A model is a theoretical way to understand a concept or an idea. Models can overcome barriers to health regardless of diverse economic and cultural backgrounds. In addition, models make the task easier by providing different ways to approach complex issues. There are two major health promotion models: the health belief model and the health promotion model.

The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's motivation to undertake healthier behavior can be classified into three categories: individual perception, modifying factors, and the likelihood of action. General health values, specific health beliefs, and vulnerability to a particular health threat are the three primary factors influencing the perception of personal health behavior.

The health promotion model (HPM) offers a framework for deriving predictions about certain health behaviors. HPM states that health-promoting behaviors improve health and enhance functional ability and quality of life. According to HPM, individuals seek to interact with the environment, progressively transforming the environment and being transformed over time. The outcome is attaining positive health, such as optimal well-being, personal fulfillment, and productivity.