Core - Cell Biology

    Chapter 12

    Membrane Structure and Components

    12.1 : What are Membranes?01:24

    12.1 : What are Membranes?

    A cell's plasma membrane demarcates the cell's borders and determines the nature of its interaction with the environment. Cells exclude certain ...

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    12.2 : Membrane Fluidity01:26

    12.2 : Membrane Fluidity

    Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of ...

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    12.3 : Fluid Mosaic Model01:19

    12.3 : Fluid Mosaic Model

    Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane ...

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    12.4 : Membrane Lipids01:32

    12.4 : Membrane Lipids

    Lipids are an essential component of all biological membranes. The average lipid content in mammalian membranes is 50%, though it can be as low as 20% in ...

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    12.5 : Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

    12.5 : Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

    Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. ...

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    12.6 : Membrane Asymmetry Regulating Transporters01:19

    12.6 : Membrane Asymmetry Regulating Transporters

    Enzymes like flippase, floppase, and scramblase transfer phospholipids from one layer to another in the membrane, thereby affecting membrane asymmetry. ...

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    12.7 : Membrane Carbohydrates01:30

    12.7 : Membrane Carbohydrates

    The plasma membrane is a dynamic barrier composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. It is the epicenter of many cellular processes required for cell ...

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    12.8 : Membrane Proteins01:30

    12.8 : Membrane Proteins

    Plasma membranes have integral transmembrane proteins involved in facilitated transport. These proteins are collectively referred to as transport ...

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    12.9 : Lipids as Anchors01:32

    12.9 : Lipids as Anchors

    In the plasma membrane, the lipids forming the bilayer can also act as an anchor to tether proteins to the membrane. The three main types of lipid anchors ...

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    12.10 : Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins01:25

    12.10 : Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins

    Integral membrane proteins are tightly associated with the cell membrane and play a crucial role in cell communication, signaling, adhesion, and transport ...

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    12.11 : Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels01:09

    12.11 : Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels

    In multi-pass transmembrane proteins, the polypeptide chain crosses the membrane more than once. The transmembrane polypeptide chain either forms an ...

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    12.12 : Detergent Purification of Membrane Proteins01:18

    12.12 : Detergent Purification of Membrane Proteins

    Detergents are used to purify the integral proteins of the membrane. The hydrophobic portion of the detergent can replace membrane phospholipids while ...

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    12.13 : Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

    12.13 : Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

    Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion ...

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    12.14 : Membrane Domains01:18

    12.14 : Membrane Domains

    The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other ...

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    12.15 : Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

    12.15 : Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation

    Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains ...

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    12.16 : Mechanisms of Membrane-bending01:15

    12.16 : Mechanisms of Membrane-bending

    The living membranes are flexible due to their fluid mosaic nature; however, their bending into different shapes is an active process regulated by ...

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