Name: preparation of herbal medicine: er-xian decoction and er-xian-containing serum for in vivo and in vitro experiments
Uploaded: 2017-05-31T15:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 8 min 7 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments at JoVE.com

이 작품은 중국 국립 자연 과학 재단 (81573992)의 지원을 받았다. 그들의 언어 편집 지원에 대해 Emily K. Lo와 Kathleen DiNapoli에게 감사드립니다.

이 프로토콜은 상하이 한의대의 동물 관리 지침을 따르며 동물 실험 상하이 동물 윤리위원회의 승인을 받았습니다. 1. 프로토콜 I : EXD 준비 <ol><li> 계산 <ol><li> EXD를 6 주령의 ICR (female Imprinting Control Region) 마우스 (0.02 kg / mouse) 10 마리의 치료 그룹에 12 주 동안 주 5 회 투여하십시오. 참고 : 총 1.702 EXD가 필요합니다. EXD는 개별 증분으로 측정되기 때문에 실제로는 2 개의 EXD를 관리해야합니다. </li><li> 마우스 당 EXD 부피를 계산하십시오 ( 예 : V = (0.1418 EXD / kg • 일) * (0.02 kg / 마우스) * 50 mL / EXD = 0.14 mL / 마우스 • 일). </li></ol></li><li> 몸을 담그다 <ol><li> 두 가지 EXD ( 즉, Curculigo orchioides Gaertn (18g), Herba Epimedii (18g), Radix Morindae Officinalis (18g), RAdix Angelicae Sinensis (18g), Cortex Phellodendri (12g), Rhizoma Anemarrhenae (12g), 총 96g)를 뚜껑이 달린 용기에 넣습니다. 참고 : 세라믹 용기를 사용하는 것이 좋습니다. </li><li> 생 약초를 500 mL의 증류수로 1 시간 동안 담그고; 물은 허브를 약 1 인치까지 덮어야합니다. 모든 허브가 완전히 흡수되도록하십시오. </li></ol></li><li> 첫 번째 물 추출 <ol><li> 물이 끓을 때까지 (약 5 ~ 10 분, 시간은 가열 력, 용기 및 허브와 물의 양에 따라 달라질 때까지) 가스 밥솥이나 고주파 밥솥을 사용하여 약초를 가열하십시오. 2 시간 동안 낮은 끓는 물로 전원을 끕니다. </li></ol></li><li> 첫 번째 여과 <ol><li> 일반 여과지 또는 거즈와면을 사용하여 500mL 유리 비이커를 덮으십시오. 조심스럽게 필터를 통해 비누에 달걀을 붓습니다. 컨테이너에 허브를 남겨주세요. </li><li> 남은 허브 잔여 물을 반환하십시오.용기에 걸러진 여과지. </li></ol></li><li> 2 차 수분 섭취 <ol><li> 허브와 함께 증류수를 용기에 넣으십시오. 약 1 인치 정도의 약초를 가려야합니다. </li><li> 단계 1.3을 반복하십시오. </li></ol></li><li> 2 차 여과 <ol><li> 1.4.1 및 1.4.2 단계를 반복하십시오. </li><li> 같은 비이커에 두 번째 달인을 붓는다. 첫 번째와 두 번째 즙을 함께 섞는다. </li></ol></li><li> 집중 <ol><li> 비누를 사이에 석면이없는 철제 거즈가 달린 가스 밥솥에 올려 놓고 낮은 끓인 물로 가열하고 천천히 연속적으로 유리 막대로 저어 준다. </li><li> 달임이 200 mL로 줄어들면 500 mL 비이커로 옮긴다. </li><li> 달여가 100 mL가 될 때까지 1.7.1 단계를 반복하십시오. </li></ol></li><li> 보관 및 관리 <ol><li> 농축 된 달걀을 멸균 유리 병에 옮기십시오. 그것은 room temperatu로 식도록 내버려둬 라.re (RT). 장기간 보관할 경우 1 주일 이내에 -70 ° C에서 사용하는 경우 4 ° C에서 보관하십시오. </li><li> 위관 (gavage) 바늘을 사용하여 1 일 1 회, 12 주 동안 1 주일에 1 회, 난소 절제 (OVX) 마우스에 0.14 mL / 마우스 췌장을 투여하십시오. </li></ol></li></ol> 2. 프로토콜 II : EXD 함유 세럼의 제조 <ol><li> 계산 <ol><li> 각 쥐 ​​(1 개월)의 체중으로 0.15 kg을 사용하여 쥐 - 등가 선량 (RED)을 계산하십시오 : dB = (1/60) * (90/100) * (60 / 0.15) 1/3 = 0.111 EXD / kg / 일. 참고 : 100 mL의 배지 (10 % EXD 함유 혈청)를 준비하기 위해 총 10 mL의 EXD 함유 혈청이 필요합니다. 각 쥐는 2 mL의 혈청을 제공해야합니다. 따라서 하루 3 회 EXD 투여를 위해서는 6 마리의 쥐 (20 %의 손실을 감안)가 필요합니다. EXD의 수는 다음과 같습니다 : (0.111 EXD / kg • day) * (0.15 kg / rat) * (6 마리) * (3 일) = 0.300 EXD. 다시, EXD는 이산 증분으로 측정되기 때문에,1 EXD를 사용하십시오. </li><li> 쥐 ( 즉, V = (0.111 EXD / kg • day) * (0.15 kg / rat) * (50 mL / EXD) = 0.83 mL / rat • day) 당 적용된 EXD의 부피를 계산합니다. </li></ol></li><li> 몸을 담그다 <ol><li> 1 EXD 용 원료를 뚜껑이 달린 용기에 넣으십시오. 생약을 증류수에 1 시간 동안 담가 두십시오. 물은 허브를 약 1 인치까지 덮어야합니다. 모든 허브가 완전히 흡수되도록하십시오. </li></ol></li><li> 첫 번째 물 추출 <ol><li> 물이 끓을 때까지 고전력의 유도 밥솥을 사용하여 약초를 가열하십시오 (약 5 ~ 10 분, 시간은 화력, 용기 및 허브와 물의 양에 따라 다릅니다). 2 시간 동안 낮은 끓는 물로 전원을 끕니다. </li></ol></li><li> 첫 번째 여과 <ol><li> 일반 여과지 또는 거즈와면을 사용하여 500mL 유리 비이커를 덮으십시오. 조심스럽게 필터를 통해 비누에 달걀을 붓습니다. 컨테이너에 허브를 남겨주세요. </li><li&gt; 여과지에있는 생약 잔여 물을 용기에 넣으십시오. </li></ol></li><li> 2 차 수분 섭취 <ol><li> 허브와 함께 증류수를 용기에 넣으십시오. 약 1 인치 정도의 약초를 가려야합니다. </li><li> 2.4 단계를 반복하십시오. </li></ol></li><li> 2 차 여과 <ol><li> 2.5.1 및 2.5.2 단계를 반복하십시오. </li><li> 두 번째 달인을 2.4.1 단계에서와 같은 비이커에 붓고 첫 번째와 두 번째 데오스를 함께 섞는다. </li></ol></li><li> 집중 <ol><li> 비누를 사이에 석면없는 철사 거즈가 달린 가스 밥솥에 올려 놓고 낮은 끓인 물로 가열하고 유리 막대로 천천히 연속적으로 저어 준다. </li><li> 달이기가 100 mL가 될 때까지 100 mL 비이커에 옮긴다. </li><li> 달임이 50 mL가 될 때까지 2.7.1 단계를 반복하십시오. </li></ol></li><li> 보관 및 관리 <ol><li> 농축 된 달걀을 증기로 옮기십시오.ile 유리 병입니다. 그것을 RT로 식히자. 장기간 보관할 경우 1 주일 이내에 -70 ° C에서 사용하는 경우 4 ° C에서 보관하십시오. </li><li> 1 일 1 회, 0.83 mL / 래트를 3 일간 위내에 투여한다. </li></ol></li><li> EXD 함유 혈청 제제 <ol><li> EXD의 마지막 투여 후 1 시간에 300mg / 100g의 80mg / kg ketamine과 10mg / kg xylazine을 복강 내 주사하여 쥐를 마취시킨다. 발끝으로 적절한 마취를 확인하십시오. </li><li> 메스를 사용하여 쥐의 피부와 복막을 복부에서 흉부 바닥으로 절개하십시오 (또는 가위를 똑바로 세우십시오). 각각 약 5cm와 0.5cm의 길이와 깊이의 절개를 만듭니다. 티슈 페이퍼를 사용하여 복부 내장을 왼쪽으로 움직입니다. </li><li> 휴지를 사용하여 복부 대동맥의 결합 조직을 제거하여 혈관을 명확하게 노출시킵니다. </li><li> 10 ML, 22 게이지 주사기를 사용하여 복부 대동맥에서 천천히 혈액을 그리십시오. 전송 대상 :바늘을 제거한 후 15mL 멸균 튜브; 한 마리의 쥐가 8-10 mL의 혈액을 생산할 수 있습니다. 참고 : 쥐는 혈액이 채워지기 시작할 때 ( 즉, 복부 대동맥이 맥박이있는 상태에서) 살아 있어야합니다. </li><li> 방 RT에서 30-60 분 동안 똑바로 세워 혈액을 채 웁니다. 20 분 동안 500-600 XG에서 원심 분리기. 조심스럽게 모든 상등액 (혈청)을 50 mL 멸균 튜브 1 개에 넣고 여러 동물의 모든 혈청을 함께 섞으십시오. </li><li> 30 분 동안 56 ° C 수조에서 혈청을 배양하여 열 불 활성화를 수행하십시오. 0.22 μm의 공극 크기의 친수성 폴리 에테르 설폰 막을 가진 주사기 필터를 사용하여 혈청을 여과합니다. 신선한 혈청을 사용하거나 -20 ° C에서 보관하십시오. </li></ol></li><li> 대조군 약물 함유 혈청 제제 (대조군에서 사용) <ol><li> 1 일 1 회 3 일 동안 동일한 용량의 생리 식염수 (0.83 mL)로 각 랫트를 투여하십시오. 다른 단계는 2.9 단계와 동일합니다.</li></ol></li><li> 신청 <ol><li> EXD 함유 혈청 또는 약물 함유 혈청 10 mL를 각 100 mL의 배지에 첨가하고 1 % 페니실린 - 스트렙토 마이신 (PS) 23을 첨가합니다. </li></ol></li></ol>

<ol>
	<li>Zhang, L. G., Ouyang, X. W., Wu, T. T., Ni, L. J., Shi, W. Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Quantitative+evaluation+of+in+vitro+effects+and+interactions+of+active+fractions+in+a+Chinese+medicinal+formula+(Yaotongning+Capsule)+on+rat+chondrocytes.">Quantitative evaluation of in vitro effects and interactions of active fractions in a Chinese medicinal formula (Yaotongning Capsule) on rat chondrocytes.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 155 (3), 1424-1432 (2014).</li><li>Ogawa, Y., Fujii, Y., Sugiyama, R., Konishi, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+role+of+the+seven+crude+drug+components+in+the+sleep-promoting+effect+of+Yokukansan.">The role of the seven crude drug components in the sleep-promoting effect of Yokukansan.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 177, 19-27 (2016).</li><li>Kim, J. H., Doh, E. J., Lee, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+of+Medicinal+Categorization+of+Atractylodes+japonica+Koidz.+by+Using+Internal+Transcribed+Spacer+Sequencing+Analysis+and+HPLC+Fingerprinting+Combined+with+Statistical+Tools.">Evaluation of Medicinal Categorization of Atractylodes japonica Koidz. by Using Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequencing Analysis and HPLC Fingerprinting Combined with Statistical Tools.</a> Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016, 2926819 (2016).</li><li>Sheridan, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+potential+of+metabolic+fingerprinting+as+a+tool+for+the+modernisation+of+TCM+preparations.">The potential of metabolic fingerprinting as a tool for the modernisation of TCM preparations.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 140 (3), 482-491 (2012).</li><li>Planas, G. M., Kucacute, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Contraceptive+Properties+of+Stevia+rebaudiana.">Contraceptive Properties of Stevia rebaudiana.</a> Science. 162 (3857), 1007 (1968).</li><li>Tashino, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term="Serum+pharmacology"+and+"serum+pharmaceutical+chemistry":+from+pharmacology+of+Chinese+traditional+medicines+to+start+a+new+measurement+of+drug+concentration+in+blood.">"Serum pharmacology" and "serum pharmaceutical chemistry": from pharmacology of Chinese traditional medicines to start a new measurement of drug concentration in blood.</a> Ther Drug Monit Res. 5, 54-64 (1988).</li><li>Cao, Y., Liu, F., Huang, Z., Zhang, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Protective+effects+of+Guanxin+Shutong+capsule+drug-containing+serum+on+tumor+necrosis+factor-alpha-induced+endothelial+dysfunction+through+nicotinamide+adenine+dinucleotide+phosphate+oxidase+and+the+nitric+oxide+pathway.">Protective effects of Guanxin Shutong capsule drug-containing serum on tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced endothelial dysfunction through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and the nitric oxide pathway.</a> Exp Ther Med. 8 (3), 998-1004 (2014).</li><li>Fu, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Ex+Vivo+Stromal+Cell-Derived+Factor+1-Mediated+Differentiation+of+Mouse+Bone+Marrow+Mesenchymal+Stem+Cells+into+Hepatocytes+Is+Enhanced+by+Chinese+Medicine+Yiguanjian+Drug-Containing+Serum.">Ex Vivo Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1-Mediated Differentiation of Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Hepatocytes Is Enhanced by Chinese Medicine Yiguanjian Drug-Containing Serum.</a> Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016, 7380439 (2016).</li><li>Chen, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Application+of+serum+pharmacology+in+evaluating+the+antitumor+effect+of+Fuzheng+Yiliu+Decoction+from+Chinese+Medicine.">Application of serum pharmacology in evaluating the antitumor effect of Fuzheng Yiliu Decoction from Chinese Medicine.</a> Chin J Integr Med. 20 (6), 450-455 (2014).</li><li>Sze, S. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+mechanism:+Erxian+Decoction,+a+Chinese+medicine+formula,+for+relieving+menopausal+syndrome.">A novel mechanism: Erxian Decoction, a Chinese medicine formula, for relieving menopausal syndrome.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 123 (1), 27-33 (2009).</li><li>Sze, S. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+Erxian+decoction,+a+Chinese+medicinal+formulation,+on+serum+lipid+profile+in+a+rat+model+of+menopause.">Effects of Erxian decoction, a Chinese medicinal formulation, on serum lipid profile in a rat model of menopause.</a> Chin Med. 6, 40 (2011).</li><li>Zhong, L. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+randomized,+double-blind,+controlled+trial+of+a+Chinese+herbal+formula+(Er-Xian+decoction)+for+menopausal+symptoms+in+Hong+Kong+perimenopausal+women.">A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of a Chinese herbal formula (Er-Xian decoction) for menopausal symptoms in Hong Kong perimenopausal women.</a> Menopause. 20 (7), 767-776 (2013).</li><li>Wang, S. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Steroidogenic+effect+of+Erxian+decoction+for+relieving+menopause+via+the+p-Akt/PKB+pathway+in+vitro+and+in+vivo.">Steroidogenic effect of Erxian decoction for relieving menopause via the p-Akt/PKB pathway in vitro and in vivo.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. , (2016).</li><li>Lin, L., Wu, S., Tang, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[Clinical+observation+and+experimental+study+of+the+treatment+of+aplastic+anemia+by+warming+and+tonifying+the+spleen+and+kidney].">[Clinical observation and experimental study of the treatment of aplastic anemia by warming and tonifying the spleen and kidney].</a> Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 10 (5), 272-274 (1990).</li><li>Nian, H., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antiosteoporotic+activity+of+Er-Xian+Decoction,+a+traditional+Chinese+herbal+formula,+in+ovariectomized+rats.">Antiosteoporotic activity of Er-Xian Decoction, a traditional Chinese herbal formula, in ovariectomized rats.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 108 (1), 96-102 (2006).</li><li>Qin, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Antiosteoporotic+chemical+constituents+from+Er-Xian+Decoction,+a+traditional+Chinese+herbal+formula.">Antiosteoporotic chemical constituents from Er-Xian Decoction, a traditional Chinese herbal formula.</a> J Ethnopharmacol. 118 (2), 271-279 (2008).</li><li>Xue, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+HNMR-based+metabonomics+study+of+postmenopausal+osteoporosis+and+intervention+effects+of+Er-Xian+Decoction+in+ovariectomized+rats.">A HNMR-based metabonomics study of postmenopausal osteoporosis and intervention effects of Er-Xian Decoction in ovariectomized rats.</a> Int J Mol Sci. 12 (11), 7635-7651 (2011).</li><li>Lu, X. N., Xu, X. R., Lin, L. J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[Clinical+observation+of+bushen+er'xian+decoction+in+treating+premature+ovarian+failure].">[Clinical observation of bushen er'xian decoction in treating premature ovarian failure].</a> Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 28 (7), 594-596 (2008).</li><li>Yu, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anti-angiogenic+activity+of+Erxian+Decoction,+a+traditional+Chinese+herbal+formula,+in+zebrafish.">Anti-angiogenic activity of Erxian Decoction, a traditional Chinese herbal formula, in zebrafish.</a> Biol Pharm Bull. 35 (12), 2119-2127 (2012).</li><li>Chu, E. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=An+in+vitro+and+in+vivo+investigation+of+the+antimetastatic+effects+of+a+Chinese+medicinal+decoction,+erxian+decoction,+on+human+ovarian+cancer+models.">An in vitro and in vivo investigation of the antimetastatic effects of a Chinese medicinal decoction, erxian decoction, on human ovarian cancer models.</a> Integr Cancer Ther. 12 (4), 336-346 (2013).</li><li>Zhu, Z., Li, L., Jin, X., Fang, J., Zhang, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Er-Xian+Decoction,+a+traditional+Chinese+herbal+formula,+intervening+early+in+hypothalamic-pituitary+axis+of+male+rats+with+delayed+puberty.">Er-Xian Decoction, a traditional Chinese herbal formula, intervening early in hypothalamic-pituitary axis of male rats with delayed puberty.</a> Pharmacogn Mag. 10 (40), 517-521 (2014).</li><li>Miao, M. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Experimental animals and technology. 1997, 145 (1997).</li><li>Soleimani, M., Nadri, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+protocol+for+isolation+and+culture+of+mesenchymal+stem+cells+from+mouse+bone+marrow.">A protocol for isolation and culture of mesenchymal stem cells from mouse bone marrow.</a> Nat Protoc. 4 (1), 102-106 (2009).</li><li>Lu, S., Huang, J., Wang, J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Er-Xian+Decoction+Stimulates+Osteoblastic+Differentiation+of+Bone+Mesenchymal+Stem+Cells+in+Ovariectomized+Mice+and+Its+Gene+Profile+Analysis.">Er-Xian Decoction Stimulates Osteoblastic Differentiation of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Ovariectomized Mice and Its Gene Profile Analysis.</a> Stem Cells International. 2016, 4079210 (2016).</li><li>Turner, P. V., Brabb, T., Pekow, C., Vasbinder, M. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Administration+of+substances+to+laboratory+animals:+routes+of+administration+and+factors+to+consider.">Administration of substances to laboratory animals: routes of administration and factors to consider.</a> J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 50 (5), 600-613 (2011).</li><li>Wu, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simultaneous+determination+of+seven+flavonoids+in+dog+plasma+by+ultra-performance+liquid+chromatography-tandem+mass+spectrometry+and+its+application+to+a+bioequivalence+study+of+bioactive+components+in+Herba+Epimedii+and+Er-Xian+Decoction.">Simultaneous determination of seven flavonoids in dog plasma by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a bioequivalence study of bioactive components in Herba Epimedii and Er-Xian Decoction.</a> J Pharm Biomed Anal. 54 (1), 186-191 (2011).</li><li>Hu, Y. M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Identification+of+the+major+chemical+constituents+and+their+metabolites+in+rat+plasma+and+various+organs+after+oral+administration+of+effective+Erxian+Decoction+(EXD)+fraction+by+liquid+chromatography-mass+spectrometry.">Identification of the major chemical constituents and their metabolites in rat plasma and various organs after oral administration of effective Erxian Decoction (EXD) fraction by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.</a> Biomed Chromatogr. 24 (5), 479-489 (2010).</li><li>Xue, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+and+interaction+of+icariin,+curculigoside,+and+berberine+in+er-xian+decoction,+a+traditional+chinese+medicinal+formula,+on+osteoclastic+bone+resorption.">Effects and interaction of icariin, curculigoside, and berberine in er-xian decoction, a traditional chinese medicinal formula, on osteoclastic bone resorption.</a> Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. , (2012).</li><li>Nair, A. B., Jacob, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+simple+practice+guide+for+dose+conversion+between+animals+and+human.">A simple practice guide for dose conversion between animals and human.</a> J Basic Clin Pharm. 7 (2), 27-31 (2016).</li><li>Xu, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Protective+effect+of+the+traditional+Chinese+medicine+xuesaitong+on+intestinal+ischemia-reperfusion+injury+in+rats.">Protective effect of the traditional Chinese medicine xuesaitong on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.</a> Int J Clin Exp Med. 8 (2), 1768-1779 (2015).</li><li>Li, Z., Wang, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=On+the+methods+for+Chinese+herbs+serum+pharmcology.">On the methods for Chinese herbs serum pharmcology.</a> Zhong Guo Zhong Yi Yao Xing Xi Za Zhi. 9 (2), 5-6 (2002).</li><li>Jiang, Y. R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effect+of+chinese+herbal+drug-containing+serum+for+activating-blood+and+dispelling-toxin+on+ox-LDL-induced+inflammatory+factors'+expression+in+endothelial+cells.">Effect of chinese herbal drug-containing serum for activating-blood and dispelling-toxin on ox-LDL-induced inflammatory factors' expression in endothelial cells.</a> Chin J Integr Med. 18 (1), 30-33 (2012).</li><li>Guo, C. Y., Ma, X. J., Liu, Q., Yin, H. J., Shi, D. Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[Effect+of+Chinese+herbal+drug-containing+serum+for+activating+blood,+activating+blood+and+dispelling+toxin+on+TNF-alpha-induced+adherence+between+endothelial+cells+and+neutrophils+and+the+expression+of+MAPK+pathway].">[Effect of Chinese herbal drug-containing serum for activating blood, activating blood and dispelling toxin on TNF-alpha-induced adherence between endothelial cells and neutrophils and the expression of MAPK pathway].</a> Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 35 (2), 204-209 (2015).</li><li>Li, Y., Xia, J. Y., Chen, W., Deng, C. L. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+Ling+Qi+Juan+Gan+capsule+drug-containing+serum+on+PDGF-induced+proliferation+and+JAK/STAT+signaling+of+HSC-T6+cells].">Effects of Ling Qi Juan Gan capsule drug-containing serum on PDGF-induced proliferation and JAK/STAT signaling of HSC-T6 cells].</a> Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 21 (9), 663-667 (2013).</li><li>Li, Y. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[Some+issues+in+methology+of+Chinese+herbs+serum+pharmcology].">[Some issues in methology of Chinese herbs serum pharmcology].</a> Zhong Yao Xin Yao Yu Lin Chuang Yao Li. 10 (5), 263 (1999).</li><li>Zhang, L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[A+review+of+Chinese+herbs+serum+pharmcology+methodological+study].">[A review of Chinese herbs serum pharmcology methodological study].</a> Nan Jing Zhong Yi Yao Da Xue Xue Bao. 18 (4), 254 (2002).</li><li>Zhang, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=[Issues+and+strategies+for+study+of+serum+pharmcology+in+oncology].">[Issues and strategies for study of serum pharmcology in oncology].</a> Zhong Yi Yan Jiu. 17 (5), 13-14 (2004).</li></ol>

저자는 경쟁적인 금전적 이해 관계가 없다고 선언합니다.

최근 몇 년 동안 동부 지역의 임상 환경에서 수천 년 동안 적용 되어온 대체 의학의 한 유형 인 한약에 많은 관심이 쏟아졌습니다. 전통적인 약초 의학은 현대 의학의 &quot;벤치에서 침대로&quot;패턴과는 달리 처음에는 &quot;bed to bench&quot;패턴을 통해 자신의 메커니즘을 설명해야합니다. 이것은 벤치 단계에서 수행 된 검증과 새로 최적화 된 약물의 개발을위한 처리에 이어 수행 될 수 있습니다. 지?...

전통적인 약초의 연구와 응용에 대한 관심이 현재 커지고 있습니다. 화학 성분이 확실한 현대 의약품과는 달리, 허브 성분에는 미지 성분이 포함되어 있으며 활성 성분을 전달할 수 있도록 추출 과정이 필요합니다. 많은 연구가 잘 알려진 구조를 가진 하나의 작은 화합물을 전체 약초 또는 허브 공식의 대표자로 선택하려고 시도하지만 약리학 적 효능이나 메커니즘은 동등한 것으로 간주 될 수 없다. 핑거 프린팅 (fingerprinting)은 복잡한 허브 수식의 구성 성분을 분석 할 수 있지만, 일부 성분은 아직 명확하게 분석되지 않아 연구 3에서 모든 추출물을 결합 할 때 어려움을 겪습니다. 수많은 성분 / 추출물의 상호 작용은 약초의 치료 효과를 중재합니다. 이러한 장점을 유지하기 위해 전통적인 추출물 형태이온은 여전히 ​​클리닉에서 널리 사용됩니다. 추출 과정은 치료 효능에 큰 영향을 미치기 때문에, 특히 생체 내 연구 4,5 에서 전통적 물 추출법의 표준 프로토콜이 필요합니다. 반면에, 약리학 적 기작을 탐색 할 때, 생체 외 또는 생체 외 연구 중에 약초를 처치하는 것은 도전 과제입니다. 약물 함유 혈청의 개념은 1988 년 Tashino에 의해 처음 제안되었다. 그 이후로 점점 많은 연구자들이 한약 7 , 8 , 9 에 그것을 적용 해왔다. 약물 함유 혈청의 방법은 혈청의 특정 성분의 영향과 같은 몇 가지 제한이 있지만, 여전히 생리 학적 조건을 밀접하게 모방하는 방법으로 간주됩니다. 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 을 완화하기 위해 1950 년대 초에 개발되었습니다. 또한 재생 불량성 빈혈 14 , 폐경기 골다공증 15 , 16 , 17 , 조기 난소 부전 18 , 유방암 19 , 난소 암 20 및 사춘기 지연 21에도 적용 되었습니다. 여기, 우리는 에르 - 시안 (erxian) 추출 (EXD)과 그 약물 함유 혈청의 제조를위한 상세한 프로토콜을 제시합니다. 또한 폐경기 골다공증 모델에 EXD 및 EXD를 함유 한 혈청을 적용하는 방법을 설명합니다. EXD는 Curculigo orchioides Gaertn , Herba Epimedii </eRadix Morindae Officinalis , Radix Angelicae Sinensis , Cortex Phellodendri 및 Rhizoma Anemarrhenae 각각 6 g을 하루에 성인 1 인당 투여한다. 마우스의 등가 선량은 다음 식 22 에 따라 0.1418 EXD / kg / day입니다. dB = dA * RB / RA * (WA / WB) 1/3 . dA와 dB는 각각 사람과 마우스의 체중 당 투여 량 (mg / kg)을 의미합니다. 용량 (mg / kg)은 EXD / kg의 수로 대체됩니다. RA와 RB는 각각 신체 표면적 (m 2 ) / 체중 (kg) 2/3 ( 표 1 참조)에 비례하는 인간 신체 계수와 마우스 몸 계수를 나타냅니다. WA 및 WB는 각각 사람 ​​및 마우스의 체중 (kg)을 나타낸다.

<table><tbody><tr><td>Curculigo orchioides Gaertn (9&amp;thinsp;g), Herbaa Epimedii (9&amp;thinsp;g), Radix Morindae Officinalis (9&amp;thinsp;g), Radix Angelicae Sinensis (9&amp;thinsp;g), Cortex Phellodendri (6&amp;thinsp;g), and Rhizoma Anemarrhenae (6&amp;thinsp;g)</td><td>Kang-qiao Chinese Medicine Yinpian Co. Ltd (Shanghai, CN)</td><td>160922</td><td>EXD components</td></tr><tr><td>Filter paper</td><td>GElifesciences</td><td>99-103-952</td><td>Filter EXD decoction before concentration</td></tr><tr><td>Imprinting Control Region (ICR) mice</td><td>Shanghai Laboratory Animal Center</td><td>SCXK 2007-0005</td><td>In vivo study</td></tr><tr><td>Sprague Dawley rats</td><td>Shanghai Laboratory Animal Center</td><td>SCXK 2007-0005</td><td>EXD-containing serum preparation</td></tr><tr><td>Syringe filter</td><td>Millipore</td><td>SLGP033RB</td><td>0.22 &amp;micro;m</td></tr><tr><td>gavage needles (10 ml)</td><td>Shanghai BO Ge trade sales department</td><td>59104274</td><td>Adminstration of EXD</td></tr><tr><td>Ketamine (80 mg/kg)&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Fujian Gutian Pharma Co. Ltd</td><td>H35020148</td><td>Anesthesia</td></tr><tr><td>Xylazine (10 mg/kg)</td><td>Sunway Pharma Co. Ltd</td><td>CB07591</td><td>Anesthesia</td></tr><tr><td>Dulbecco&amp;rsquo;s modification of Eagle&amp;rsquo;s medium Dulbecco (DMEM) culture medium</td><td>Gibco</td><td>12800-116</td><td>DMEM with 2 mM L-glutamine and without ribonucleosides and ribonucleotides</td></tr><tr><td>Streptomycin</td><td>Sigma</td><td>1277</td><td>100 &amp;micro;g / ml</td></tr><tr><td>Penicillin</td><td>Sigma</td><td>4687</td><td>100 &amp;micro;g / ml</td></tr></tbody></table>

preparation of herbal medicine: er-xian decoction and er-xian-containing serum for in vivo and in vitro experiments

임상 약제로 사용되는 대체 의학 인 한약은 최근 몇 년 동안 주목을 받아 왔습니다. 인체에 전달하기 전에 원료 약초에서 활성 성분을 방출하기 위해 일반적으로 추가 추출 절차가 필요합니다. 수분 섭취는 여전히 임상 환경에서 광범위하게 사용되는 고전적인 추출 과정입니다. 여기에서는 실험적 연구에 약초 즙을 적용하기 위해 erxian decoction (EXD)에 대한 상세한 프로토콜을 제안합니다. EXD의 4 가지 주요 단계 (수적, 수분 섭취, 여과 및 농축)뿐만 아니라 동물에 적합한 용량의 계산이 기술되어있다. 또한, 혈청 함유 EXD는 생체 외 검증을위한 수단으로 쥐에게 도입됩니다. 여기에 쥐에게 EXD를 3 일간 경구 투여 하였다. 혈액 샘플을 채취하고, 불 활성화시키고, 원심 분리하고, 여과시켰다. 배양 배지로 희석 된 혈청은 세포 또는 조직 을 vitro. 예를 들어, EXD는 in vivo 및 in vitro 연구에 모두 적용되었으며 EXD가 골 형성을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났습니다. 이 프로토콜은 약초의 제조 및 응용에 대한 참고 자료로 사용할 수 있습니다.

EXX가 OVX 마우스의 골밀도에 미치는 영향 요추 척수 절편의 Hematoxylin과 eosin (H &amp; E) 염색은 OVX 군 ( 그림 1A , 왼쪽 패널)과 비교하여 생체 내 EXD 치료 후 증가 된 골소주 ( 그림 1A , 오른쪽 패널)를 보여줍니다. 그림 1B 는 OVX 마우스 ( 그림 1B , 왼쪽 패널)와 EXX 치료 12 주 ( <st...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments at JoVE.com

Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments

여기에서는 4 가지 단계 (담금질, 달인, 여과 및 농축)의 erxian decoction (EXD) 준비 과정을 제시하고 준비된 EXD 함유 혈청을 쥐에게 투여하는 방법을 보여줍니다. 이 방법은 생약과 생체 외 연구에 적용 할 수 있습니다.

약초의 준비 : Er-Xian의 달임과 Er-Xian 함유 세럼<em&gt; In Vivo</em&gt; 및<em&gt; 체외에서</em&gt; 실험

Traditional herbal medicine, an alternative medicine in the clinical setting, has received increased attention in recent years. Before delivery to the ...

preparation-herbal-medicine-er-xian-decoction-er-xian-containing

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments

10.9K 조회수.  Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.  여기에서는 4 가지 단계 (담금질, 달인, 여과 및 농축)의 erxian decoction (EXD) 준비 과정을 제시하고 준비된 EXD 함유 혈청을 쥐에게 투여하는 방법을 보여줍니다. 이 방법은 생약과 생체 외 연구에 적용 할 수 있습니다. 

비디오: Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments

Extraction and Purification of Polyphenols from Freeze-dried Berry Powder for the Treatment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro

Epidemiological studies indicate that increased flavonoid intake correlates with decreased mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the United States (US) and Europe. Berries are widely consumed in the US and have a high polyphenolic content. Polyphenols have been shown to interact with many molecular targets and to exert numerous positive biological functions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects. Polyphenols isolated from blackberry (BL), raspberry (RB), and black raspberry (BRB) reduce oxidative stress and cellular senescence in response to angiotensin II (Ang II). This work provides a detailed description of the protocol used to prepare the polyphenol extracts from freeze-dried berries. Polyphenol extractions from freeze-dried berry powder were performed using 80% aqueous ethanol and an ultrasonic-assisted extraction method. The crude extract was further purified and fractionated using chloroform and ethyl acetate, respectively. The effects of both crude and purified extracts were tested on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (VSMCs) in culture.

Extraction and Purification of Polyphenols from Freeze-dried Berry Powder for the Treatment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro

This work details a step-by-step method to prepare polyphenol-rich extracts from freeze-dried berry powder. In addition, it provides a thorough description of how to use these polyphenol-rich extracts in cell culture in the presence of the peptide hormone angiotensin II (Ang II) using Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (VSMCs).

혈관 평활근 세포 치료를위한 동결 건조 베리 파우더에서 폴리 페놀 추출 및 정제<em&gt; In Vitro</em

Epidemiological studies indicate that increased flavonoid intake correlates with decreased mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the United ...

연구

화학

Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Self-established Database Analysis of Chinese Herbal Medicine Components

Chinese herbal medicine is complex and has numerous unknown compounds, making qualitative research crucial. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) is the most widely used method in qualitative analysis of compounds. The method includes standardized and programmed protocols for sample pretreatment, MS tune, MS acquisition, and data processing. The sample pretreatments include collection, pulverization, solvent extraction, ultrasound, centrifugation, and filtration. Data post-processing was described in detail and includes data importing, self-established database construction, method establishment, data processing, and other manual operations. The above-ground part of the alpine yarrow herb, Achillea millefolium L., is used to treat inflammation, gastrointestinal disturbances, and pain and its 3-oxa-guaianolides could be useful leads for anti-inflammatory drug development. Three representative compounds in AML were identified, combining TOF-MS with a self-established database. Moreover, the differences from existing literature, liquid-phase parameter optimization, scan mode selection, ion source suitability, collision energy adjustment, isomer screening, method limitation, and possible solutions were discussed. This standardized analysis method is universal and can be applied to identify complex compounds in Chinese herbal medicine.

We describe a general protocol and systematic design that could be applied to separate and recognize complex components in alpine yarrow herb, Achillea millefolium L., a Chinese herbal medicine.

Chinese herbal medicine is complex and has numerous unknown compounds, making qualitative research crucial. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography ...

Preparation Of Gushukang (GSK) Granules for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments

Traditional Chinese herbal medicine plays a role as an alternative method in treating many diseases, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis (POP). Gushukang (GSK) granules, a marketed prescription in China, have bone-protective effects in treating POP. Before administration to the body, one standard preparation procedure is commonly required, which aims to promote the release of active constituents from raw herbs and enhance the pharmacological effects as well as therapeutic outcomes. This study proposes a detailed protocol for using GSK granules in in vivo and in vitro experimental assays. The authors first provide a detailed protocol to calculate the animal-appropriate dosages of granules for in vivo investigation: weighing, dissolving, storage, and administration. Second, this article describes protocols for micro-CT scanning and the measurement of bone parameters. Sample preparation, protocols for running the micro-CT machine and quantification of bone parameters were evaluated. Third, serum-containing GSK granules are prepared, and drug-containing serum is extracted for in vitro osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. GSK granules were intragastrically administered twice per day to rats for three consecutive days. Blood was then collected, centrifuged, inactivated, and filtered. Finally, serum was diluted and used for performing osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. The protocol described here can be considered a reference for pharmacological investigations of herbal prescription medicines, such as granules.

Preparation Of Gushukang GSK Granules for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments

This article provides a detailed protocol for preparing a working solution of Gushukang granules for animal studies and GSK granule containing serum for in vitro experiments. This protocol can be applied to pharmacological investigations of herbal medicines as well as prescriptions for both in vivo and in vitro experiments.

구슈강(GSK) 생체내 및 체외 실험을 위한 과립 준비

Traditional Chinese herbal medicine plays a role as an alternative method in treating many diseases, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis (POP). Gushukang ...

의학

Preparation of Naringenin Solution for In Vivo Application

The preparation of a compound (phytochemical) solution is an overlooked but critical step prior to its application in studies such as drug screening. The complete solubilization of the compound is necessary for its safe use and relatively stable results. Here, a protocol for preparing naringenin solution and its intraperitoneal administration in a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic model is demonstrated as an example. A small amount of naringenin (3.52-6.69 mg) was used to test its solubilization in solvents, including ethanol, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and DMSO plus Tween 80 reconstituted in physiological saline (PS), respectively. Complete solubilization of the compound is determined by observing the color of the solution, the presence of precipitates after centrifugation (2000 x g for 30 s), or allowing the solution to stand for 2 h at room temperature (RT). After obtaining a stable compound/phytochemical solution, the final concentration/amount of the compound required for in vivo studies can be prepared in a solvent-only (no PS) stock solution, and then diluted/mixed with PS as desired. The antidiabetic osteoporotic effects of naringenin in mice (intraperitoneal administration at 20 mg/kg b.w., 2 mg/mL) were assessed by measuring blood glucose, bone mass (micro-CT), and bone resorption rate (TRAP staining and ELISA). Researchers looking for detailed organic/phytochemical solution preparations will benefit from this technique.

Preparation of Naringenin Solution for In Vivo Application

Here, the protocol presents the preparation of naringenin solution for in vivo intraperitoneal administration. Naringenin is fully dissolved in a mixture of dimethylsulfoxide, Tween 80, and saline. The antidiabetic osteoporotic effects of naringenin were assessed by blood glucose testing, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

생체 내 적용을 위한 나린제닌 용액의 제조

The preparation of a compound (phytochemical) solution is an overlooked but critical step prior to its application in studies such as drug screening. The ...

An In Vitro Dissolution Determination of Multi-Index Components in Tibetan Medicine Rhodiola Granules

The composition of the Tibetan medicine Rhodiola granules (RG) is complex, and the overall quality of RG is difficult to determine. Therefore, establishing a method to determine the multi-component in vitro dissolution of RG is of great significance for quality control. This study uses the second paddle method of the fourth general rule 0931 from the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition), compliant with apparatus 2 of the United States Pharmacopeia (USP). The dissolution apparatus was set to a rotation speed of 100 rpm with ultrapure water as the dissolution medium. A sample volume of 1 mL was collected at each timepoint. Furthermore, the cumulative dissolution of gallic acid, salidroside, and ethyl gallic acid in RG at different time points was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Finally, the dissolution curves were drawn, and the curves were fitted to the GompertzMod, the Gompertz, the Logistic, and the Weibull equations. The results showed that the cumulative dissolution of gallic acid in RG was over 80% at 1 min, the cumulative dissolution of salidroside and ethyl gallic acid was over 65% at 5 min, and the cumulative dissolution of each index component decreased after 30 min. The curve fitting demonstrated that the GompertzMod equation was the best-fitting model for each index component of RG. In conclusion, the dissolution test method described in this protocol is simple, accurate, and reliable. It can characterize the dissolution behavior of the index components in RG in vitro, which provides a methodological reference for quality control of RG and quality evaluation of other ethnic compounds.

An In Vitro Dissolution Determination of Multi-Index Components in Tibetan Medicine Rhodiola Granules

Here, we test the dissolution of Rhodiola granules (RG) in vitro, draw dissolution curves of salidroside, gallic acid, and ethyl gallate in ultrapure water, and fit the curves to different mathematical models. This protocol provides information and guidance for in vivo bioequivalence and in vivo-in vitro correlation studies of RG.

The composition of the Tibetan medicine Rhodiola granules (RG) is complex, and the overall quality of RG is difficult to determine. Therefore, ...

Exploring the Two Herb Combination Strategy to Treat Injured PC12 Cells

In view of the advantages of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of cerebral ischemia, we studied the differences in the efficacy and mechanism between the preparation combination and the component combination in order to explore the two herb combination strategy to treat injured PC12 cells. Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) combined with a glucose-free medium was employed to induce oxidative damage of PC12 cells. Then, the optimal combination of Astragalus mongholicus (Ast) and Erigeron breviscapus (Eri) injection was selected and combined following uniform design methods after screening their safe and effective concentration on PC12 cells. Further, the component combination screened comprises 10 &#181;M astragaloside A, 40 &#181;M scutellarin, and 75 &#181;M chlorogenic acid in two herbs. Then, MTT, Annexin V-FITC/PI, immunofluorescence, and Western blot analysis were used to evaluate the efficacy and mechanism of the preparation combination and the component combination on injured PC12 cells. The results showed that the optimal preparation combination for cell pro-survival was Ast injection and Eri capsule with a concentration of 6:1.8 (&#181;M). The component combination (10 &#181;M astragaloside A, 40 &#181;M scutellarin, and 75 &#181;M chlorogenic acid) was more effective than the preparation combination. Both combinations remarkably reduced apoptotic rate, the fluorescence intensity of caspase-3, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level; meanwhile, they upregulated the expression levels of p-Akt/Akt, Bcl-2/Bax, and Nrf2. These effects were more evident in the component combination. In conclusion, both combinations can inhibit the injury induced by CoCl2 combined with a glucose-free medium on PC12 cells, thus promoting cell survival. However, the efficiency of the component combination over the preparation combination may be due to its stronger regulation of the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway related to oxidative stress and apoptosis.

This protocol provides a combination strategy of two herbs to treat injured PC12 cells. The protocol provides a reference for optimizing the best application mode of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

손상된 PC12 세포를 치료하기 위한 두 가지 허브 조합 전략 탐색

In view of the advantages of the combination of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of cerebral ischemia, we studied the differences in ...

Optimization of the Epimedii Folium Mutton-Oil Processing Technology and Testing Its Effect on Zebrafish Embryonic Development

As a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Epimedii folium (EF) has a history in medicine and food that is &#62; 2,000 years old. Clinically, EF processed with mutton oil is often used as a medicine. In recent years, reports of safety risks and adverse reactions of products that use EF as a raw material have gradually increased. Processing can effectively improve the safety of TCM. According to TCM theory, mutton-oil processing can reduce the toxicity of EF and enhance its tonifying effect on the kidneys. However, there is a lack of systematic research and evaluation of EF mutton-oil processing technology. In this study, we used the Box-Behnken experimental design-response surface methodology to optimize the key parameters of the processing technology by assessing the contents of multiple components. The results showed that the optimal mutton-oil processing technology of EF was as follows: heating the mutton oil at 120 &#176;C &#177; 10 &#176;C, adding the crude EF, stir-frying it gently to 189 &#176;C &#177; 10 &#176;C until it is evenly shiny, and then removing it and cool. For every 100 kg of EF, 15 kg of mutton oil should be used. The toxicities and teratogenicities of an aqueous extract of crude and mutton-oil processed EF were compared in a zebrafish embryo developmental model. The results showed that the crude herb group was more likely to cause zebrafish deformities, and its half-maximal lethal EF concentration was lower. In conclusion, the optimized mutton-oil processing technology was stable and reliable, with good repeatability. At a certain dose, the aqueous extract of EF was toxic to the development of zebrafish embryos, and the toxicity was stronger for the crude drug than for the processed drug. The results showed that mutton-oil processing reduced the toxicity of crude EF. These findings can be used to improve the quality, uniformity, and clinical safety of mutton oil-processed EF.

In this protocol, the mutton-oil processing technology of Epimedii folium (EF) was optimized by applying a Box-Behnken experimental design-response surface methodology, and the effect of crude and optimized water-extracted EF on zebrafish embryonic development was preliminarily investigated.

Epimedii Folium 양고기 오일 가공 기술의 최적화 및 제브라피쉬 배아 발달에 미치는 영향 테스트

As a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Epimedii folium (EF) has a history in medicine and food that is &#62; 2,000 years old. Clinically, EF processed ...

Impact of Sanleng Jiashen Formula on Orthotopic Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice

Establishment of Hepatocarcinoma in BALB/c-nu Mice and Investigation of the Therapeutic Effect of the Sanleng Jiashen Formula

The lethality of liver cancer and the resistance to chemical drugs have forced the search for effective prescriptions of traditional herbs for liver cancer. Animal models that are repeatable, easy to manipulate, and highly mimic the pathophysiological processes of liver cancer are the prerequisite for the successful screening of effective drug candidates. Meanwhile, reliable drug efficacy evaluation indicators and means are also the guarantee of anti-liver cancer drug research and development.
Sanleng Jiashen formula, a representative prescription of traditional Chinese medicine containing Sparganium stoloni erum, Buch. -Ham. (Sanleng), Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. (ginseng), Rheum officinale Baill. (rhubarb), and Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Chuanxiong), is prescribed to nourish the liver and clear heat, remove toxins, and promote blood circulation to treat liver cancer. This experimental protocol describes the preparation of lyophilized Sanleng Jiashen formula and the establishment process of in-situ liver cancer in BALB/c-nu mice. Histopathological staining, immunohistochemical detection of cancer markers, in vivo imaging of mice, and chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane test were used to explore the inhibition and anti-angiogenesis effect of Sanleng Jiashen formula on malignant proliferation of liver cancer tissue. The data show that the Sanleng Jiashen formula can effectively resist the malignant proliferation of liver cancer tissue, which is manifested by reduced tumor mass volume, improved pathological damage, and lower levels of the cancer marker ki67.
The superior inhibition of angiogenesis also suggests that the Sanleng Jiashen formula may have the potential to treat and prevent the progression and deterioration of liver cancer. The whole experimental scheme shows a comprehensive process of traditional Chinese medicine components in the treatment of mouse liver cancer, which provides a reference for the establishment and optimization of a liver cancer model, as well as the research and development of drugs to prevent and treat liver cancer.

Here, we present the step-by-step protocol to investigate the therapeutic and vascular inhibitory effects of the Sanleng Jiashen formula on BALB/c-nu mice with orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma.

The lethality of liver cancer and the resistance to chemical drugs have forced the search for effective prescriptions of traditional herbs for liver ...

Herb Decoction Formulation and Gavage Standardization in Osteosarcoma Mice(골육종 마우스의 허브 달인 제형 및 Gavage 표준화)

Gavage Strategy for Decoction Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Osteosarcoma Model Mice

Decoction formula is the most commonly used dosage form in traditional Chinese medicine and applied in clinical practice for thousands of years by trans-oral administration, which is characterized by quick effect, easy absorption, and individualized treatment based on the specific syndromes of patients. The quality of the decoction formula is directly responsible for the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine; therefore, the standardization process of the decoction formula is important to avoid differences in decoction quality caused by subjective factors. Meanwhile, due to the limitations of performing clinical experiments, small animals bearing human diseases, such as mice, are often used in medical research to explore the therapeutic efficacy and comprehensive mechanisms of different interventions, including the decoction formula for traditional Chinese medicine.&#160;Consequently, as an important trans-oral administration method, the skilled gavage technique is particularly important to avoid potential esophagus damage and drug spillage, which will ensure an equal amount of medicine being administered to each model animal, leading to accurate experimental results. Furthermore, the standardized method of decoction formula preparation and skilled gavage strategy are necessary to protect animal welfare and minimize the number of animals used. Here, we reported a detailed standardization process of the decoction formula and gavage technique with Yiqi Jiedu decoction in osteosarcoma mouse model as an example. The efficacy was evaluated by the tumor volume. This protocol will maximize animal protection and improve the reliability of research data, therefore providing effective strategies for future investigating therapeutic efficacy and molecular mechanisms of decoction formula for traditional Chinese medicine in vivo.

저자 스포트라이트: 향상된 동물 연구를 위한 표준화된 허브 달인 프로토콜

The protocol provides a detailed standardization process of decoction formula and gavage technique with Yiqi Jiedu decoction in the osteosarcoma mouse model as an example. It describes animal protection and improves reliability of research data, providing effective strategies for investigating therapeutic efficacy and molecular mechanisms of decoction formulas in vivo.

약초의 준비 : Er-Xian의 달임과 Er-Xian 함유 세럼

요약

더 많은 비디오 탐색

이 비디오의 챕터

혈관 평활근 세포 치료를위한 동결 건조 베리 파우더에서 폴리 페놀 추출 및 정제

Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Self-established Database Analysis of Chinese Herbal Medicine Components

구슈강(GSK) 생체내 및 체외 실험을 위한 과립 준비

생체 내 적용을 위한 나린제닌 용액의 제조

An In Vitro Dissolution Determination of Multi-Index Components in Tibetan Medicine Rhodiola Granules

손상된 PC12 세포를 치료하기 위한 두 가지 허브 조합 전략 탐색

Epimedii Folium 양고기 오일 가공 기술의 최적화 및 제브라피쉬 배아 발달에 미치는 영향 테스트

Establishment of Hepatocarcinoma in BALB/c-nu Mice and Investigation of the Therapeutic Effect of the Sanleng Jiashen Formula

골육종 모델 마우스에서 중국 전통 의학의 달인 공식에 대한 Gavage 전략

골육종 모델 마우스에서 중국 전통 의학의 달인 공식에 대한 Gavage 전략