Chapter 26
Angles and Directions
Meridians
In surveying, meridians are vital reference lines to measure directions and establish accurate land orientations. Meridians run from the north to the ...
Azimuths and Bearings
Azimuths and bearings are essential concepts in surveying, providing methods to express the direction of a line relative to a ...
Compass
The compass is a fundamental instrument that operates by aligning its magnetic needle with Earth's magnetic field. This alignment facilitates navigation ...
Magnetic Declination
Magnetic declination is the angle between true north, which aligns with the Earth's rotational axis, and magnetic north, which follows the direction of ...
Local Attraction
Local attraction refers to disturbances in compass readings caused by magnetic influences from nearby objects such as metal fences, buried pipes, ...
Design Example: Traverse Angle Computations
Traverse angle computations are a critical component of surveying, used to compute the internal angles within a closed traverse. A traverse consists of a ...
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