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Method Article
Targeted cell delivery is useful in a variety of biomedical applications. The goal of this protocol is to use superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) to label cells and thereby enable magnetic cell targeting approaches for a high degree of control over cell delivery and localization.
세포 치료제의 표적 전달이 오프 - 표적 부위에 악영향을 최소화하면서 목표 부위에 치료 효과를 집중하여 의치 광범위한 애플리케이션 혜택 것이다. 자기 세포 타겟팅, 효율적인 안전하고 간단 전달 기술이다. 초상 자성 산화철 나노 입자 (SPION)은 생체 적합성, 생분해 성이며, 자기장에 응답들을 렌더링하기 위해 세포로 endocytosed 수있다. 합성 과정은 마그네타이트 FE (3 O 4)를 생성하는 것을 포함하는 폴리 (락트산 - 코 - 글리콜 산) (PLGA) 코팅을 형성하는 고속 유화 나노 입자. PLGA-마그네타이트 SPIONs는 약 10 nm의 직경을 포함 마그네타이트 코어 직경이 약 120 나노 미터이다. 문화 매체에 배치 할 때, SPIONs 자연스럽게 세포에 의해 endocytosed 및 세포질 엔도 좀 내 작은 클러스터로 저장됩니다. 이들 입자는 세포에 충분한 질량을 부여 자성자기장 내에서 대상을 허용합니다. 수많은 세포 정렬 및 대상 응용 프로그램은 자기장에 반응하는 다양한 세포 유형을 렌더링하여 사용할 수 있습니다. SPIONs뿐만 아니라 종양 치료 또는 조직 솔더링 로컬 고열증의 의료 영상 조영제로 사용, 표적 유전자 또는 약물 전달, 진단 분석 및 생성을 포함하는 다른 생물 의학 다양한 애플리케이션을 갖는다.
Targeted delivery and capture of cells to specific sites within the body is desirable for a variety of biomedical applications. Delivery of neural stem cells to the brain by MRI-guided focused ultrasound has been proposed as a possible treatment option for neurodegenerative disease, traumatic brain injury, and stroke1. Mesenchymal stem cells are being studied for their ability to deliver anti-cancer drugs to tumors due to their natural tumor-tropic properties2,3. Cardiac stem cells have been delivered to the heart as a possible treatment for myocardial infarction4,5. Vascular stents have been developed with CD34 antibodies to capture circulating progenitor cells6. While promising, these cell targeting approaches present drawbacks including lack of cell specificity, inconsistent cell retention, and off-target cell delivery.
The overall goal of the current method is to enable magnetically directed targeting of cells for a variety of cell delivery and sorting applications. Magnetic targeting allows for controlled delivery of specific cells to a specific target site with minimal off-target effects7. The magnetic fields can be generated by implanted or external devices to safely direct the movement of magnetically-labeled cells within the body8. Numerous research efforts have focused on magnetically directed targeting of stem cells to injured tissues such as the heart9-14, retina15, lung16, skin17, spinal cord18,19, bone20, liver21, and muscle22,23 in order to improve regeneration outcomes.
Magnetic targeting of cells has also been studied extensively as a means to endothelialize implantable cardiovascular devices. A uniform and complete endothelium provides a barrier between the device and circulating blood elements to mitigate thrombosis and inflammation. Endothelial cells can be delivered to the device either prior to implantation or via the vascular system following implantation. In both cases, magnetic fields are used to capture cells to the surface of the device and retain the cells when subjected to the shear stress generated by circulating blood. Magnetic vascular stents24-27 and vascular grafts28 have both been fabricated and tested for this purpose.
Magnetic cell targeting requires a strategy for labeling cells with magnetic carrier particles. These particles can be bound to the surface of cells via antibodies or ligand/receptor pairs or they can be endocytosed into the cells. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) are biodegradable, biocompatible, and readily endocytosed by a variety of cell types29. These particles effectively render a cell responsive to magnetic fields and are naturally degraded over time. SPIONs provide a straightforward and safe means of magnetically labeling cells in culture for a variety of magnetic targeting and sorting applications. A method for synthesizing SPIONs with a magnetite (Fe3O4) core and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) shell is provided. In addition, a method for labeling cells in culture with SPIONs is provided.
자철광 젤 1. 합성
자철광 젤 2. 정제
PLGA 셸 자철광 나노 입자의 코팅 (3)
4. 동결SPIONs의 -drying
SPIONs와 세포의 5 라벨링
마그네타이트 나노 입자는 50 ℃, 1000 rpm으로 (도 1) 및 철 (III) 클로라이드, 철 (II) 클로라이드 수화물 수용액을 교반 한 결과, 직경이 약 10 나노 미터이다. 이러한 결과는 마그네타이트 나노 입자가 성공적으로 합성을 보여준다. 이것은 처음으로 합성을 시도 할 때의 배치 작은 샘플로부터 취한 마그네타이트 나노 입자의 크기와 모양을 확인하는 것이 중요하다. 투과 전자 현미경 (TEM)?...
모든 나노 입자 합성 프로토콜로서, 화학 반응물의 순도는 최소한의 세포 독성 효과를 가질 것이다 고품질 SPIONs 달성을위한 중요하다. 이것은 올레산 (≥99 %), 철 (II) 클로라이드 수화물 (≥99.99 %), 철 (III) 클로라이드 (≥99.99 %), 에틸 아세테이트를 포함하여 매우 순수한 시약을 구입하는 것이 중요하다 (HPLC 등급, ≥99.9 % ), 헥산 (HPLC 등급, ≥97.0 %), 수산화 암모늄 (≥99.99 %) 및 황산나트륨 (≥99.0...
The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests.
The authors wish to acknowledge funding from the European Regional Development Fund – FNUSA-ICRC (no. CZ.1.05/ 1.1.00/ 02.0123), the American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant (AHA #06-35185N), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH #T32HL007111).
Name | Company | Catalog Number | Comments |
Ammonium Hydroxide solution, 28% NH3 in H2O, ≥99.99% trace metal basis | Sigma-Aldrich | 338818-100ML | Harmful reagent - wear personal protective equipment |
Dreschel bottle, 500 ml | Ace Glass | 5516-16 | |
Ethyl Acetate, CHROMASOLVR Plus, for HPLC, 99.9% | Sigma-Aldrich | 650528-1L | Harmful reagent - wear personal protective equipment & work in fume hood |
Ethyl alcohol | Sigma-Aldrich | E7023 | Harmful reagent - wear personal protective equipment |
Evaporating flask, 50 ml, 24/40 joint | Sigma-Aldrich | Z515558 | For use with rotoevaporator |
Filter paper, 3 cm dia, grade 1 | Fisher | 09-805P | For use with glass filter funnel |
Glass beakers, 1 L | Fisher | FB-101-1000 | For washing SPIONs |
Glass filter funnel, vacuum hose adapter, fits 24/40, 30 mL | Fisher | K954100-0344 | |
Glass vial caps | Fisher | 03-391-46 | For use with glass vials |
Glass vials, 2 ml | Fisher | 03-391-44 | For collecting magnetite gel & SPIONs |
Hexane, CHROMASOLVR, for HPLC, ≥97.0% (GC) | Sigma-Aldrich | 34859-1L | Harmful reagent - wear personal protective equipment & work in fume hood |
Hydrochloric acid | Sigma-Aldrich | H1758 | Harmful reagent - wear personal protective equipment & work in fume hood |
Iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate, ≥99.99% trace metals basis | Sigma-Aldrich | 380024-5G | Harmful reagent - wear personal protective equipment |
Iron(III) chloride anhydrous, powder, ≥99.99% trace metals basis | Sigma-Aldrich | 451649-1G | Harmful reagent - wear personal protective equipment |
Isomantle heater, 500 mL | Voight Global | EM0500/CEX1 | |
Laboratory mixer | Silverson | L5M-A | |
Lyophilizer | Labconco | 7670520 | |
Microspatulas | Fisher | 21-401-25A | For transfering magnetite gel |
NdFeB magnet, 1 in x 1 in x 1 in | Amazing Magnets | C1000H-M | Very strong magnet, handle with care |
Oleic acid, ≥99% (GC) | Sigma-Aldrich | O1008-5G | Store in freezer; Harmful reagent - wear personal protective equipment |
Overhead stirrer | IKA | 2572201 | |
Overhead stirrer clamp | IKA | 2664000 | For use with overhead stirrer |
Overhead stirrer H-stand | IKA | 1412000 | For use with overhead stirrer |
Phosphate buffered saline | Life Technologies | 10010-023 | |
Plastic beakers, 250 ml | Fisher | 02-591-28 | |
PLGA PURASORB PDLG (75/25 blend) | Purac | PDLG 7502 | PDLG 7502A may be used as well; Store in freezer |
Pluronic F-127 powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture | Sigma-Aldrich | P2443-250G | |
PTFE expandable blade paddle, 8 mm dia | SciQuip | SP4018 | |
PTFE vessel adapter, fits 24/40, 8 mm dia paddle | Monmouth Scientific | PTFE Vessel Adaptor A480 | For use with PTFE expandable blade paddle |
Recirculating chiller | Clarkson | 696613 | For use with rotoevaporator |
Reflux condenser, fits 24/40, 250 mm | Ace Glass | 5997-133 | |
Rotoevaporator | Clarkson | 216949 | |
Rubber septa, fits 24/40 | Ace Glass | 9096-56 | |
Separatory funnel with stopper, 250 ml | Fisher | 10-438E | |
Sodium sulfate ACS reagent, ≥99.0%, anhydrous, granular | Sigma-Aldrich | 239313-500G | |
Three neck round bottom flask, angled, 24/40 joints, 500 ml | Ace Glass | 6948-16 | |
Ultrasonic cleaner perforated pan | Fisher | 15-335-20A | For use with ultrasonic cleaner |
Ultrasonic cleaner, 2.8 L | Fisher | 15-335-20 | |
Vacuum controller | Clarkson | 216639 | For use with rotoevaporator (optional) |
Vacuum pump | Clarkson | 219959 | For use with rotoevaporator |
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