラスコを装備し、室温で 5 分間 200 rpm でアクリル酸モノマーの TPO と BBOT を解消するために混合物をかき混ぜます。</li>
	<li>ペンタエリトリトール テトラアクリ レートと多機能エポキシアクリ レート 100 g 100 g を追加 (材料の表を参照してください) の混合物に。</li>
	<li>均質な樹脂を確実に 50 ° C で 30 分間 200 rpm で混合物をかき混ぜます。</li>
	<li>機械的撹拌機を外し、ストッパーをフラスコに合います。フラスコはバイオベースマテリアル アクリル系光硬化性樹脂 (は) を光から保護するためにアルミ箔に包まれて。 注: プロトコルはここで一時停止することができます。</li>
	<li>Photoresin と平行平板形状レオメータの底板をカバーしてください。</li>
	<li>1 mm の平板間のギャップを設定、耐紫外線フード付きレオメータをカバーします。</li>
	<li>室温でせん断率 0.1 から 100 s-1; 樹脂の粘度を測定します。例えば0.100、0.126、0.158、0.200、0.251、0.316、0.398、0.501、0.631、0.794、1.00、1.26、1.58、2.00、2.51、3.16、3.98、5.01、6.31、7.94、10.0、12.6、15.8、20.0、25.1、31.6、39.8、50.1、63.1、79.4 と 100 s-1。</li>
</ol>2 バイオベースマテリアル アクリレートと Stereolithographic 3 D プリント
注: このセクションの詳細については、私たち以前の作業12を参照してください。
<ol><li>SLA の 3 D プリンターをオンにし、オープン モードを選択します。</li>
	<li>コンピューターのモデルの準備ソフトウェアを起動します。目的の印刷設定を選択: 材料 (クリア)、バージョン (V4) と層の厚み (50 μ m)。</li>
	<li>複雑形状の試作品、標準テッセレーション (.stl) の言語ファイルのデジタル モデルを開く (符号化する補足のファイルを参照してください)、場所とビルド プラットフォームで方向を選択。 SLA の 3 D プリンターにモデル作成ソフトから印刷ジョブをアップロードします。 注: 製品のアーキテクチャによってサポート構造は製作中に構造を安定させるために 3 D モデルに統合できます。ここに示す複雑形状の試作の場合印刷ビルドの方向に垂直な場合、支持構造体は必要ありません。</li>
	<li>バイオベースマテリアル photoresin 200 mL を樹脂タンクに注ぐ。3 D プリンターを開き、樹脂タンクは正常にマウントします。</li>
	<li>ビルド プラットフォームをマウントし、3 D プリンターを閉じます。</li>
	<li>印刷ジョブを開始します。</li>
	<li>複雑な形をしたプロトタイプを製造する 3 D プリンターを許可します。 印刷ジョブが終了するまでプリンターを開かないでください。 注: 印刷前に 3 D プリンターが水平を確認してください。示されたプロトコルの UV レーザー波長は 405 nm。オブジェクトの印刷時間は 2.5 時間です。</li>
</ol>3. 3 D の後処理印刷オブジェクト
注: は、次の手順の中に個人用保護具 (保護メガネ、手袋) を使用してください。
<ol><li>印刷ジョブが終了したときは、プリンターを開きます。添付、生産部品を使用してビルド プラットフォームを削除し、プリンターを閉じます。</li>
	<li>イソプロピル アルコールでいっぱい洗濯駅を開き、ビルド プラットフォームを挿入します。プロシージャと未反応樹脂材料に加工を削除する 20 分間洗浄を開始します。</li>
	<li>洗浄の手順が終了したら、洗濯駅からビルド プラットフォームを削除し、ビルド プラットフォームからプロトタイプをデタッチします。</li>
	<li>30 分の乾燥空気にプロトタイプを許可します。一方で、60 ° C での UV をオーブンします。 注: 予熱、少なくとも 15 分になります。オーブンの UV 波長は 405 nm、SLA レーザーの波長と同じ。</li>
	<li>UV オーブンを開き、すばやく回転台のプロトタイプを配置します。UV オーブンと完全な変換を確保するための 60 の ° C で 60 分の治療法を閉じます。</li>
	<li>硬化後の手順が終わったら、UV オーブンを開けるし、プロトタイプを取る。</li>
</ol>4 複雑な形状の試作品の表面形態の特性
注: このセクションの詳細については、私たち以前の作業12を参照してください。
<ol><li>Ca. かみそりの刃を使用して複雑な形をしたプロトタイプから内部のらせんの 1 cm をカットします。</li>
	<li>サンプルをダブル両面カーボン導電性テープのサンプル ホルダーに取り付けます。</li>
	<li>イメージング、前に 30 サンプル コート スパッタ リング システムに nm Pt ・ Pd (試しました)。</li>
	<li>5 の加速電圧で動作する走査型電子顕微鏡に試料を挿入 kV。30 X のサンプルのいくつかの画像と 120 倍の倍率を取得します。</li>
</ol>

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オーダーメイド プロトタイプおよび小さいシリーズは、金型とツールの生産のための必要性がないので部品 1 個あたりの高い生産コストが従来プロセスと競うことができる添加剤の製造を適用します。過去 10 年間のサービスおよび添加剤の製造に関連する製品の売り上げ高は13指数関数的に成長しています。材料販売の最大の分数は、フォトポリマーからです。成長は注目...

ラピッドプロトタイピングは、オンデマンド生産とデザイン自由でき 3 D の効率的な製造を層によって方法1で構築します。その結果、加工技術として 3 D プリントは、近年2で急速に開発しました。様々 な技術が利用できるすべては, 実物体に仮想モデルの翻訳に頼ると押し出し、直接エネルギー蒸着、粉末凝固、シート積層光重合などのプロセスを適用します。後者は、液状感光性樹脂樹脂の段階的な UV 硬化を含まれます。1986 年に、船体と同僚光造形装置 (SLA) UV レーザー ベースの 3 D プリンターの開発。最近では、デジタル ライト処理 (DLP) と呼ばれる同様のプロセスは、光重合、光プロジェクターによって開始で、利用可能になりました。一緒に、DLP と SLA は光造形 3 D 印刷3とに呼ばれます。
SLA は、高解像度のプロトタイピングおよびバイオメディカル デバイス4、5の製造に適用されます。この技術は (FDM) のモデリング精度、表面仕上、解像度6面で広く使用されている熱溶解積層に優れています。製品のアーキテクチャによってサポート構造は製作中に構造を安定させるために 3 D モデルに統合されています。さらに、製造された部品の印刷後処理トリートメントは必要な7,8です。通常、印刷オブジェクトは未反応の樹脂を溶解するためアルコールお風呂で洗っているし、重合9の完全な転換を保証する UV オーブンでその後硬化が実行されます。
一般に、樹脂添加剤の製造の露光ベースは多機能アクリレートやエポキシド10を含む硬化システムに依存します。商業市場における現在の感光性樹脂樹脂が化石に基づく、高価なバイオベースマテリアル経済1持続可能な 3 D 製品の無駄の無い、ローカル製造を容易にするために低コストの再生可能な樹脂の可用性が必要ですが,6。 最近では、再生可能なアクリル酸エステル樹脂感光性樹脂を開発され、光造形 3 d 印刷11,12で正常に適用されました。この詳細なプロトコル、商業光造形装置バイオベースマテリアル樹脂ラピッドプロトタイピングを紹介します。特別な注意は、樹脂製剤およびポスト印刷トリートメント、添加剤の製造の分野で新しい実務を支援するなどの手順で重要なステップに支払われます。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Isobornyl acrylate&#160;</td>
			<td>Sartomer</td>
			<td>SA5102</td>
			<td>Acrylate monomer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>1,10-decanediol diacrylate</td>
			<td>Sartomer</td>
			<td>SA5201</td>
			<td>Acrylate monomer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate</td>
			<td>Sartomer</td>
			<td>SA5400</td>
			<td>Acrylate monomer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Multifunctional epoxy acrylate</td>
			<td>Sartomer</td>
			<td>SA7101</td>
			<td>Acrylate oligomer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (TPO), 97%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>415952</td>
			<td>Photoinitiator</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>2,5-bis(5-tert-butyl-benzoxazol-2-yl)thiophene (BBOT), 99%</td>
			<td>Sigma Aldrich</td>
			<td>223999</td>
			<td>Optical absorber</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isopropyl alcohol (IPA), 99%</td>
			<td>Bleko</td>
			<td>1010500</td>
			<td>For alcohol bath (applied in Form Wash)</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Paar Physica MCR300&#160;</td>
			<td>Anton Paar</td>
			<td>-</td>
			<td>Rheometer with parallel plate geometry</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Form 2 Printer</td>
			<td>Formlabs</td>
			<td>-</td>
			<td>Desktop SLA 3D printer</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Form Wash&#160;</td>
			<td>Formlabs</td>
			<td>-</td>
			<td>Washing station</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Form Cure</td>
			<td>Formlabs</td>
			<td>-</td>
			<td>UV oven</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Instron 4301 1KN Series IX</td>
			<td>Instron</td>
			<td>-</td>
			<td>Universal testing machine</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Philips XL30 ESEM-FEG&#160;</td>
			<td>Philips</td>
			<td>-</td>
			<td>Scanning electron microscope</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

stereolithographic 3d printing with renewable acrylates

コスト競争力の再生可能な材料と添加剤の製造への応用のアクセシビリティは、効率的なバイオベースマテリアル経済に不可欠です。Stereolithographic の 3 D プリンターを使用して持続可能な樹脂のラピッドプロトタイピングを紹介します。樹脂製剤はバイオベースマテリアル アクリレート系モノマー ・ オリゴマーの簡単な混合 photoinitiatior と光の吸収によって起こる。樹脂の粘度はモノマーとオリゴマーの比率によって制御され、平行平板形状レオメータによる剪断速度の関数として決定されます。バイオベースマテリアル樹脂で起訴 stereolithographic 装置を採用して、高精度で複雑な形状の試作品を生産します。製品は、アルコール洗浄と紫外線照射による、完全硬化を確認など後処理が必要です。走査型電子顕微鏡は、高機能の解像度と優れた表面仕上げのプロトタイプを明らかにしました。

4 代表的な樹脂組成物は、表 1、その平均バイオベースマテリアル炭素含有量と共に (BC) コンポーネントの個々 の BC から派生したに表示されます。樹脂の粘度 (図 1) アクリル酸モノマー、オリゴマーの比率に影響されます、通常ニュー トン粘性挙動を示します。様々 な樹脂から製造された部品の機械的性質は、応力-ひずみ解析に?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Stereolithographic 3D Printing with Renewable Acrylates at JoVE.com

Stereolithographic 3D Printing with Renewable Acrylates

光造形装置で再生可能な感光性樹脂樹脂添加剤の製造のためのプロトコルが表示されます。

再生可能なアクリレートと Stereolithographic 3 D プリント

The accessibility of cost-competitive renewable materials and their application in additive manufacturing is essential for an efficient biobased economy. ...

stereolithographic-3d-printing-with-renewable-acrylates

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

9.4K ビュー.  NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences. 光造形装置で再生可能な感光性樹脂樹脂添加剤の製造のためのプロトコルが表示されます。

ビデオ: Stereolithographic 3D Printing with Renewable Acrylates

Photodynamic Therapy with Blended Conducting Polymer/Fullerene Nanoparticle Photosensitizers

In this article a method for the fabrication and reproducible in-vitro evaluation of conducting polymer nanoparticles blended with fullerene as the next generation photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is reported. The nanoparticles are formed by hydrophobic interaction of the semiconducting polymer MEH-PPV (poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene]) with the fullerene PCBM (phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester) in the presence of a non-compatible solvent. MEH-PPV has a high extinction coefficient that leads to high rates of triplet formation, and efficient charge and energy transfer to the fullerene PCBM. The latter processes enhance the efficiency of the PDT system through fullerene assisted triplet and radical formation, and ultrafast deactivation of MEH-PPV excited stated. The results reported here show that this nanoparticle PDT sensitizing system is highly effective and shows unexpected specificity to cancer cell lines.

This protocol describes a method for the fabrication of conducting polymer nanoparticles blended with fullerene. These nanoparticles were investigated for their potential use as a next generation photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy (PDT).

ポリマー/フラーレンナノ粒子の光増感を実施ブレンドと光線力学療法

In this article a method for the fabrication and reproducible in-vitro evaluation of conducting polymer nanoparticles blended with fullerene as the next ...

化学

Determination of Carbonyl Functional Groups in Bio-oils by Potentiometric Titration: The Faix Method

Carbonyl compounds present in bio-oils are known to be responsible for bio-oil property changes upon storage and during upgrading. Specifically, carbonyls cause an increase in viscosity (often referred to as &#39;aging&#39;) during storage of bio-oils. As such, carbonyl content has previously been used as a method of tracking bio-oil aging and condensation reactions with less variability than viscosity measurements. Additionally, carbonyls are also responsible for coke formation in bio-oil upgrading processes. Given the importance of carbonyls in bio-oils, accurate analytical methods for their quantification are very important for the bio-oil community. Potentiometric titration methods based on carbonyl oximation have long been used for the determination of carbonyl content in pyrolysis bio-oils. Here, we present a modification of the traditional carbonyl oximation procedures that results in less reaction time, smaller sample size, higher precision, and more accurate carbonyl determinations. While traditional carbonyl oximation methods occur at room temperature, the Faix method presented here occurs at an elevated temperature of 80 &#176;C.

Here we present a potentiometric titration technique for accurately quantifying carbonyl compounds in pyrolysis bio-oils.

Faix方法：電位差滴定法によりバイオ油中のカルボニル官能基の決意

Carbonyl compounds present in bio-oils are known to be responsible for bio-oil property changes upon storage and during upgrading. Specifically, carbonyls ...

Temperature-programmed Deoxygenation of Acetic Acid on Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts

Temperature programmed reaction (TPRxn) is a simple yet powerful tool for screening solid catalyst performance at a variety of conditions. A TPRxn system includes a reactor, furnace, gas and vapor sources, flow control, instrumentation to quantify reaction products (e.g., gas chromatograph), and instrumentation to monitor the reaction in real time (e.g., mass spectrometer). Here, we apply the TPRxn methodology to study molybdenum carbide catalysts for the deoxygenation of acetic acid, an important reaction among many in the upgrading/stabilization of biomass pyrolysis vapors. TPRxn is used to evaluate catalyst activity and selectivity and to test hypothetical reaction pathways (e.g., decarbonylation, ketonization, and hydrogenation). The results of the TPRxn study of acetic acid deoxygenation show that molybdenum carbide is an active catalyst for this reaction at temperatures above ca. 300 &#176;C and that the reaction favors deoxygenation (i.e., C-O bond-breaking) products at temperatures below ca. 400 &#176;C and decarbonylation (i.e., C-C bond-breaking) products at temperatures above ca. 400 &#176;C.

Presented here is a protocol for the operation of a micro-scale temperature-programmed reactor for evaluating the catalytic performance of molybdenum carbide during acetic acid deoxygenation.

モリブデンカーバイド触媒上の酢酸の昇温脱酸素化

Temperature programmed reaction (TPRxn) is a simple yet powerful tool for screening solid catalyst performance at a variety of conditions. A TPRxn system ...

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs): A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are a class of porous covalent materials which are frequently synthesized as unprocessable crystalline powders. The first COF was reported in 2005 with much effort centered on the establishment of new synthetic routes for its preparation. To date, most available synthetic methods for COF synthesis are based on bulk mixing under solvothermal conditions. Therefore, there is increasing interest in developing systematic protocols for COF synthesis that provide for fine control over reaction conditions and improve COF processability on surfaces, which is essential for their use in practical applications. Herein, we present a novel microfluidic-based method for COF synthesis where the reaction between two constituent building blocks, 1,3,5-benzenetricarbaldehyde (BTCA) and 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TAPB), takes place under controlled diffusion conditions and at room temperature. Using such an approach yields sponge-like, crystalline fibers of a COF material, hereafter called MF-COF. The mechanical properties of MF-COF and the dynamic nature of the approach allow the continuous production of MF-COF fibers and their direct printing onto surfaces. The general method opens new potential applications requiring advanced printing of 2D or 3D COF structures on flexible or rigid surfaces.

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

We present a novel microfluidic-based method for synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs). We demonstrate how this approach can be used to produce continuous COF fibers, and also 2D or 3D COF structures on surfaces.

コバレント有機骨格（COF）のマイクロ流体ベースの合成：COF繊維の連続生産と表面への直接印刷のためのツール

Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are a class of porous covalent materials which are frequently synthesized as unprocessable crystalline powders. The ...

Preparation of Chitosan-based Injectable Hydrogels and Its Application in 3D Cell Culture

The protocol presents a facile, efficient, and versatile method to prepare chitosan-based hydrogels using dynamic imine chemistry. The hydrogel is prepared by mixing solutions of glycol chitosan with a synthesized benzaldehyde terminated polymer gelator, and hydrogels are efficiently obtained in several minutes at room temperature. By varying ratios between glycol chitosan, polymer gelator, and water contents, versatile hydrogels with different gelation times and stiffness are obtained. When damaged, the hydrogel can recover its appearances and modulus, due to the reversibility of the dynamic imine bonds as crosslinkages. This self-healable property enables the hydrogel to be injectable since it can be self-healed from squeezed pieces to an integral bulk hydrogel after the injection process. The hydrogel is also multi-responsive to many bio-active stimuli due to different equilibration statuses of the dynamic imine bonds. This hydrogel was confirmed as bio-compatible, and L929 mouse fibroblast cells were embedded following standard procedures and the cell proliferation was easily assessed by a 3D cell cultivation process. The hydrogel can offer an adjustable platform for different research where a physiological mimic of a 3D environment for cells is profited. Along with its multi-responsive, self-healable, and injectable properties, the hydrogels can potentially be applied as multiple carriers for drugs and cells in future bio-medical applications.

Here we describe a facile preparation of chitosan-based injectable hydrogels using dynamic imine chemistry. Methods to adjust the hydrogel&#8217;s mechanical strength and its application in 3D cell culture are presented.

キトサンを用いた注射ゲルおよび 3 D 細胞培養への応用の準備

The protocol presents a facile, efficient, and versatile method to prepare chitosan-based hydrogels using dynamic imine chemistry. The hydrogel is ...

Synthesis of Platinum-nickel Nanowires and Optimization for Oxygen Reduction Performance

Platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) nanowires were developed as fuel cell electrocatalysts, and were optimized for the performance and durability in the oxygen reduction reaction. Spontaneous galvanic displacement was used to deposit Pt layers onto Ni nanowire substrates. The synthesis approach produced catalysts with high specific activities and high Pt surface areas. Hydrogen annealing improved Pt and Ni mixing and specific activity. Acid leaching was used to preferentially remove Ni near the nanowire surface, and oxygen annealing was used to stabilize near-surface Ni, improving durability and minimizing Ni dissolution. These protocols detail the optimization of each post-synthesis processing step, including hydrogen annealing to 250 &#176;C, exposure to 0.1 M nitric acid, and oxygen annealing to 175 &#176;C. Through these steps, Pt-Ni nanowires produced increased activities more than an order of magnitude than Pt nanoparticles, while offering significant durability improvements. The presented protocols are based on Pt-Ni systems in the development of fuel cell catalysts. These techniques have also been used for a variety of metal combinations, and can be applied to develop catalysts for a number of electrochemical processes.

&#160; The protocol describes the synthesis and electrochemical testing of platinum-nickel nanowires. Nanowires were synthesized by the galvanic displacement of a nickel nanowire template. Post-synthesis processing, including hydrogen annealing, acid leaching, and oxygen annealing were used to optimize nanowire performance and durability in the oxygen reduction reaction.

ナノワイヤーの合成プラチナ ニッケルと酸素還元性能の最適化

Platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) nanowires were developed as fuel cell electrocatalysts, and were optimized for the performance and durability in the oxygen ...

Obtaining 3D Chemical Maps by Energy Filtered Transmission Electron Microscopy Tomography

Energy filtered transmission electron microscopy tomography (EFTEM tomography) can provide three-dimensional (3D) chemical maps of materials at a nanometric scale. EFTEM tomography can separate chemical elements that are very difficult to distinguish using other imaging techniques. The experimental protocol described here shows how to create 3D chemical maps to understand the chemical distribution and morphology of a material. Sample preparation steps for data segmentation are presented. This protocol permits the 3D distribution analysis of chemical elements in a nanometric sample. However, it should be noted that currently, the 3D chemical maps can only be generated for samples that are not beam sensitive, since the recording of filtered images requires long exposure times to an intense electron beam. The protocol was applied to quantify the chemical distribution of the components of two different heterogeneous catalyst supports. In the first study, the chemical distribution of aluminum and titanium in titania-alumina supports was analyzed. The samples were prepared using the swing-pH method. In the second, the chemical distribution of aluminum and silicon in silica-alumina supports that were prepared using the sol-powder and mechanical mixture methods was examined.

This paper describes a protocol to achieve 3D chemical maps combining energy filtered imaging and electron tomography. The chemical distribution of two catalyst supports formed by elements that are difficult to distinguish by other imaging techniques was studied. Each application consists of mapping overlapped chemical elements - respectively spaced-ionization edges.

エネルギー化学 3 D マップの取得フィルター透過電子顕微鏡トモグラフィー

Energy filtered transmission electron microscopy tomography (EFTEM tomography) can provide three-dimensional (3D) chemical maps of materials at a ...

Methionine Functionalized Biocompatible Block Copolymers for Targeted Plasmid DNA Delivery

Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization integrates the advantages of radical polymerization and living polymerization. This work presents the preparation of methionine functionalized biocompatible block copolymers via RAFT polymerization. Firstly, N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)methacrylamide-b-N-(3-aminopropyl)methacrylamide (BNHEMA-b-APMA, BA) was synthesized via RAFT polymerization using 4,4&#8217;-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) (ACVA) as an initiating agent and 4-cyanopentanoic acid dithiobenzoate (CTP) as the chain transfer agent. Subsequently, N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)methacrylamide-b-N-(3-guanidinopropyl)methacrylamide (methionine grafted BNHEMA-b-GPMA, mBG) was prepared by modifying amine groups in APMA with methionine and guanidine groups. Three kinds of block polymers, mBG1, mBG2, and mBG3, were synthesized for comparison. A ninhydrin reaction was used to quantify the APMA content; mBG1, mBG2, and mBG3 had 21%, 37%, and 52% of APMA, respectively. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) results showed that BA copolymers possess molecular weights of 16,200 (BA1), 20,900(BA2), and 27,200(BA3) g/mol. The plasmid DNA (pDNA) complexing ability of the obtained block copolymer gene carriers was also investigated. The charge ratios (N/P) were 8, 16, and 4 when pDNA was complexed completely with mBG1, mBG2, mBG3, respectively. When the N/P ratio of mBG/pDNA polyplexes was higher than 1, the Zeta potential of mBG was positive. At an N/P ratio between 16 and 32, the average particle size of mBG/pDNA polyplexes was between 100-200 nm. Overall, this work illustrates a simple and convenient protocol for the block copolymer carrier synthesis.

This work presents the preparation of methionine functionalized biocompatible block copolymers (mBG) via the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) method. The plasmid DNA complexing ability of the obtained mBG and their transfection efficiency were also investigated. The RAFT method is very beneficial for polymerizing monomers containing special functional groups.

標的プラスミドDNA送達に対するメチオニン機能性生体適合性共重合体

Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization integrates the advantages of radical polymerization and living polymerization. This ...

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications

A method for synthesizing photoactive inorganic&#160;perovskite quantum dot inks and an inkjet printer deposition method, using the synthesized inks, are demonstrated. The ink synthesis is based on a simple wet chemical reaction and the inkjet printing protocol is a facile step by step method. The inkjet printed thin films have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, optical absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescent spectroscopy, and electronic transport measurements. X-ray diffraction of the printed quantum dot films indicates a crystal structure consistent with an orthorhombic room temperature phase with (001) orientation. In conjunction with other characterization methods, the X-ray diffraction&#160;measurements show high quality films can be obtained through the inkjet printing method.

A protocol for synthesizing inorganic-lead-halide hybrid perovskite quantum dot inks for inkjet printing and the protocol for preparing and printing the quantum dot inks in an inkjet printer with post characterization techniques are presented.

太陽光発電のアプリケーションのすべての無機塩ペロブスカイト型インキを印刷インク ジェット

A method for synthesizing photoactive inorganic&#160;perovskite quantum dot inks and an inkjet printer deposition method, using the synthesized inks, are ...

Reactive Inkjet Printing and Propulsion Analysis of Silk-based Self-propelled Micro-stirrers

In this study, a protocol for using reactive inkjet printing to fabricate enzymatically propelled silk swimmers with well-defined shapes is reported. The resulting devices are an example of self-propelled objects capable of generating motion without external actuation and have potential applications in medicine and environmental sciences for a variety of purposes ranging from micro-stirring, targeted therapeutic delivery, to water remediation (e.g., cleaning oil spills). This method employs reactive inkjet printing to generate well-defined small-scale solid silk structures by converting water soluble regenerated silk fibroin (silk I) to insoluble silk fibroin (silk II). These structures are also selectively doped in specific regions with the enzyme catalase in order to produce motion via bubble generation and detachment. The number of layers printed determines the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the device, and so here the effect of this parameter on the propulsive trajectories is reported. The results demonstrate the ability to tune the motion by varying the dimensions of the printed structures.

This protocol demonstrates the ability to utilize reactive inkjet printing to print self-motile biocompatible and environmentally friendly micro-stirrers for use in biomedical and environmental applications.

シルクベース自走式マイクロスターラーの反応性インクジェット印刷と推進力解析

In this study, a protocol for using reactive inkjet printing to fabricate enzymatically propelled silk swimmers with well-defined shapes is reported. The ...