Name: noninvasive eeg recordings from freely moving piglets
Uploaded: 2018-07-13T15:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 4 min 5 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Noninvasive EEG Recordings from Freely Moving Piglets at JoVE.com

ヘルムート ・ ショイレーベ ホーフグート Neumühle で豚舎で研究を実施する機会のために感謝したいと思います。

すべてのプロシージャ (#23177-07/G10-1-010/G 15-15-011) ローカル倫理委員会で承認された、欧州およびドイツの国民の規則 (欧州社会理事会指令、86/609/ECC が続いたTierschutzgesetz)。
すべての動物手術は医療センターのヨハネス ・ グーテンベルク大学マインツ アニマル ・ ケア委員会の規則に従って。
1. セットアップ
<ol><li>実験前に回線のノイズを確認し、アンテナとセットアップの適切な場所を見つけます。回線のノイズが 60 か 50 Hz の正弦波として表示されます。 注意: アンテナと送信機と受信機間の距離特にの配置は、システムの伝送強さによって決まります。ここで使用されるシステムは、調整可能です。それは比較的低消費電力、約 3 の m 伝送可能にされました。また、豚舎で金属フェンスできる信号を湿らせ、干渉を引き起こします。この場合、金属製のケージ内にアンテナを配置する必要です。</li>
	<li>ケーブル ドラムを使用して電源をセットアップします。使用されている特定のテレメトリ システムのラップトップ、レシーバー ユニット、アナログ-デジタル変換 (必要な場合) に接続します。 注: ここで使用される遠隔測定システムは、受信機にデジタル データを送信しました。これは、他のシステムの異なる場合があります。</li>
	<li>ミキシング ブロックと同様、電極、接着剤、綿棒とワイプを別のテーブルに配置します。</li>
	<li>短いケーブルの電極を準備します。電極をカットし、動物のサイズに応じて、可能な限り短い長さを再度半田付け。ケーブル必要がありますデータの転送、遠隔の脳波ユニットと頭の上の目的の記録の位置を接続するのに十分な長さ。長すぎるケーブルを反跳し、皮膚接着剤シリコーン ・ エラストマーで覆われている必要があります。反跳する必要があります長いケーブルは、大きくて重いシリコーン修正パッチを作る。</li>
</ol>2. 子豚
<ol><li>胸部、脚でつかんで子豚をキャッチします。それを保持し、排便や排尿に注意してください。</li>
	<li>必要に応じて、番号を持つ子豚をマークします。</li>
	<li>タオルで子豚をラップします。子豚が静まるでしょう。子豚の過熱の注意してください。</li>
	<li>体や前腕で片手で子豚を保持します。鼻を保持するために他の手を使用します。子豚の過熱に注意してください、それは正常な呼吸に無料かどうかを確認します。</li>
</ol>3. 電極
<ol><li>電極を接続する 2 番目の人があります。</li>
	<li>水やエタノールで汚れから肌をクリーンアップします。必要な場合は、頭部を剃る。</li>
	<li>研磨の脳波ゲルと q-ティップ、死んだ皮膚細胞を削除します。その後研磨ジェルを取り外します。また、サンドペーパーを使用します。</li>
	<li>目的の場所に自己粘着性の電極を修正します。(耳) 間小脳上接地電極を配置と鼻の上参照電極。目的の場所に記録電極を配置します。 注: この場合、単極記録だったため、実行参照は中立的な立場 (鼻部) に置かれました。ない標準化されたシステム利用できるある子豚の今まで。ここでは、頭頂部記録位置は、左右の脳半球に (目と耳) の間使用されました。</li>
	<li>テレメトリ ユニットにケーブルを接続します。ユニットの電源を入れます。テレメトリ システムの使用によってこれは磁気スイッチまたは無線周波数のウェイク アップ信号かもしれません。</li>
	<li>テレメトリ ユニットをカバーし、すべてのケーブル 2 成分皮膚接着シリコーンゴムを使用だけでなく、すべての電極 (材料の表を参照してください)。両方のコンポーネントの同量を混合することによって硬化時間が 1 分の目の範囲になり、まつげは、ゴムに覆われるべきであるないです。</li>
	<li>シリコーン ゴムが完全に硬化するまで待ちます。</li>
	<li>豚小屋に戻って子豚を配置します。</li>
	<li>ピグレット (数分) の時間の長い期間にわたって不快の徴候を示しているかどうかを確認します。</li>
</ol>4. 測定
<ol><li>通常の 30 後子豚が治りました (餌、遊んで、寝ている)、その兄弟とその動作を同期を開始するまでを待つ s (図 1)。</li>
	<li>必要な場合は、睡眠段階を待ちます。録音時間は、特定の科学的問題に依存します。ここでは、10 分のレコーディング セッションが使用されました。</li>
	<li>テレメトリ ユニットは、他の 2 以上の子豚で覆われている、信号が受信機の低すぎる可能性があります。彼らは上に眠っている場合、子豚を離れて軽く押します。の種をまくに注意してくださいそれは積極的に反応する可能性があります。</li>
	<li>データ集録ソフトウェアが記録を開始 (材料の表を参照してください)。</li>
</ol>5. 仕上げ加工
<ol><li>(通常数時間) 記録をキャッチ後子豚再びとして記載されている手順 2 で。の種をまくに注意してくださいそれは積極的に反応する可能性があります。</li>
	<li>1 つのエッジにシリコン ラバーをそっと持ち上げます。その後、電極およびテレメトリ ユニットを含むシリコーン ゴムのパッチ全体を削除します。子豚の目に注意します。</li>
	<li>豚小屋に戻って子豚を配置します。</li>
</ol>

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著者が明らかに何もありません。

プロトコルの重要なステップは、十分な皮膚の接触電極、特に接地電極低ノイズで安定した録音を達成するためにです。さらに、豚は非常に機敏なので、シリコーン ゴム電極とテレメトリ ユニットを保護するためにシステム全体をカバーすることが重要です。さらに、スラット床で安定に実験を行う場合は、小型のデバイスまたはコネクタに注意します。
自己粘着ゲル...

子豚は、神経科学1新興モデル システムです。橋渡し研究を強化するために、我々 は気ままな子豚2 (図 1および図 2) から非侵襲的、臨床脳波を記録する方法を発明しました。脳波、脳の成熟に関連する脳波パターンについての並進使用の 2 つの前提条件は、非侵襲的な方法論、臨床設定と鎮静剤や麻酔の禁欲に匹敵します。自己粘着性電極との組み合わせで 1 ch テレメトリー システム3その後約 5 分で修正できる、豚を処理プロシージャから迅速にリカバリし、餌や睡眠、その他の行動を同期させる豚と雌豚。
にもかかわらず、すでに鎮静動物4から非侵襲的な脳波を使用する試みがある、動物から脳波研究のほとんどを侵襲的アプローチを行っています。これらのメソッドは、炎症性プロセス注入電極5,6周りに関する副作用を持っている、ほとんどの場合、彼らは注入脳波システムの外部コンポーネントによる動物の社会的分離を必要と。したがって、これらのデータを臨床コンテキストの翻訳は難しいです。トランスレーショナル アプローチの必要性は、実際には、それはまだ知られていない臨床、非侵襲的な脳波7で「普通の」脳成熟皮質発育初期の表現方法によって明らかになっています。この知識のギャップは早産から脳波に関連付けられている技術的な課題による8の赤ちゃん。動物のモデル システムでは、ほとんどの動物は、人間の大脳皮質発達9と比較すると「早産脳」と生まれているので初期皮質発達のパターンいますアクセス。皮質の開発は、2種の保存されたパターンがある他に最近示されている preterm 赤ちゃんから脳波では、個々 の臨床結果を後の人生10,11時に予測できるも。ここで説明する方法は、大隅の並進の側面の便利です。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Disposable adhesive&lt;br/&gt; surface silver/silver chloride electrodes</td><td>Spes&lt;br/&gt; Medica S.r.l., Genova, Italy</td><td></td><td>Self adhesive hydrogel electrode</td></tr><tr><td>Abralyt HiCl</td><td>Easycap GmbH</td><td></td><td>Abrasive cream</td></tr><tr><td>Body Double fast</td><td>Smooth On Inc.</td><td></td><td>Skin adhesive silicone</td></tr><tr><td>Telemetry system</td><td></td><td></td><td>Internal development</td></tr><tr><td>Picolog 1216</td><td>Pico Technology</td><td></td><td>AD converter</td></tr><tr><td>Laptop</td><td>Panasonic</td><td></td><td>Rugged laptop</td></tr><tr><td>Receiver</td><td></td><td></td><td>Internal development</td></tr></tbody></table>

noninvasive eeg recordings from freely moving piglets

メソッドは、直接豚舎で豚を自由に移動から高品質脳波の記録を許可します。標準的な自己粘着ゲル電極との組み合わせで 1 ch 遠隔脳波システムを使用します。豚は、鎮静剤を使用せず落ち着いて。豚舎に彼らのリリース後、子豚は正常に動作-彼らは飲む、睡眠、兄弟と同じサイクルで。自分の睡眠段階は、脳波記録に使用されます。

関連付けられている、非-レム睡眠, スピンドル バーストや子豚 (図 1および図 2) を自由に移動するから、デルタのブラシのような典型的な脳波を記録することができました。代表的なパターンに興味を持っていた主の間にレム睡眠は、以外の非常に低振幅とレム様睡眠12の段階もされている (<strong class="xfi...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Noninvasive EEG Recordings from Freely Moving Piglets at JoVE.com

Noninvasive EEG Recordings from Freely Moving Piglets

ここでは、レコード遠隔脳波に直接鎮静剤を使わない豚舎で豚を自由に移動からのプロトコルを提案、バースト典型的な脳波パターンを記録中にレム睡眠は、以外の主軸のようすることが可能。

子豚を自由に移動するから非侵襲的脳波

The method allows the recording of high-quality electroencephalograms (EEGs) from freely moving piglets directly in the pigpen. We use a one-channel ...

noninvasive-eeg-recordings-from-freely-moving-piglets

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

7.2K ビュー.  Free University Berlin. ここでは、レコード遠隔脳波に直接鎮静剤を使わない豚舎で豚を自由に移動からのプロトコルを提案、バースト典型的な脳波パターンを記録中にレム睡眠は、以外の主軸のようすることが可能。

ビデオ: Noninvasive EEG Recordings from Freely Moving Piglets

Recording EEG in Freely Moving Neonatal Rats Using a Novel Method

EEG is a useful method to detect electrical activity in the brain. Moreover, it is a widely used diagnostic tool for various neurological conditions, such as epilepsy and neurodegenerative disorders. However, it is technically difficult to obtain EEG recordings in neonates as it requires specialized handling and great care. Here, we present a novel method to record EEG in neonatal rat pups (P8-P15). We designed a simple and reliable electrode using computer pin loci; it can be easily implanted into the skull of a rat pup to record high-quality EEG signals in the normal and epileptic brain. Pups were given an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of the neurotoxin kainic acid (KA) to induce epileptic seizures. The surgical implantation performed in this procedure is less expensive than other EEG procedures for neonates. This method allows one to record high-quality and stable EEG signals for more than 1 week. Furthermore, this procedure can also be applied to adult rats and mice to study epilepsy or other neurological disorders.

Here, we introduce a novel technique designed to record electroencephalography (EEG) in freely moving neonatal epileptic pups and describe its procedures, features, and applications. This method allows one to record EEG for more than 1 week.

新しい方法を用いた自由に動く新生児ラットの脳波記録

EEG is a useful method to detect electrical activity in the brain. Moreover, it is a widely used diagnostic tool for various neurological conditions, such ...

神経科学

Adaptation of Microelectrode Array Technology for the Study of Anesthesia-induced Neurotoxicity in the Intact Piglet Brain

Every year, millions of children undergo anesthesia for a multitude of procedures. However, studies in both animals and humans have called into question the safety of anesthesia in children, implicating anesthetics as potentially toxic to the brain in development. To date, no studies have successfully elucidated the mechanism(s) by which anesthesia may be neurotoxic. Animal studies allow investigation of such mechanisms, and neonatal piglets represent an excellent model to study these effects due to their striking developmental similarities to the human brain.
This protocol adapts the use of enzyme-based microelectrode array (MEA) technology as a novel way to study the mechanism(s) of anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity (AIN). MEAs enable real-time monitoring of in vivo neurotransmitter activity and offer exceptional temporal and spatial resolution. It is hypothesized that anesthetic neurotoxicity is caused in part by glutamate dysregulation and MEAs offer a method to measure glutamate. The novel implementation of MEA technology in a piglet model presents a unique opportunity for the study of AIN.

This study explores the novel use of enzyme-based microelectrode array (MEA) technology to monitor in vivo neurotransmitter activity in piglets. The hypothesis was that glutamate dysregulation contributes to the mechanism of anesthetic neurotoxicity. Here, we present a protocol to adapt MEA technology to study the mechanism of anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity.

そのまま子豚脳内麻酔神経毒性の研究のための微小電極アレイ技術の適応

Every year, millions of children undergo anesthesia for a multitude of procedures. However, studies in both animals and humans have called into question ...

Subdural Soft Electrocorticography (ECoG) Array Implantation and Long-Term Cortical Recording in Minipigs

Neurological impairments and diseases can be diagnosed or treated using electrocorticography (ECoG) arrays. In drug-resistant epilepsy, these help delineate the epileptic region to resect. In long-term applications such as brain-computer interfaces, these epicortical electrodes are used to record the movement intention of the brain, to control the robotic limbs of paralyzed patients. However, current stiff electrode grids do not answer the need for high-resolution brain recordings and long-term biointegration. Recently, conformable electrode arrays have been proposed to achieve long-term implant stability with high performance. However, preclinical studies for these new implant technologies are needed to validate their long-term functionality and safety profile for their translation to human patients. In this context, porcine models are routinely employed in developing medical devices due to their large organ sizes and easy animal handling. However, only a few brain applications are described in the literature, mostly due to surgery limitations and integration of the implant system on a living animal.
Here, we report the method for long-term implantation (6 months) and evaluation of soft ECoG arrays in the minipig model. The study first presents the implant system, consisting of a soft microfabricated electrode array integrated with a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-compatible polymeric transdermal port that houses instrumentation connectors for electrophysiology recordings. Then, the study describes the surgical procedure, from subdural implantation to animal recovery. We focus on the auditory cortex as an example target area where evoked potentials are induced by acoustic stimulation. We finally describe a data acquisition sequence that includes MRI of the whole brain, implant electrochemical characterization, intraoperative and freely moving electrophysiology, and immunohistochemistry staining of the extracted brains.
This model can be used to investigate the safety and function of novel design of cortical prostheses; mandatory preclinical study to envision translation to human patients.

Subdural Soft Electrocorticography ECoG Array Implantation and Long-Term Cortical Recording in Minipigs

Here, we present a method for the long-term performance and safety assessment of soft subdural electrode arrays in a minipig model, describing surgical method and tools, postoperative magnetic resonance imaging, electrophysiology of the auditory cortex, electrochemical properties of the implant, and postmortem immunochemistry.

ミニブタにおける硬膜下軟性皮質電図(ECoG)アレイ移植と長期皮質記録

Neurological impairments and diseases can be diagnosed or treated using electrocorticography (ECoG) arrays. In drug-resistant epilepsy, these help ...

生物工学

Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse

Electrocardiography (ECG) has long been relied upon as an effective and reliable method of assessing cardiovascular (and cardiopulmonary) function in both human and animal models of disease. Individual heart rate, rhythm, and regularity, combined with quantitative parameters collected from ECG, serve to assess the integrity of the cardiac conduction system as well as the integrated physiology of the cardiac cycle. This article provides a comprehensive description of the methods and techniques used to perform a noninvasive ECG on perinatal and neonatal mouse pups as early as the first postnatal day, without requiring the use of anesthetics. This protocol was designed to directly address a need for a standardized and repeatable method for obtaining ECG in newborn mice. From a translational perspective, this protocol proves to be entirely effective for characterization of congenital cardiopulmonary defects generated using transgenic mouse lines, and particularly for analysis of defects causing lethality at or during the first postnatal days. This protocol also aims to directly address a gap in the scientific literature to characterize and provide normative data associated with maturation of the early postnatal cardiac conduction system. This method is not limited to a specific postnatal timepoint, but rather allows for ECG data collection in neonatal mouse pups from birth to postnatal day 10 (P10), a window that is of critical importance for modeling human diseases in vivo, with particular emphasis on congenital heart disease (CHD).

Here, we present a noninvasive electrocardiography (ECG) protocol, optimized for early postnatal mice, that does not require the use of anesthetics.

周産期マウスにおける非侵襲性心電図

Electrocardiography (ECG) has long been relied upon as an effective and reliable method of assessing cardiovascular (and cardiopulmonary) function in both ...

医学

Echocardiography Recording in Awake Miniature Pigs

Echocardiography uses ultrasonic waves to non-invasively assess cardiac structure and function and is the standard of care for cardiac assessment and monitoring. The miniature pig, or minipig, is increasingly being used as a model of cardiac disease in medical research. Pigs are notoriously difficult to restrain and handle safely, and, therefore, research echocardiography in this species is almost always performed under anesthesia or heavy sedation. Anesthetics and sedatives universally affect cardiovascular function and may cause the depression of cardiac output and blood pressure, increases or decreases in heart rate and systemic vascular resistance, changes in the electrical rhythm, and altered coronary blood flow. Therefore, sedated or anesthetized echocardiography may not accurately depict the progression of cardiac disease in large animal models, thereby limiting the translational value of these important studies. This paper describes a novel device that allows for standing awake echocardiography in minipigs. In addition, training techniques used to teach pigs to tolerate this painless and non-invasive procedure without the need for hemodynamic-altering anesthetics are described. Standing awake echocardiography represents a safe and feasible way to perform the most common cardiac monitoring test in minipigs for cardiovascular research.

A simple cart construct, built to perform research echocardiography in standing awake minipigs, is described, along with building considerations, training techniques, and representative ultrasound images.

覚醒したミニブタにおける心エコー検査記録

Echocardiography uses ultrasonic waves to non-invasively assess cardiac structure and function and is the standard of care for cardiac assessment and ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>皮下電極配置を用いたウサギの連続脳波/心電図記録

Surgical Implant Procedure and Wiring Configuration for Continuous Long-Term EEG/ECG Monitoring in Rabbits

A multi-system approach that includes the continuous collection of electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings facilitates a comprehensive assessment of electrical activity in the brain and heart, particularly leading up to and surrounding episodic events. Building on our previous protocol that facilitates the collection of intermittent EEG/ECG recordings from conscious restrained rabbits, we developed a protocol for the collection of continuous EEG/ECG recordings from unrestrained rabbits. This new method enables high-quality 24/7 recordings in the housing cage, which captures the normal range of physiological states and enables the rabbits to move, eat, drink, and sleep freely. It enables comprehensive assessments of the prevalence, incidence, and susceptibility to EEG/ECG abnormalities, seizures, arrhythmias, and sudden death. This procedure involves the surgical placement of subdermal electrodes and the design and manufacturing of a robust wiring system that is impervious to damage by the rabbits. The surgical procedure includes two incisions and the sub-dermal tunneling of nine electrodes and wires that exit through a custom-made port. The external connector attaches to a wire harness that includes an electrical swivel, which allows for&#160;free range of rabbit motion throughout its cage. Additionally, the wires are enclosed in a metal sheath suspended by a retractor cable from the ceiling of the rabbit&#39;s cage. The wires are then connected to an amplifier/digitizer for the acquisition of high-quality continuous EEG/ECG recordings.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>ウサギの長期EEG/ECGモニタリングのための外科的インプラント手順と配線構成

The study outlines a protocol for the design, manufacturing, and placement of a novel continuous EEG/ECG recording system in rabbits. This hard-wired system allows for continuous EEG/ECG recordings from nine distinct electrodes on the head and chest, which facilitates comprehensive assessments of electrical activity in the brain and heart.

ウサギの長期EEG/ECGモニタリングのための外科的インプラント手順と配線構成

A multi-system approach that includes the continuous collection of electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings facilitates a ...

Measuring Brain Glutamate Levels Under Anesthesia in Neonatal Piglets Using a Microelectrode Array

Source: Geyer, E. D., et al. <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/57391">Adaptation of Microelectrode Array Technology for the Study of Anesthesia-induced Neurotoxicity in the Intact Piglet Brain.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2018).
This video demonstrates the measurement of glutamate levels in the brain of an anesthetized neonatal piglet using a microelectrode array (MEA). The procedure involves creating a craniotomy window in the pig skull and inserting the MEA into the brain region of interest. The glutamate-oxidase-coated recording sites of the MEA convert extracellular brain glutamate to hydrogen peroxide, which generates a measurable current. This current is measured and normalized against background noise to determine brain glutamate levels under anesthesia.

微小電極アレイを用いた新生児仔の麻酔下での脳グルタミン酸濃度の測定

All procedures involving animal models have been reviewed by the local institutional animal care committee and the JoVE veterinary review board.
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JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

Neurophysiology

Electrophysiology Techniques

Subdural Implantation of a Soft Electrocorticography Array for Cortical Electrophysiology Recording in Minipigs

Source: Fallegger, F. et al., <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/64997">Subdural Soft Electrocorticography (ECoG) Array Implantation and Long-Term Cortical Recording in Minipigs.</a>&#160;J. Vis. Exp. (2023).
This video demonstrates the implantation of a soft electrocorticography array and the long-term cortical recordings in a minipig. It outlines the steps involved in surgically implanting the array over the minipig&#39;s auditory cortex and recording both baseline and sound stimulus-evoked neuronal action potentials.

子豚を自由に移動するから非侵襲的脳波

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新しい方法を用いた自由に動く新生児ラットの脳波記録

そのまま子豚脳内麻酔神経毒性の研究のための微小電極アレイ技術の適応

ミニブタにおける硬膜下軟性皮質電図(ECoG)アレイ移植と長期皮質記録

周産期マウスにおける非侵襲性心電図

覚醒したミニブタにおける心エコー検査記録

ウサギの長期EEG/ECGモニタリングのための外科的インプラント手順と配線構成

ウサギの長期EEG/ECGモニタリングのための外科的インプラント手順と配線構成

ウサギの長期EEG/ECGモニタリングのための外科的インプラント手順と配線構成

微小電極アレイを用いた新生児仔の麻酔下での脳グルタミン酸濃度の測定

ミニブタの皮質電気生理学記録のための軟皮質電気皮質検査アレイの硬膜下移植