Name: Magnetic Force On A Current-Carrying Conductor
Uploaded: 2023-04-30T12:40:55
Description: Learn by watching this video about Magnetic Force On A Current-Carrying Conductor at JoVE.com

Consider a compass placed near a current-carrying conductor. The needle experiences a force and is aligned tangentially to a circle around the conductor. Thus, concentric loops of magnetic fields are formed around the conductor.
The direction of the magnetic field generated by the conductor can be determined by the right-hand rule: the thumb points in the direction of the current and the wrapped fingers provide the direction.
If the magnetic field moves outward from the plane, it is represented by a dot; if moving toward the plane, it is represented by a cross.
Consider an infinitesimal section of the current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. If n is the number density of free charges, then the number of charge carriers in the section can be determined.
Recalling the drift velocity equation, the magnetic force on a single charge and the total magnetic force in the section can be determined.
Assuming the length of the infinitesimal section is in the same direction as the drift velocity, the force on the current-carrying conductor can be determined.

<ol>
	<li>OpenStax. (2019). University Physics Vol. 2. [Web version], Pg 396 - 398. Retrieved from <a href="https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-2@8ede2ba/pages/11-4-magnetic-force-on-a-current-carrying-conductor">https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-2@8ede2ba/pages/11-4-magnetic-force-on-a-current-carrying-conductor</a></li>
</ol>

magnetic force on a current-carrying conductor

Moving charges experience a force in a magnetic field. Since the magnetic fields produced by moving charges are proportional to the current, a conductor carrying a current creates a magnetic field around it.
Consider a compass placed near a current-carrying wire. The wire experiences a force that aligns the needle of the compass tangentially around the wire. Thus, the current-carrying wire produces concentric circular loops of magnetic field. The magnetic field generated by a wire can be determined using the right-hand rule, which states that if the thumb points in the direction of the current, then the direction in which the fingers curl around the wire gives the direction of the magnetic field produced. Consider a rectangular plane in the XY direction. If the magnetic field moves out of the plane, those magnetic field lines are represented by a dot symbol. If the magnetic field moves into the plane, those magnetic field lines are represented by a cross symbol.
Consider a straight conducting wire with current flowing from the bottom to the top that has a length l and a cross-sectional area A. The conducting wire is placed in a uniform magnetic field that is perpendicular to the plane and directed into the plane. The drift velocity acts upward and is perpendicular to the magnetic field. The average force on each charge is directed to the left and is given as follows:
<img alt="Equation1" src="/files/ftp_upload/13768/13768_Equation_1.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 22px;" />
If there are n charges per unit volume, then the cross-sectional area of the wire multiplied by the number of charges per unit volume and the length gives the volume of the segmented wire. Thus, the total magnetic force on the segment has a magnitude as follows:
<img alt="Equation2" src="/files/ftp_upload/13768/13768_Equation_2.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 14px;" />
By recalling the drift velocity equation and substituting the terms, the total force on the segment can be calculated as follows:
<img alt="Equation3" src="/files/ftp_upload/13768/13768_Equation_3.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 12px;" />

Learn by watching this video about Magnetic Force On A Current-Carrying Conductor at JoVE.com

Magnetic Force On A Current-Carrying Conductor

Moving charges experience a force in a magnetic field. Since the magnetic fields produced by moving charges are proportional to the current, a conductor ...