Chapter 3
Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations
Molecules and Compounds
Atoms and Molecules
Everything in the universe is made up of matter, and matter is composed of a combination of elements. An atom is the smallest unit of ...
Chemical Formulas
A chemical formula presents information about the proportions of atoms constituting a particular chemical compound or molecule, mainly using symbols of ...
Molecular Models
Physical models representing molecular architectures of chemical compounds play essential roles in understanding chemistry. The use of molecular models ...
Classification of Elements and Compounds
Pure substances consist of only one type of matter. A pure substance can be an element or a compound. An element consists of only one type of atom, while ...
Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature
An element composed of atoms that readily lose electrons (a metal) can react with an element composed of atoms that readily gain electrons (a nonmetal) to ...
Molecular Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature
Molecular compounds or covalent compounds result when atoms share electrons to form covalent bonds. Since there is no electron transfer, molecular ...
Organic Compounds
All living things are formed mostly of carbon compounds called organic compounds. The category of organic compounds includes both natural and synthetic ...
Formula Mass and Mole Concepts of Compounds
Formula Mass of Covalent Compounds
Chemical formulas represent the elemental makeup of substances. For covalent compounds, the formula represents the ...
Experimental Determination of Chemical Formula
The elemental makeup of a compound defines its chemical identity, and chemical formulas are the most concise way of representing this elemental makeup. ...
Chemical Equations
Chemical equations represent the identities and relative quantities of substances involved in a chemical reaction. The substances undergoing reaction are ...
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