Name: noninvasive eeg recordings from freely moving piglets
Uploaded: 2018-07-13T15:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 4 min 5 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Noninvasive EEG Recordings from Freely Moving Piglets at JoVE.com

我们要感谢 Scheu 的机会, 在猪圈 Hofgut Neumühle 进行我们的研究。

所有程序均经当地道德委员会批准 (#23177 07/G10-1-010/G 15-15-011), 并遵循欧洲和德国国家条例 (欧洲共同体理事会指令, 86/609/ECC;Tierschutzgesetz)。
所有动物程序都是按照古腾堡的医疗中心-大学美因法动物保育委员会的规定进行的。
1. 设置
<ol><li>在实验之前, 检查任何线路噪音, 并找到一个适当的位置, 设置和天线。线噪声是可见的60或50赫兹正弦波。 注意: 天线的位置, 特别是发射机和接收器之间的距离取决于系统的传输强度。这里使用的系统是可调整的。它被调整了到一个相对地低力量, 与大约 3 m 传输范围。此外, 猪圈中的金属栅栏可以抑制信号并引起干扰。在这种情况下, 有必要将天线放在金属笼内。</li>
	<li>使用电缆鼓提供线路电源设置。将笔记本电脑、接收器单元和模拟数字转换器 (如有必要) 连接到正在使用的特定遥测系统。 注: 这里使用的遥测系统向接收器发送数字数据。这可能与其他系统不同。</li>
	<li>将电极、粘合剂、Q 尖和湿巾以及混合块放在一个单独的桌子上。</li>
	<li>用短电缆准备电极。要做到这一点, 切电极和焊料, 其长度尽可能短, 取决于动物的大小。电缆必须足够长的时间将所需的记录位置与遥测脑电图单元连接, 传输数据。太长的电缆必须退缩和覆盖与皮肤胶粘剂硅胶弹性体。更长的电缆必须退缩, 使硅胶补丁更大, 更重。</li>
</ol>2. 小猪
<ol><li>抓一只小猪, 抓住它的腿或胸部。保持它, 并注意任何大便或排尿。</li>
	<li>如有必要, 用数字标记小猪。</li>
	<li>把小猪裹在毛巾里。小猪会冷静下来的。注意使小猪过热。</li>
	<li>用一只手握住小猪的身体或前臂。用另一只手握住鼻子。注意使小猪过热, 并确保它是自由呼吸正常。</li>
</ol>3. 电极
<ol><li>有第二个人连接电极。</li>
	<li>用水或乙醇清洁皮肤。如有必要, 剃掉头。</li>
	<li>用磨料脑电图凝胶和 Q 尖清除任何死皮细胞。以后去掉磨料凝胶。或者, 使用砂纸。</li>
	<li>固定在所需位置的自粘电极。将接地电极置于小脑 (耳朵之间) 和鼻子上的参考电极之上。将录音电极放在所需位置。 注: 在这种情况下, 执行单极录音, 因为参考被放置在一个中性位置 (鼻子)。目前尚无标准的仔猪可供使用。在这里, 在右脑半球使用了一个顶叶记录位置 (眼睛和耳朵之间)。</li>
	<li>将电缆连接到遥测设备。打开设备。根据所使用的遥测系统, 这可能是一个磁开关或射频唤醒信号。</li>
	<li>覆盖遥测装置和所有电缆以及所有电极与双组分皮肤胶粘剂硅橡胶 (参见材料表)。通过混合相同数量的两个组分, 固化时间将在1分钟的范围内, 眼睛和睫毛不应该覆盖橡胶。</li>
	<li>等到硅橡胶完全固化。</li>
	<li>把小猪放回猪圈。</li>
	<li>观察小猪, 看看它是否在较长的时间内显示出不适的迹象 (几分钟)。</li>
</ol>4. 测量
<ol><li>等待, 直到小猪恢复, 并开始同步其行为与它的同胞 (喂养, 玩耍, 睡眠), 通常在三十年代后 (图 1)。</li>
	<li>如果需要, 等待睡眠阶段。记录时间取决于具体的科学问题。这里使用了10分钟的录音会话。</li>
	<li>如果遥测单元的覆盖范围超过2其他仔猪, 信号可能过低, 接收器。如果他们睡在上面, 轻轻地把小猪推开。注意母猪;它可能会有积极的反应。</li>
	<li>用数据采集软件开始录音 (见材料表)。</li>
</ol>5. 完成
<ol><li>录音之后 (通常几个小时), 再次捕捉小猪, 正如在步骤2中所描述的那样。注意母猪;它可能会有积极的反应。</li>
	<li>轻轻地举起硅橡胶在一边。然后, 除去含有电极和遥测装置的硅橡胶的整个补丁。小心小猪的眼睛。</li>
	<li>把小猪放回猪圈。</li>
</ol>

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作者没有什么可透露的。

该协议的一个关键步骤是适当的皮肤接触与电极, 特别是接地电极, 以实现稳定的录音, 低噪音。此外, 由于仔猪非常敏捷, 所以必须用硅橡胶覆盖整个系统, 以保护电极和遥测装置。此外, 如果实验是在一个稳定的板条地板, 小心与小设备或连接器。
如果不充分掌握自粘性水凝胶电极, 尽量去除磨料奶油尽可能。另一种去除外层死皮层的方法是使用砂纸。酒精的预处理不是强制?...

仔猪是神经科学1的新兴模型系统。为了加强翻译研究, 我们发明了一种从无节制仔猪2 (图 1和图 2) 中记录无侵袭性、临床脑电图的方法。对脑电图记录的翻译使用的两个先决条件, 关于与皮质成熟有关的脑电图模式, 是一种非侵入性的方法, 可与临床设置相媲美, 也可以节制镇静剂或麻醉。单通道遥测系统3与自粘电极结合, 可固定在5分钟左右. 此后, 仔猪将迅速从处理过程中恢复, 并将其喂养和睡眠行为与其他小猪和母猪。
虽然已经有尝试使用非侵入性脑电图记录从镇静动物4, 多数脑电图研究从动物是以侵入的方法进行。这些方法对植入电极5、6周围的炎症过程有副作用, 在大多数情况下, 由于植入脑电图系统的外部成分, 它们需要动物的社会分离。因此, 将这些数据翻译到临床背景是困难的。对翻译方法的需要越来越清楚, 因为它仍然不知道如何在早期皮质发育期间的 "正常" 大脑成熟是由临床, 非侵入性脑电图7表示。这一知识缺口是由8早产儿脑电图记录所带来的技术挑战引起的。在动物模型系统中, 早期皮质发育的模式更容易获得, 因为大多数动物与人类皮质发育相比, 出生时有 "早产儿"9。除了2种动物皮质发育的保守模式外, 最近还发现早产儿的脑电图记录也可以预测10、11以后的个体临床结局。这里描述的方法对于发展神经科学的转化方面特别有用。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Disposable adhesive&lt;br/&gt; surface silver/silver chloride electrodes</td><td>Spes&lt;br/&gt; Medica S.r.l., Genova, Italy</td><td></td><td>Self adhesive hydrogel electrode</td></tr><tr><td>Abralyt HiCl</td><td>Easycap GmbH</td><td></td><td>Abrasive cream</td></tr><tr><td>Body Double fast</td><td>Smooth On Inc.</td><td></td><td>Skin adhesive silicone</td></tr><tr><td>Telemetry system</td><td></td><td></td><td>Internal development</td></tr><tr><td>Picolog 1216</td><td>Pico Technology</td><td></td><td>AD converter</td></tr><tr><td>Laptop</td><td>Panasonic</td><td></td><td>Rugged laptop</td></tr><tr><td>Receiver</td><td></td><td></td><td>Internal development</td></tr></tbody></table>

noninvasive eeg recordings from freely moving piglets

该方法允许在猪圈中直接从自由移动的仔猪中记录高质量的脑电图 (脑电图)。采用单通道遥测脑电图系统与标准自粘水凝胶电极结合使用。小猪在没有镇静剂的情况下平静下来。在释放到猪圈后, 小猪的行为正常--他们在同兄弟姐妹一样的循环中喝酒睡觉。他们的睡眠阶段用于脑电图录音。

我们能够记录与非 REM 睡眠相关的典型脑电图模式, 如主轴爆裂或三角洲刷子, 从自由移动的仔猪 (图 1和图 2)。我们主要对非 REM 睡眠期间的代表性模式感兴趣, 但也记录了一个非常低振幅的 REM 睡眠12的阶段 (图 3)。13种动物的生理和 REM 睡眠量各不相同。短 REM 阶段在几?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Noninvasive EEG Recordings from Freely Moving Piglets at JoVE.com

Noninvasive EEG Recordings from Freely Moving Piglets

在这里, 我们提出了一个协议, 记录遥测脑电图 (脑电图) 从自由移动仔猪直接在猪圈没有使用镇静剂, 使其能够记录典型的脑电图模式在非 REM 睡眠, 如纺锤爆发。

自由移动仔猪的无创脑电图记录

The method allows the recording of high-quality electroencephalograms (EEGs) from freely moving piglets directly in the pigpen. We use a one-channel ...

noninvasive-eeg-recordings-from-freely-moving-piglets

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

7.2K 次观看.  Free University Berlin. 在这里, 我们提出了一个协议, 记录遥测脑电图 (脑电图) 从自由移动仔猪直接在猪圈没有使用镇静剂, 使其能够记录典型的脑电图模式在非 REM 睡眠, 如纺锤爆发。

视频: Noninvasive EEG Recordings from Freely Moving Piglets

Recording EEG in Freely Moving Neonatal Rats Using a Novel Method

EEG is a useful method to detect electrical activity in the brain. Moreover, it is a widely used diagnostic tool for various neurological conditions, such as epilepsy and neurodegenerative disorders. However, it is technically difficult to obtain EEG recordings in neonates as it requires specialized handling and great care. Here, we present a novel method to record EEG in neonatal rat pups (P8-P15). We designed a simple and reliable electrode using computer pin loci; it can be easily implanted into the skull of a rat pup to record high-quality EEG signals in the normal and epileptic brain. Pups were given an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of the neurotoxin kainic acid (KA) to induce epileptic seizures. The surgical implantation performed in this procedure is less expensive than other EEG procedures for neonates. This method allows one to record high-quality and stable EEG signals for more than 1 week. Furthermore, this procedure can also be applied to adult rats and mice to study epilepsy or other neurological disorders.

Here, we introduce a novel technique designed to record electroencephalography (EEG) in freely moving neonatal epileptic pups and describe its procedures, features, and applications. This method allows one to record EEG for more than 1 week.

使用新颖的方法在自由移动的新生大鼠中记录脑电图

EEG is a useful method to detect electrical activity in the brain. Moreover, it is a widely used diagnostic tool for various neurological conditions, such ...

科研

神经科学

Adaptation of Microelectrode Array Technology for the Study of Anesthesia-induced Neurotoxicity in the Intact Piglet Brain

Every year, millions of children undergo anesthesia for a multitude of procedures. However, studies in both animals and humans have called into question the safety of anesthesia in children, implicating anesthetics as potentially toxic to the brain in development. To date, no studies have successfully elucidated the mechanism(s) by which anesthesia may be neurotoxic. Animal studies allow investigation of such mechanisms, and neonatal piglets represent an excellent model to study these effects due to their striking developmental similarities to the human brain.
This protocol adapts the use of enzyme-based microelectrode array (MEA) technology as a novel way to study the mechanism(s) of anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity (AIN). MEAs enable real-time monitoring of in vivo neurotransmitter activity and offer exceptional temporal and spatial resolution. It is hypothesized that anesthetic neurotoxicity is caused in part by glutamate dysregulation and MEAs offer a method to measure glutamate. The novel implementation of MEA technology in a piglet model presents a unique opportunity for the study of AIN.

This study explores the novel use of enzyme-based microelectrode array (MEA) technology to monitor in vivo neurotransmitter activity in piglets. The hypothesis was that glutamate dysregulation contributes to the mechanism of anesthetic neurotoxicity. Here, we present a protocol to adapt MEA technology to study the mechanism of anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity.

微电极阵列技术在完整仔猪脑麻醉诱导神经毒性研究中的应用

Every year, millions of children undergo anesthesia for a multitude of procedures. However, studies in both animals and humans have called into question ...

Subdural Soft Electrocorticography (ECoG) Array Implantation and Long-Term Cortical Recording in Minipigs

Neurological impairments and diseases can be diagnosed or treated using electrocorticography (ECoG) arrays. In drug-resistant epilepsy, these help delineate the epileptic region to resect. In long-term applications such as brain-computer interfaces, these epicortical electrodes are used to record the movement intention of the brain, to control the robotic limbs of paralyzed patients. However, current stiff electrode grids do not answer the need for high-resolution brain recordings and long-term biointegration. Recently, conformable electrode arrays have been proposed to achieve long-term implant stability with high performance. However, preclinical studies for these new implant technologies are needed to validate their long-term functionality and safety profile for their translation to human patients. In this context, porcine models are routinely employed in developing medical devices due to their large organ sizes and easy animal handling. However, only a few brain applications are described in the literature, mostly due to surgery limitations and integration of the implant system on a living animal.
Here, we report the method for long-term implantation (6 months) and evaluation of soft ECoG arrays in the minipig model. The study first presents the implant system, consisting of a soft microfabricated electrode array integrated with a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-compatible polymeric transdermal port that houses instrumentation connectors for electrophysiology recordings. Then, the study describes the surgical procedure, from subdural implantation to animal recovery. We focus on the auditory cortex as an example target area where evoked potentials are induced by acoustic stimulation. We finally describe a data acquisition sequence that includes MRI of the whole brain, implant electrochemical characterization, intraoperative and freely moving electrophysiology, and immunohistochemistry staining of the extracted brains.
This model can be used to investigate the safety and function of novel design of cortical prostheses; mandatory preclinical study to envision translation to human patients.

Subdural Soft Electrocorticography ECoG Array Implantation and Long-Term Cortical Recording in Minipigs

Here, we present a method for the long-term performance and safety assessment of soft subdural electrode arrays in a minipig model, describing surgical method and tools, postoperative magnetic resonance imaging, electrophysiology of the auditory cortex, electrochemical properties of the implant, and postmortem immunochemistry.

硬膜下软皮质电图 （ECoG） 阵列植入和小型猪的长期皮质记录

Neurological impairments and diseases can be diagnosed or treated using electrocorticography (ECoG) arrays. In drug-resistant epilepsy, these help ...

生物工程

Noninvasive Electrocardiography in the Perinatal Mouse

Electrocardiography (ECG) has long been relied upon as an effective and reliable method of assessing cardiovascular (and cardiopulmonary) function in both human and animal models of disease. Individual heart rate, rhythm, and regularity, combined with quantitative parameters collected from ECG, serve to assess the integrity of the cardiac conduction system as well as the integrated physiology of the cardiac cycle. This article provides a comprehensive description of the methods and techniques used to perform a noninvasive ECG on perinatal and neonatal mouse pups as early as the first postnatal day, without requiring the use of anesthetics. This protocol was designed to directly address a need for a standardized and repeatable method for obtaining ECG in newborn mice. From a translational perspective, this protocol proves to be entirely effective for characterization of congenital cardiopulmonary defects generated using transgenic mouse lines, and particularly for analysis of defects causing lethality at or during the first postnatal days. This protocol also aims to directly address a gap in the scientific literature to characterize and provide normative data associated with maturation of the early postnatal cardiac conduction system. This method is not limited to a specific postnatal timepoint, but rather allows for ECG data collection in neonatal mouse pups from birth to postnatal day 10 (P10), a window that is of critical importance for modeling human diseases in vivo, with particular emphasis on congenital heart disease (CHD).

Here, we present a noninvasive electrocardiography (ECG) protocol, optimized for early postnatal mice, that does not require the use of anesthetics.

围产期小鼠中的非侵入性心电图

Electrocardiography (ECG) has long been relied upon as an effective and reliable method of assessing cardiovascular (and cardiopulmonary) function in both ...

医学

Echocardiography Recording in Awake Miniature Pigs

Echocardiography uses ultrasonic waves to non-invasively assess cardiac structure and function and is the standard of care for cardiac assessment and monitoring. The miniature pig, or minipig, is increasingly being used as a model of cardiac disease in medical research. Pigs are notoriously difficult to restrain and handle safely, and, therefore, research echocardiography in this species is almost always performed under anesthesia or heavy sedation. Anesthetics and sedatives universally affect cardiovascular function and may cause the depression of cardiac output and blood pressure, increases or decreases in heart rate and systemic vascular resistance, changes in the electrical rhythm, and altered coronary blood flow. Therefore, sedated or anesthetized echocardiography may not accurately depict the progression of cardiac disease in large animal models, thereby limiting the translational value of these important studies. This paper describes a novel device that allows for standing awake echocardiography in minipigs. In addition, training techniques used to teach pigs to tolerate this painless and non-invasive procedure without the need for hemodynamic-altering anesthetics are described. Standing awake echocardiography represents a safe and feasible way to perform the most common cardiac monitoring test in minipigs for cardiovascular research.

A simple cart construct, built to perform research echocardiography in standing awake minipigs, is described, along with building considerations, training techniques, and representative ultrasound images.

清醒微型猪的超声心动图记录

Echocardiography uses ultrasonic waves to non-invasively assess cardiac structure and function and is the standard of care for cardiac assessment and ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>使用皮下电极放置的兔子连续 EEG/ECG 记录

Surgical Implant Procedure and Wiring Configuration for Continuous Long-Term EEG/ECG Monitoring in Rabbits

A multi-system approach that includes the continuous collection of electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings facilitates a comprehensive assessment of electrical activity in the brain and heart, particularly leading up to and surrounding episodic events. Building on our previous protocol that facilitates the collection of intermittent EEG/ECG recordings from conscious restrained rabbits, we developed a protocol for the collection of continuous EEG/ECG recordings from unrestrained rabbits. This new method enables high-quality 24/7 recordings in the housing cage, which captures the normal range of physiological states and enables the rabbits to move, eat, drink, and sleep freely. It enables comprehensive assessments of the prevalence, incidence, and susceptibility to EEG/ECG abnormalities, seizures, arrhythmias, and sudden death. This procedure involves the surgical placement of subdermal electrodes and the design and manufacturing of a robust wiring system that is impervious to damage by the rabbits. The surgical procedure includes two incisions and the sub-dermal tunneling of nine electrodes and wires that exit through a custom-made port. The external connector attaches to a wire harness that includes an electrical swivel, which allows for&#160;free range of rabbit motion throughout its cage. Additionally, the wires are enclosed in a metal sheath suspended by a retractor cable from the ceiling of the rabbit&#39;s cage. The wires are then connected to an amplifier/digitizer for the acquisition of high-quality continuous EEG/ECG recordings.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>用于兔连续长期 EEG/ECG 监测的外科植入物手术和布线配置

The study outlines a protocol for the design, manufacturing, and placement of a novel continuous EEG/ECG recording system in rabbits. This hard-wired system allows for continuous EEG/ECG recordings from nine distinct electrodes on the head and chest, which facilitates comprehensive assessments of electrical activity in the brain and heart.

用于兔连续长期 EEG/ECG 监测的外科植入物手术和布线配置

A multi-system approach that includes the continuous collection of electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings facilitates a ...

Measuring Brain Glutamate Levels Under Anesthesia in Neonatal Piglets Using a Microelectrode Array

Source: Geyer, E. D., et al. <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/57391">Adaptation of Microelectrode Array Technology for the Study of Anesthesia-induced Neurotoxicity in the Intact Piglet Brain.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2018).
This video demonstrates the measurement of glutamate levels in the brain of an anesthetized neonatal piglet using a microelectrode array (MEA). The procedure involves creating a craniotomy window in the pig skull and inserting the MEA into the brain region of interest. The glutamate-oxidase-coated recording sites of the MEA convert extracellular brain glutamate to hydrogen peroxide, which generates a measurable current. This current is measured and normalized against background noise to determine brain glutamate levels under anesthesia.

使用微电极阵列测量新生仔猪麻醉下脑谷氨酸水平

All procedures involving animal models have been reviewed by the local institutional animal care committee and the JoVE veterinary review board.
1. ...

JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

Neurophysiology

Electrophysiology Techniques

Subdural Implantation of a Soft Electrocorticography Array for Cortical Electrophysiology Recording in Minipigs

Source: Fallegger, F. et al., <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/64997">Subdural Soft Electrocorticography (ECoG) Array Implantation and Long-Term Cortical Recording in Minipigs.</a>&#160;J. Vis. Exp. (2023).
This video demonstrates the implantation of a soft electrocorticography array and the long-term cortical recordings in a minipig. It outlines the steps involved in surgically implanting the array over the minipig&#39;s auditory cortex and recording both baseline and sound stimulus-evoked neuronal action potentials.

自由移动仔猪的无创脑电图记录

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使用新颖的方法在自由移动的新生大鼠中记录脑电图

微电极阵列技术在完整仔猪脑麻醉诱导神经毒性研究中的应用

硬膜下软皮质电图（ECoG）阵列植入和小型猪的长期皮质记录

围产期小鼠中的非侵入性心电图

清醒微型猪的超声心动图记录

用于兔连续长期 EEG/ECG 监测的外科植入物手术和布线配置

用于兔连续长期 EEG/ECG 监测的外科植入物手术和布线配置

用于兔连续长期 EEG/ECG 监测的外科植入物手术和布线配置

使用微电极阵列测量新生仔猪麻醉下脑谷氨酸水平

硬膜下植入软皮层电图阵列，用于小型猪皮质电生理记录

自由移动仔猪的无创脑电图记录

摘要

探索更多视频

此视频中的章节

使用新颖的方法在自由移动的新生大鼠中记录脑电图

微电极阵列技术在完整仔猪脑麻醉诱导神经毒性研究中的应用

硬膜下软皮质电图 （ECoG） 阵列植入和小型猪的长期皮质记录

围产期小鼠中的非侵入性心电图

清醒微型猪的超声心动图记录

用于兔连续长期 EEG/ECG 监测的外科植入物手术和布线配置

用于兔连续长期 EEG/ECG 监测的外科植入物手术和布线配置

用于兔连续长期 EEG/ECG 监测的外科植入物手术和布线配置

使用微电极阵列测量新生仔猪麻醉下脑谷氨酸水平

硬膜下植入软皮层电图阵列，用于小型猪皮质电生理记录

硬膜下软皮质电图（ECoG）阵列植入和小型猪的长期皮质记录