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Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

Reciprocal social behavior (RSB), an early-emerging capacity to engage in social contingency&#8212;which is foundational for both social learning and ...

Washington University School of Medicine

Although the liver is the primary target organ in acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity, other organs are affected. Previous data suggested that chronic APAP abuse can be ototoxic and the mechanism involves APAP-induced oxidative stress and reactive metabolite (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine, NAPQI)-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress. However, the effect of a single acute overdose on hearing has not been tested.

Hearing, reactive metabolite formation, and oxidative stress in cochleae after a single acute overdose of acetaminophen: an in vivo study.

Research on acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity over the last several decades has focused on the pathophysiology of liver injury, but increasing attention is being paid to other known and possible adverse effects. It has been known for decades that APAP causes acute kidney injury, but confusion exists regarding prevalence, and the mechanisms have not been well investigated. More recently, a number of experimental, clinical and epidemiological studies have reported evidence for pulmonary, endocrine, neurological and neurodevelopmental toxicity, but the quality of evidence from those studies varies. It is important to consider these data due to implications for regulation and clinical practice. Here, we review the evidence and proposed mechanisms for extrahepatic adverse effects of APAP and weigh weaknesses and strengths in the data. We consider results from clinical, epidemiological and experimental research. Our goal is to determine the strength of claims regarding extrahepatic toxicity of APAP and to identify areas of need for future research. It is especially important to view claims of developmental effects of antenatal APAP exposure with a critical eye because APAP is currently the only over-the-counter medication recommended for pregnant women to self-treat pain and fever.

Stefanie Kennon-McGill

Department of Psychiatry

Washington University School of Medicine

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

Stefanie Kennon-McGill

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}Department of Psychiatry

Washington University School of Medicine

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

Department of Psychiatry