Coping strategies are methods people use to manage, tolerate, or reduce the effects of stressors. These strategies involve both behavioral and psychological actions to handle stressful situations. One common approach is problem-focused coping, which aims to change or eliminate the source of stress rather than merely addressing its consequences. This method involves taking direct action to resolve the issue causing stress.

For example, consider a student who struggles to understand their professor's lectures. The student might address the problem by speaking with the professor for clarification, discussing the material with classmates, seeking help from a tutor, or forming a study group. These actions reflect problem-solving techniques, where the individual defines the problem, thinks of multiple solutions, evaluates these options, and takes effective steps to resolve the issue.

Another example is a project manager facing delays in project completion. To address this, the manager might collect data, identify workflow bottlenecks, and analyze previous reports. Based on this information, they may decide to adjust timelines, reallocate resources, or improve communication between team members. By focusing on solving the core issue, problem-focused coping enables proactive and informed decision-making.

The main goal of problem-focused coping is to change the individual's relationship with the stressor by taking control of the situation. It allows individuals to address challenges directly and proactively, fostering resilience and effective problem resolution. This approach empowers people to take charge of their circumstances and actively find ways to manage and reduce stress.