11.6 : Frustration and Conflict: Approach-Approach, Approach-Avoidance

Frustration occurs when people are obstructed or prevented from achieving a desired goal or fulfilling a perceived need. For example, when someone's input is ignored in a discussion, it can lead to feelings of frustration. Conflict, however, arises from opposing interests, goals, or actions. Conflicts can take various forms based on the nature of these opposing desires or goals.

One common type of conflict is the Approach–Approach Conflict. In this case, a person faces two desirable options, creating a relatively low-stress situation. Since both choices are appealing, the individual experiences only mild stress from having to select one over the other. For instance, a student might have to choose between attending two equally exciting universities. Another example is deciding between two attractive desserts, such as a rich chocolate cake or a refreshing key lime pie.

Another significant form of conflict is the Approach–Avoidance Conflict. This occurs when a single goal or event has both positive and negative aspects, leading to internal struggles. For example, a person considering a marriage proposal might perceive benefits like companionship and joy but also potential challenges such as disagreements and financial commitments. Similarly, someone might be offered an attractive job in a location they find unappealing. This type of conflict can be quite stressful, as the individual weighs the pros and cons of the decision, often resulting in indecision or hesitation.

These different types of conflicts demonstrate how desires and choices can complicate decision-making, depending on whether the choices are purely positive or involve significant trade-offs.