cerebral-blood-flow-based-resting-state-functional-connectivity-human

Cerebral Blood Flow-Based Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Human Brain using Optical Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy

To obtain a comprehensive understanding of the human brain, utilization of cerebral blood flow (CBF) as a source of contrast is desired because it is a ...

Wright State University

For prevention and accurate intervention planning, it is crucial to predict if lesions will progress towards cancer. In this study, we investigated the change in optical properties and vascular parameters to characterize skin tissue from mild photodamage to actinic keratosis (AK). Multi-wavelength spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) measurements were performed on three patients with clinically normal skin, as well as pre-cancerous actinic keratosis lesions. Our results indicate that there exist significant differences in both optical and vascular parameters between these patients, and that these parameters can be early biomarkers of neoplasia. Ultimately, clinicians can use this noninvasive approach for frequent monitoring of high-risk population.

Noninvasive mesoscopic imaging of actinic skin damage using spatial frequency domain imaging.

Doxorubicin (Dox) is approved for use in liposomal form for the treatment of ovarian cancer. We previously developed a long-circulating Dox formulation in liposomes containing small amounts of porphyrin-phospholipid, which enables on-demand drug release with near-infrared irradiation. In this study, we present and evaluate a dual-modal, dual-channel light endoscope that allows quantitative reflectance and fluorescence imaging for monitoring of local Dox concentrations in target areas. The endoscope consists of two flexible imaging fibers; one to transmit diagnostic and therapeutic light to the target, and the other to detect fluorescent and reflected light. Thus, the endoscope serves for imaging, for light delivery to trigger drug release, and for monitoring drug concentration kinetics during drug release. We characterized the performance of this endoscope in tissue phantoms and in an in vivo model of ovarian cancer. This study demonstrates the feasibility of non-invasive, quantitative mapping of Dox distribution in vivo via endoscopic imaging.

A dual-channel endoscope for quantitative imaging, monitoring, and triggering of doxorubicin release from liposomes in living mice.

Early knowledge about burn severity and depth can lead to improved outcome for patients. In this study, we investigated the change in optical properties in ex vivo human skin following thermal burn injuries. Human skin removed during body contouring procedures was subjected to thermal burn injury for either 10 or 60 s. Multi-wavelength spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) measurements were performed on each sample and the optical properties (absorption and scattering parameters) were obtained at each wavelength. Multi-wavelength fitting was used to quantify absorption and scattering parameters, and these parameters were compared to histologic assessments of burn depth related to burn severity. Our results indicated substantial changes in optical scattering parameters and these changes correlated well with the burn severity and depth, and fit closely with previously reported studies using porcine in vivo models. This study provides the characterization of thermal burn injury on human skin ex vivo by using the optical method of SFDI with high sensitivity and specificity. This preclinical human model system without live animals could have uses in testing the imaging parameters of other skin injuries, including from caustic agents.

Early assessment of burn severity in human tissue ex vivo with multi-wavelength spatial frequency domain imaging.

We investigated the change in optical properties and vascular parameters to characterize skin tissue from mild photodamage to actinic keratosis (AK) with comparison to a published photodamage scale. Multi-wavelength spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) measurements were performed on the dorsal forearms of 55 adult subjects with various amounts of photodamage. Dermatologists rated the levels of photodamage based upon the photographs in blinded fashion to allow comparison with SFDI data. For characterization of statistical data, we used artificial neural networks. Our results indicate that optical and vascular parameters can be used to quantify photodamage and can discriminate between the stages as low, medium, and high grades, with the best performance of ∼70%, ∼76% and 80% for characterization of low- medium- and high-grade lesions, respectively. Ultimately, clinicians can use this noninvasive approach for risk assessment and frequent monitoring of high-risk populations.

Chien Poon

Department of Biomedical,
Industrial and Human Factors Engineering,
Department of Biomedical, Industrial and Human Factors Engineering

Wright State University

Cerebral Blood Flow-Based Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Human Brain using Optical Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy

Chien Poon

.css-o250i3{font-size:18px;font-family:Open Sans,sans-serif;line-height:21.6px;}Department of Biomedical,Industrial and Human Factors Engineering,Department of Biomedical, Industrial and Human Factors Engineering

Wright State University

Cerebral Blood Flow-Based Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Human Brain using Optical Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy

Department of Biomedical,
Industrial and Human Factors Engineering,
Department of Biomedical, Industrial and Human Factors Engineering