The Bradford Hill criteria are a group of principles that provide a framework to determine a causal relationship between a specific factor and a disease. There are nine criteria that are pivotal in assessing causality in epidemiological studies. Here's a closer look at Strength, Consistency, Specificity, and Temporality criteria with definitions and examples:
These criteria, when applied together, offer a robust approach to discerning possible causal relationships in public health and epidemiology, guiding researchers in understanding complex interactions between various factors and health outcomes.
From Chapter 14:
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