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Abstract

Introduction

Protocol

Representative Results

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Acknowledgements

Materials

References

Bioengineering

Ceppo controllato di idrogel 3D in imaging a microscopia dal vivo

Published: December 4th, 2020

DOI:

10.3791/61671

1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, 3School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, 4Center for the Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel-Aviv University

Il metodo presentato prevede lo stiramento uniassiale di idrogel morbidi 3D incorporati nella gomma siliconica, consentendo al contempo la microscopia confocale viva. Vengono dimostrate la caratterizzazione dei ceppi idrogel esterni e interni e l'allineamento delle fibre. Il dispositivo e il protocollo sviluppati possono valutare la risposta delle cellule a vari regimi di deformazione.

Le forze esterne sono un fattore importante nella formazione, nello sviluppo e nella manutenzione dei tessuti. Gli effetti di queste forze sono spesso studiati utilizzando metodi specializzati di stretching in vitro. Vari sistemi disponibili utilizzano barelle basate su substrato 2D, mentre l'accessibilità delle tecniche 3D per filtrare gli idrogel morbidi è più limitata. Qui descriviamo un metodo che consente lo stiramento esterno di idrogel morbidi dalla loro circonferenza, utilizzando una striscia elastica in silicone come portacampcampo. Il sistema di stretching utilizzato in questo protocollo è costruito con parti stampate in 3D ed elettronica a basso costo, rendendolo semplice e facile da replicare in altri laboratori. Il processo sperimentale inizia con idrogel di fibrina morbida spessi (>100 μm) (modulo elastico di ~ 100 Pa) in un ritaglio al centro di una striscia di silicone. I costrutti in silicone-gel vengono quindi attaccati al dispositivo di stiramento stampato e posizionati sullo stadio del microscopio confocale. Sotto microscopia dal vivo viene attivato il dispositivo di allungamento e i gel vengono immagini a varie grandezze di allungamento. L'elaborazione delle immagini viene quindi utilizzata per quantificare le deformazioni del gel risultanti, dimostrando ceppi relativamente omogenei e allineamento delle fibre attraverso lo spessore 3D del gel (asseZ). I vantaggi di questo metodo includono la capacità di filtrare idrogel estremamente morbidi in 3D durante l'esecuzione della microscopia in situ e la libertà di manipolare la geometria e le dimensioni del campione in base alle esigenze dell'utente. Inoltre, con un adeguato adattamento, questo metodo può essere utilizzato per allungare altri tipi di idrogel (ad esempio collagene, poliacrilammide o polietilene glicole) e può consentire l'analisi delle cellule e la risposta dei tessuti alle forze esterne in condizioni 3D più biomimetiche.

La risposta dei tessuti alle forze meccaniche è parte integrante di una vasta gamma di funzioni biologiche, tra cui l'espressione genica1,ladifferenziazione cellulare 2e il rimodellamento deitessuti 3. Inoltre, i cambiamenti indotti dalla forza nella matrice extracellulare (ECM) come l'allineamento e la densificazione delle fibre possono influire sul comportamento cellulare e sullaformazione dei tessuti 4,5,6. La struttura in rete fibrosa dell'ECM ha intriganti proprietà meccaniche, come elasticità non li....

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1. Preparazione della soluzione (da eseguire in anticipo)

  1. Etichettatura fibrinogena
    NOTA: La fase di etichettatura è necessaria solo se si desidera analizzare la deformazione del gel di fibrina. Per gli esperimenti cellulari, è possibile utilizzare un gel senza etichetta.
    1. Aggiungere 38 μL di colorante fluorescente succinimidil estere da 10 mg/ml (sciolto in DMSO) a 1,5 ml di soluzione di fibrinogeno da 15 mg/ml (rapporto molare di 5:1) in un tubo di centrifuga da 50 ml e posizionare su uno shaker .......

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I dati rappresentativi provenienti da un tratto statico di magnitudini crescenti applicato alla striscia di silicone che trasporta un idrogel di fibrina 3D, incorporato con perline fluorescenti da 1 μm, sono mostrati nella figura 9. L'analisi dimostra l'effetto dell'allungamento del silicone sui cambiamenti geometrici del cut-out e sui ceppi sviluppati all'interno del gel. Le immagini z-stackdell'intero gel vengono utilizzate per valutare la deformazione del ritaglio origi.......

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Il metodo e il protocollo qui presentati si basano in gran parte sul nostro precedente studio di Roitblat Riba etal.

I principali vantaggi del metodo presentato rispetto agli approcci esistenti includono la possibilità di sforzare idrogel 3D molto morbidi (modulo elastico di ~ 100 Pa) dalla loro circonferenza e sotto imaging confocale dal vivo. Altri metodi sono solitamente limitati nella loro capacità di applicare campi di deformazione nell'ass.......

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Alcune figure incluse qui sono state adattate su autorizzazione del Copyright Clearance Center: Springer Nature, Annals of Biomedical Engineering. Sforzo idrogel 3D con ceppi uniformi dell'asse Z, consentendo al contempo l'imaging di microscopia dal vivo, A. Roitblat Riba, S. Natan, A. Kolel, H. Rushkin, O. Tchaicheeyan, A. Lesman, Copyright© (2019).

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-019-02426-7

....

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NameCompanyCatalog NumberComments
Alexa Fluor 546 carboxylic acid, succinimidyl esterInvitrogenA20002
Cell Medium (DMEM High Glucose)Biological Industries01-052-1AAdd 10% FBS, 1% PNS, 1% L-Glutamine, 1% Sodium Pyruvate
Cover Slip #1.5Bar-Naor Ltd.BN72204-3022×40 mm
DIMETHYL SULPHOXIDE 99.5% GC DMSOSigma-Aldrich Inc.D-5879-500 ML
Dulbecco's Phosphate-Buffered SalineBiological Industries02-023-1A
EVICEL Fibrin Sealant (Human)Omrix Biopharmaceuticals3902Fibrinogen: 70 mg/mL, Thrombin: 800-1200 IU/mL
Fibrinogen BufferN/ARecipe for 1L: 7g NaCl, 2.94g trisodium citrate dihydrate, 9g glycine, 20g arginine hydrochloride & 0.15g calcium chloride dihydrate. Bring final volume to 1L with PuW (pH 7.0-7.2)
Fluorescent micro-beads FluoSpheres (1 µm)InvitrogenF8820Orange (540/560)
Provided as suspension (2% solids) in water plus 2 mM sodium azide
High-Temperature Silicone RubberMcMaster-Carr3788T41580 µm-thick
E = 1.5 Mpa
Poisson Ratio = 0.48
Tensile Strength = 4.8 MPa
Upper limit of stretch = +300% engineering strain
HiTrap desalting column 5 mL (Sephadex G-25 packed)GE Healthcare17-1408-01
HIVAC-G High Vacuum Sealing CompoundShin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.HIVAC-G 100
ImageJ FIJI software39National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MDVersion 1.8.0_112
Microcontroller (Adruino Uno + Adafruit Motorshield v2.3)Arduino/AdafruitArduino-DK001/Adafruit-1438
MicroVL 21R CentrifugeThermo Scientific75002470
ParafilmBemisPM-996
Primovert Light MicroscopeCarl Zeiss Suzhou Co., Ltd.491206-0011-000
SCyUS CAD (Solidworks)Dassault SystèmesN/A
SCyUS Code37N/AN/A
Servomotor - TowerPro SG-5010Adafruit155
SL 16R CentrifugeThermo Scientific75004030For 50 mL tubes
Sterile 10 cm non-culture platesCorning430167
Thrombin bufferN/ARecipe for 1L: 20g mannitol, 8.77g NaCl, 2.72g sodium acetate trihydrate, 24 mL 25% Human Serum Albumin, 5.88g calcium chloride. Bring final volume to 1L with PuW (pH 7.0)
Trypsin EDTA Solution B (0.25%), EDTA (0.05%)Biological Industries03-052-1B
USB Cable (Type B Male to Type A Male)N/AN/A
Zeiss LSM 880 Confocal MicroscopeCarl Zeiss AG2811000417
ZEN 2.3 SP1 FP3 (black)Carl Zeiss AGRelease Version 14.0.0.0

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