Individualist and collectivist cultures emphasize different core values, shaping personality in distinct ways. In individualist cultures, such as those in the United States, England, and Australia, people prioritize independence, competition, and personal achievement. These societies tend to promote self-focused traits, with individuals often reporting higher levels of self-esteem. In contrast, collectivist cultures, commonly found in regions like Asia, Africa, and South America, emphasize social harmony, respect, and the collective good. In these societies, social traits are more valued, and behavior is shaped heavily by social norms and group expectations.

The way personality is expressed and understood differs across these cultural contexts. In individualist societies, traits like assertiveness and personal success are celebrated, while in collectivist cultures, qualities like empathy and cooperation take precedence. Research has shown that personality assessments in collectivist societies are more meaningful when interpreted within the cultural context. For instance, in Papua New Guinea, assessments revealed that individuals' behaviors and traits align more with their cultural values than with universal personality frameworks. Similarly, studies on Native American populations have highlighted the importance of incorporating cultural sensitivity when conducting psychological assessments, recognizing the unique historical and social factors influencing these communities.

However, it's important not to oversimplify the differences between individualist and collectivist cultures. Not all individuals in these societies strictly follow cultural norms. Roughly 60% of people in individualist cultures exhibit individualist traits, while the same proportion in collectivist societies display collectivist traits. Additionally, collectivism varies significantly within regions, with notable differences across Asian cultures. These complexities illustrate that while cultural values strongly influence personality, individual variation and regional differences are significant to consider when analyzing human behavior across societies.

Из главы 9:

article

Now Playing

9.24 : Cultural Influences on Personality

Personality

40 Просмотры

article

9.1 : Introduction to Personality Psychology

Personality

8.1K Просмотры

article

9.2 : Psychodynamic Perspectives on Personality

Personality

392 Просмотры

article

9.3 : Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

Personality

167 Просмотры

article

9.4 : Structure of Self

Personality

58 Просмотры

article

9.5 : Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Oral

Personality

117 Просмотры

article

9.6 : Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Anal

Personality

98 Просмотры

article

9.7 : Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Phallic

Personality

70 Просмотры

article

9.8 : Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Latency

Personality

80 Просмотры

article

9.9 : Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Genital

Personality

115 Просмотры

article

9.10 : Horney's Sociocultural Approach

Personality

106 Просмотры

article

9.11 : Jung's Analytical Theory

Personality

38 Просмотры

article

9.12 : Adler's Individual Psychology

Personality

85 Просмотры

article

9.13 : The Behavioral Perspective on Personality

Personality

60 Просмотры

article

9.14 : Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality

Personality

203 Просмотры

See More

JoVE Logo

Исследования

Образование

О JoVE

Авторские права © 2025 MyJoVE Corporation. Все права защищены