applying-three-dimensional-uniaxial-mechanical-stimulation-bioreactor

Applying a Three-dimensional Uniaxial Mechanical Stimulation Bioreactor System to Induce Tenogenic Differentiation of Tendon-Derived Stem Cells

Tendinopathy is a common chronic tendon disease relating to inflammation and degeneration in an orthopaedic area. With high morbidity, limited ...

University of Western Australia

Tendons are the connective tissue responsible for transferring force from muscles to bones. A key factor in tendon development, maturation, repair, and degradation is its biomechanical environment. Understanding tendon mechanobiology is essential for the development of injury prevention strategies, rehabilitation protocols and potentially novel treatments in tendon injury and degeneration. Despite the simple overall loading on tendon tissue, cells within the tissue in vivo experience a much more complex mechanical environment including tension, compression and shear forces. This creates a substantial challenge in the establishment of in vitro loading models of the tendon. This article reviews multiple loading models used for the study of tendon mechanobiology and summarizes the main findings. Although impressive progress has been achieved in the functionality and mimicry of in vitro loading models, an ideal platform is yet to be developed. Multidisciplinary approaches and collaborations will be the key to unveiling the tendon mechanobiology. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:566-575, 2018.

In vitro loading models for tendon mechanobiology.

Alveolar bone loss is a common problem that affects dental implant placement. A barrier between the bone substitute and gingiva that can prevent fibro-tissue ingrowth, bacterial infection and induce bone formation is a key factor in improving the success of alveolar ridge reconstruction. This study aims to develop a bioactive collagen barrier material for guided bone regeneration, that is coupled with anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. We have evaluated two silver coating methods and found controllable and precise coating achieved by sonication compared with sputtering. The optimized AgNP-coated collagen membrane exhibited excellent anti-bacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) with limited cellular toxicity. It also displayed effective anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the expression and release of inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-alpha. Additionally, AgNP-coated collagen membranes were able to induce osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells that guide bone regeneration. These findings demonstrate the potential application of AgNP-coated collagen membranes to prevent infection after bone graft introduction in alveolar ridge reconstruction.

Fabrication of a silver nanoparticle-coated collagen membrane with anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities for guided bone regeneration.

Obesity is a well-recognised risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA). Our aim is to characterise body mass index (BMI)-associated pathological changes in the osteochondral unit and determine if obesity is the major causal antecedent of early joint replacement in patients with OA.

Peilin Chen

Centre of Orthopaedic Translational Research,
Medical School,
Centre of Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School

University of Western Australia

Applying a Three-dimensional Uniaxial Mechanical Stimulation Bioreactor System to Induce Tenogenic Differentiation of Tendon-Derived Stem Cells

Peilin Chen

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University of Western Australia

Applying a Three-dimensional Uniaxial Mechanical Stimulation Bioreactor System to Induce Tenogenic Differentiation of Tendon-Derived Stem Cells

Centre of Orthopaedic Translational Research,
Medical School,
Centre of Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School