The human body is a powerhouse of energy, with every cell performing numerous functions that require energy. This energy production and consumption is measured by the metabolic rate, which quantifies the total heat generated by all the body's chemical reactions and mechanical work. This measurement helps to determine the rate of kilocalorie (kcal) consumption needed to fuel all ongoing activities.

The Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) measures the energy expended at rest.

Several factors influence the BMR, including age, gender, body temperature, stress, and the hormone thyroxine. Younger individuals have a higher BMR due to their growth requirements, while older people experience a decline in BMR. Men typically have a higher metabolic rate than women due to their greater muscle mass.

Furthermore, BMR fluctuates with body temperature, rising during a fever. Stress, both physical and emotional, can also spike BMR by activating the sympathetic nervous system. Hormones like epinephrine and norepinephrine stimulate fat catabolism, raising BMR.

Lastly, thyroxine, a hormone from the thyroid gland, significantly influences BMR. Often referred to as the "metabolic hormone," thyroxine accelerates oxygen consumption and heat production. Therefore, the more thyroxine present, the higher the BMR.

Из главы 28:

article

Now Playing

28.18 : Metabolic Rate

Absorption of Nutrients

48 Просмотры

article

28.1 : Углеводы: пищевые источники и потребности

Absorption of Nutrients

146 Просмотры

article

28.2 : Белки: пищевые источники и потребности

Absorption of Nutrients

115 Просмотры

article

28.3 : Липиды: пищевые источники и требования

Absorption of Nutrients

404 Просмотры

article

28.4 : Витамины

Absorption of Nutrients

69 Просмотры

article

28.5 : Минералов

Absorption of Nutrients

99 Просмотры

article

28.6 : Обзор углеводного обмена

Absorption of Nutrients

114 Просмотры

article

28.7 : Обзор белкового обмена

Absorption of Nutrients

126 Просмотры

article

28.8 : Обзор липидного обмена

Absorption of Nutrients

429 Просмотры

article

28.9 : Холестерин: значение и регулирование

Absorption of Nutrients

368 Просмотры

article

28.10 : Усвоение углеводов

Absorption of Nutrients

75 Просмотры

article

28.11 : Усвоение белка

Absorption of Nutrients

35 Просмотры

article

28.12 : Абсорбция липидов

Absorption of Nutrients

200 Просмотры

article

28.13 : Усвоение минералов, витаминов и воды

Absorption of Nutrients

71 Просмотры

article

28.14 : Метаболические состояния организма: абсорбционное состояние

Absorption of Nutrients

550 Просмотры

See More

JoVE Logo

Исследования

Образование

О JoVE

Авторские права © 2025 MyJoVE Corporation. Все права защищены