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Chapter 13

The Joints

Introduction to Joints
Introduction to Joints
The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the ...
Functional Classification of Joints
Functional Classification of Joints
Functional Classification of Joints The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are ...
Structural Classification of Joints
Structural Classification of Joints
Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the ...
Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints
Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints
Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement ...
Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints
Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints
As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike ...
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints
Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. ...
Articulations of the Vertebral Column
Articulations of the Vertebral Column
In addition to being held together by the intervertebral discs, adjacent vertebrae also articulate with each other at synovial joints formed between the ...
Knee Joint
Knee Joint
The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is ...
Ankle Joint
Ankle Joint
The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the ...
Development of the Limb Synovial Joints
Development of the Limb Synovial Joints
Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all ...
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