Yazarlar kılcal jel elektroforezi deneyleri ile yardımcı olmak için Bayan Tan Shi Min, Bayan Helen Ong ve Dr Zhao Yi teşekkür etmek istiyorum. Bu iş / 1314/2011 NMRC ve Çevre Bakanlığı AcRF Tier 2 Fon hibe MOE2011-T2-1-051 hibe NMRC / IRG&#39;de tarafından desteklendi.

<ol>
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T., Li, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=High-throughput+genotyping+of+CRISPR/Cas9-mediated+mutants+using+fluorescent+PCR-capillary+gel+electrophoresis.">High-throughput genotyping of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutants using fluorescent PCR-capillary gel electrophoresis.</a> Sci. Rep. 5, 15587 (2015).</li><li>Liu, C. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Distinct+Responses+of+Stem+Cells+to+Telomere+Uncapping-A+Potential+Strategy+to+Improve+the+Safety+of+Cell+Therapy.">Distinct Responses of Stem Cells to Telomere Uncapping-A Potential Strategy to Improve the Safety of Cell Therapy.</a> Stem cells. 34, 2471-2484 (2016).</li><li>Doench, J. 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E., Shalem, O., Zhang, F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Improved+vectors+and+genome-wide+libraries+for+CRISPR+screening.">Improved vectors and genome-wide libraries for CRISPR screening.</a> Nat. Methods. 11, 783-784 (2014).</li><li>Urnov, F. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Highly+efficient+endogenous+human+gene+correction+using+designed+zinc-finger+nucleases.">Highly efficient endogenous human gene correction using designed zinc-finger nucleases.</a> Nature. 435, 646-651 (2005).</li><li>Kim, H., Kim, J. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+guide+to+genome+engineering+with+programmable+nucleases.">A guide to genome engineering with programmable nucleases.</a> Nat. Rev. Genet. 15, 321-334 (2014).</li><li>Dahlem, T. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Simple+methods+for+generating+and+detecting+locus-specific+mutations+induced+with+TALENs+in+the+zebrafish+genome.">Simple methods for generating and detecting locus-specific mutations induced with TALENs in the zebrafish genome.</a> PLoS Genet. 8, e1002861 (2012).</li><li>Thomas, H. R., Percival, S. M., Yoder, B. K., Parant, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=High-throughput+genome+editing+and+phenotyping+facilitated+by+high+resolution+melting+curve+analysis.">High-throughput genome editing and phenotyping facilitated by high resolution melting curve analysis.</a> PLoS One. 9, 114632 (2014).</li><li>Kim, J. M., Kim, D., Kim, S., Kim, J. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Genotyping+with+CRISPR-Cas-derived+RNA-guided+endonucleases.">Genotyping with CRISPR-Cas-derived RNA-guided endonucleases.</a> Nat. Commun. 5, 3157 (2014).</li></ol>

Yazarlar hiçbir rakip mali çıkarları olduğunu beyan ederim.

seçim modeli hücre hattında spesifik bir genin nakavt geni söz konusu hücresel bağlamda oynadığı rol ortaya çıkması için rutin hale gelmiştir. Aslında, çeşitli, genom çapında taramalarla genom 14, 15, 16, hemen hemen tüm bilinen insan dizilerini hedef CRISPR / Cas9 sistemi kullanmak şu anda mevcuttur. Bu büyük ölçekli ekranlar (veya ilgili tek tek genlerin hedeflenmesi daha küçük ölçekli) ile tasar...

Ters genetik yaklaşımlar bilim adamları hücrede veya bütün organizma üzerinde genomun spesifik değişikliklerle olası etkisini araştırmak için izin vermiş. Örneğin, belirli bir genin ekspresyonu, bu hücrenin veya fonksiyonu üzerinde sahip olduğu etkiyi tespit etmek amacıyla gen yok etme, 1, 2 (kısmi azalma) ya da gen nakavt 3, 4 (tamamen ortadan) zayıflatılmış edilebilir organizmanın gelişimi. Gen knockout deneyleri, çinko-parmak nükleazlar (ZFNs) ve transkripsiyon aktivatörü gibi efektör nükleazlar (TALENS) olarak dizi-spesifik programlanabilir nükleazlar, girmesinden bu yana kolay hale gelmiştir. Ancak, düzenli olarak kısa palindromik tekrarını (CRISPR) serpiştirildiği kümelenmiş nispeten son karakterizasyonu / Cas9 sistemi gen gerçekleştirmek için dünyanın herhangi bir laboratuvar için son derece kolay yapmıştırE nakavt deneyleri. Esas olarak, CRISPR / Cas9 sistemi iki temel bileşenleri-a tanır ve genomunda özel bir diziye baz tamamlayıcılık ile bağlanan tek bir kılavuz RNA (sgRNA), ve Cas9 adı verilen bir endonükleaz oluşur. genomik DNA üzerinde sgRNA-Cas9 kompleksinin spesifik bağlanma ve eylem sonrasında DNA çift iplikli bölünmesidir. Bu da, daha sonra, homolog olmayan uç birleştirme (NHEJ) ya da homolog rekombinasyon (HR) yolları ile tamir edilir hücre, DNA hasarı yanıt mekanizması devreye girer. NHEJ onarım mekanizması (ancak sıcak mekanizması) çoğu zaman ekleme / silme (indel) mutasyonlar ile sonuçlanan tamir yerinde rasgele yerleştirilmesi veya nükleotidin silinmesi ile sonuçlanmasından dolayı, bir eksonun okuma çerçevesi kaymasına neden olabilir. Bu, daha sonra, bağlı çeviri ve anlamsız aracılı çürüme 5, 6 &#39;nın prematüre terminasyonuna genin nakavt sonuçlanabilir7. Bir gen nakavt CRISPR / Cas9 sisteminin katılmasıyla elde kolaylık rağmen, hedeflenen hücre klonlarının genotipleme özellikle 8, 9 ayar yüksek throughput, bir tıkanıklık kalır. majör kendine özgü sınırları acı veya mali masraflı, ya Mevcut teknikleri. Örneğin, 10 dupleksleri DNA uyumsuzluklarını bulgulamaktadır enzimatik bir deneyidir bilirkişi veya T7E1 tahlili, vahşi tipli ve homozigoz mutantlar klonlar ayırt etmek mümkün değildir, bu klonlar, alele sahiptir ve dolayısıyla bu yana (olan aleller aynı mutasyona uğratılır klonları), DNA dizisi 11 uyumsuzlukları mevcut değildir. Buna ek olarak, yüksek verimli bir kurulumda, mutant klonları genotipleme altın standart olarak kabul edilir, Sanger sekanslanması, bir kullanımı, yüksek maliyet istenmemektedir. Burada, bir imhaya sunmakDiğer mevcut Genotipleme teknikleri limitlerini aşmak ve nükleaz aracılı nakavt klonlarının bir yüksek verimli bir ekranı yerine getirilmesinde özellikle faydalıdır floresan PCR kılcal jel elektroforezi tekniğinin ailed protokolü. Bu yöntem gerçekleştirmek için teknik olarak basit ve zaman ve maliyet tasarrufu sağlar.

<table><tbody><tr><td>HEPG2 cells</td><td>ATCC</td><td>HB-8065</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>HyClone Dulbecco&#039;s Modified Eagles Medium (DMEM)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>SH30022.01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>HyClone Fetal Bovine Serum</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>SV30160.03</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>pSpCas9(BB)-2A-GFP plasmid</td><td>Addgene</td><td>PX458</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lipofectamine 2000</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>11668027</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Trypsin-EDTA (0.25%), phenol red</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>25200056</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Trypsin-EDTA (0.5%), no phenol red</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>15400054</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Penicillin-Streptomycin (10,000 U/mL)</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>15140122</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>HyClone Water, Molecular Biology Grade</td><td>GE Healthcare</td><td>SH30538.02</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>CRISPR sgRNA insert oligonucleotide (sense)</td><td>AITbiotech</td><td>None</td><td>Sequence: 5&#039;-CACCGCTAACCTTTCAGCCTGCCTA-3&#039;</td></tr><tr><td>CRISPR sgRNA insert oligonucleotide (anti-sense)</td><td>AITbiotech</td><td>None</td><td>Sequence: 5&#039;-AAACTAGGCAGGCTGAAAGGTTAGC-3&#039;</td></tr><tr><td>Unlabeled PCR amplification forward primer</td><td>AITbiotech</td><td>None</td><td>Sequence: 5&#039;-CACTAACTCCAATGCTTCAGTTTC-3&#039;; this primer is also used to sequence PCR amplified alleles</td></tr><tr><td>6-FAM-labeled fluorescent PCR forward primer</td><td>AITbiotech</td><td>None</td><td>Sequence: 5&#039;-6-FAM-CACTAACTCCAATGCTTCAGTTTC-3&#039;</td></tr><tr><td>HEX-labeled fluorescent PCR forward primer</td><td>AITbiotech</td><td>None</td><td>Sequence: 5&#039;-HEX-CACTAACTCCAATGCTTCAGTTTC-3&#039;</td></tr><tr><td>Unlabeled PCR reverse primer</td><td>AITbiotech</td><td>None</td><td>Sequence: 5&#039;-CCTCTTCCAAGTCTGCTTATGT-3&#039;</td></tr><tr><td>Taq PCR Core Kit</td><td>QIAGEN</td><td>201223</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hi-Di Formamide</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>4311320</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>GeneScan 500 LIZ Dye Size Standard</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>4322682</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>MicroAmp Optical 96-Well Reaction Plate</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>4306737</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3500xL Genetic Analyzer</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>4405633</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3500 Series 2 program</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>4476988</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Gene Mapper 5 program</td><td>Thermo Fisher Scientific</td><td>4475073</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Gentra Puregene Cell Kit</td><td>QIAGEN</td><td>1045696</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Wizard SV Gel and PCR Clean-Up System</td><td>Promega</td><td>A9282</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>NAP1L1 Antibody (N-term)</td><td>Abgent</td><td>AP1920b</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Nuclear Matrix Protein p84 antibody [5E10]</td><td>GeneTex</td><td>GTX70220</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Peroxidase AffiniPure Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG</td><td>Jackson ImmunoResearch</td><td>111-035-144</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Peroxidase AffiniPure Sheep Anti-Mouse IgG</td><td>Jackson ImmunoResearch</td><td>515-035-003</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

using a fluorescent pcr-capillary gel electrophoresis technique to genotype crispr/cas9-mediated knockout mutants in a high-throughput format

Programlanabilir genom düzenleme araçlarının geliştirilmesi spesifik genomik diziler hücreleri ve bütün organizmaların işlev görmesi de rol oynadıklarını anlamak için ters genetik kolaylaştırmıştır. Bu neden müthiş dızı CRISPR&#39;nın yakın zamanda piyasaya sürülmüş araştırmacılar amacıyla, diğer şeylerin yanı sıra, genom ve transkriptom manipüle nakavt, yıkmak veya hedeflenen genlerinde vurmak için izin verir / Cas9 sistem çok yönlü bir araçtır ile yardım görmüştür tavır. bir gen nakavt amacıyla CRISPR / çift iplikli sonları kırılma yerinde nükleotidlerin çerçeve neden olan ekleme veya silme tanıtmak için homolog olmayan uç birleştirme DNA onarım yolağı işe Cas9 aracılı. Ancak, tek bir kılavuz RNA istenmeyen hedef dışı etkilere neden olabilir ve bu ekarte etmek için, çok sayıda kılavuz RNA&#39;ların kullanılması gereklidir. hedeflerin bu çokluğu Klonlardan yüksek hacimli tarama bu da bir ef kullanımını begs olan, gerekli olduğu anlamına gelirnakavt klonları Genotip yüksek verimli tekniği ficient. Güncel genotip teknikleri ya dolayısıyla yüksek verimli amaçlar için uygunsuz render kalıcı sınırlamalar muzdarip veya yüksek ücrete tabidir. Burada, bir şablon olarak ham hücre lizatı, genomik DNA kullanan florasan PCR kullanılarak ve daha sonra, kılcal jel elektroforezi ile PCR parçası çözme ayrıntılarıyla protokolü. Bu teknik, fragmanlar arasında bir baz çift farklılığı ayırmak için yeterince doğru ve dolayısıyla hedeflenen genin kodlama dizisine bir çerçeve kayması varlığını veya yokluğunu gösteren de yeterlidir. Bu kesin bilgi etkin bir şekilde teyit dizisi aşaması için ihtiyaç engellemektedir ve kullanıcıların sürecinde zaman ve maliyetten tasarruf sağlar. Burada ve başka yerlerde gösterildiği gibi Ayrıca bu teknik, bir çok genin karşı kılavuz RNA&#39;lar tarafından hedeflenen çeşitli doku kaynaklarından çeşitli memeli hücrelerini genotipleme içinde çok yönlü olduğu kanıtlanmıştır.

Burada tarif edilen floresan PCR kılcal jel elektroforezi tekniği yabancı DNA teslim için uygun olan hemen hemen herhangi bir hücre hattında genomunda hedeflenebilir bölgesi için geçerli olması beklenmektedir. Daha önce, bir kolorektal kanser hücresi hattı 12 üç geni hedef alan ile uygulanmasına göstermişlerdir. Burada, bir dızı CRISPR&#39;nın hedeflenen bir hepatoselüler karsinom hücre hattı, HepG2, genotipleme kendi etkinlik / Cas9 1 (NAP...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Using a Fluorescent PCR-capillary Gel Electrophoresis Technique to Genotype CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Knockout Mutants in a High-throughput Format at JoVE.com

Using a Fluorescent PCR-capillary Gel Electrophoresis Technique to Genotype CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Knockout Mutants in a High-throughput Format

Floresan polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) jel elektroforezi kılcal çiftler burada tarif edilen genotipleme tekniği, nükleaz aracılı nakavt klonları yüksek verimli genotipleme için izin verir. Diğer Genotipleme teknikleri karşılaştığı sınırlamaları ortadan ve dizileme yöntemleri maliyet açısından daha etkilidir.

CRISPR genotipine bir Floresan PCR kılcal jel elektroforezi Tekniği / yüksek verimli bir Format Nakavt Mutants Cas9 aracılı

The development of programmable genome-editing tools has facilitated the use of reverse genetics to understand the roles specific genomic sequences play ...

using-fluorescent-pcr-capillary-gel-electrophoresis-technique-to

Research

JoVE Journal

Genetics

13.7K Görüntüleme.  Duke-NUS Medical School.  Floresan polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) jel elektroforezi kılcal çiftler burada tarif edilen genotipleme tekniği, nükleaz aracılı nakavt klonları yüksek verimli genotipleme için izin verir. Diğer Genotipleme teknikleri karşılaştığı sınırlamaları ortadan ve dizileme yöntemleri maliyet açısından daha etkilidir. 

Video: Using a Fluorescent PCR-capillary Gel Electrophoresis Technique to Genotype CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Knockout Mutants in a High-throughput Format

Selection-dependent and Independent Generation of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Gene Knockouts in Mammalian Cells

The CRISPR/Cas9 genome engineering system has revolutionized biology by allowing for precise genome editing with little effort. Guided by a single guide RNA (sgRNA) that confers specificity, the Cas9 protein cleaves both DNA strands at the targeted locus. The DNA break can trigger either non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homology directed repair (HDR). NHEJ can introduce small deletions or insertions which lead to frame-shift mutations, while HDR allows for larger and more precise perturbations. Here, we present protocols for generating knockout cell lines by coupling established CRISPR/Cas9 methods with two options for downstream selection/screening. The NHEJ approach uses a single sgRNA cut site and selection-independent screening, where protein production is assessed by dot immunoblot in a high-throughput manner. The HDR approach uses two sgRNA cut sites that span the gene of interest. Together with a provided HDR template, this method can achieve deletion of tens of kb, aided by the inserted selectable resistance marker. The appropriate applications and advantages of each method are discussed.

Recent advances in the ability to genetically manipulate somatic cell lines hold great potential for basic and applied research. Here, we present two approaches for CRISPR/Cas9 generated knockout production and screening in mammalian cell lines, with and without the use of selectable markers.

Memeli Hücrelerinde CRISPR / Cas9 aracılı Gen Knockout&#39;larının Seçime Bağlı ve Bağımsız Üretimi

The CRISPR/Cas9 genome engineering system has revolutionized biology by allowing for precise genome editing with little effort. Guided by a single guide ...

Genetik

Efficient Production and Identification of CRISPR/Cas9-generated Gene Knockouts in the Model System Danio rerio

Characterization of the clustered, regularly interspaced, short, palindromic repeat (CRISPR) system of Streptococcus pyogenes has enabled the development of a customizable platform to rapidly generate gene modifications in a wide variety of organisms, including zebrafish. CRISPR-based genome editing uses a single guide RNA (sgRNA) to target a CRISPR-associated (Cas) endonuclease to a genomic DNA (gDNA) target of interest, where the Cas endonuclease generates a double-strand break (DSB). Repair of DSBs by error-prone mechanisms lead to insertions and/or deletions (indels). This can cause frameshift mutations that often introduce a premature stop codon within the coding sequence, thus creating a protein-null allele. CRISPR-based genome engineering requires only a few molecular components and is easily introduced into zebrafish embryos by microinjection. This protocol describes the methods used to generate CRISPR reagents for zebrafish microinjection and to identify fish exhibiting germline transmission of CRISPR-modified genes. These methods include in vitro transcription of sgRNAs, microinjection of CRISPR reagents, identification of indels induced at the target site using a PCR-based method called a heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA), and characterization of the indels using both a low throughput and a powerful next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based approach that can analyze multiple PCR products collected from heterozygous fish. This protocol is streamlined to minimize both the number of fish required and the types of equipment needed to perform the analyses. Furthermore, this protocol is designed to be amenable for use by laboratory personal of all levels of experience including undergraduates, enabling this powerful tool to be economically employed by any research group interested in performing CRISPR-based genomic modification in zebrafish.

Efficient Production and Identification of CRISPR/Cas9-generated Gene Knockouts in the Model System Danio rerio

Targeted genome editing in the model system Danio rerio (zebrafish) has been greatly facilitated by the emergence of CRISPR-based approaches. Herein, we describe a streamlined, robust protocol for generation and identification of CRISPR-derived nonsense alleles that incorporates the heteroduplex mobility assay and identification of mutations using next-generation sequencing.

Verimli üretim ve Model sistem Danio rerio kimlik CRISPR/Cas9 tarafından oluşturulan Gene altını gizleme

Characterization of the clustered, regularly interspaced, short, palindromic repeat (CRISPR) system of Streptococcus pyogenes has enabled the development ...

Highly Efficient Gene Disruption of Murine and Human Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells by CRISPR/Cas9

Advances in the hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) field have been aided by methods to genetically engineer primary progenitor cells as well as animal models. Complete gene ablation in HSCs required the generation of knockout mice from which HSCs could be isolated, and gene ablation in primary human HSCs was not possible. Viral transduction could be used for knock-down approaches, but these suffered from variable efficacy. In general, genetic manipulation of human and mouse hematopoietic cells was hampered by low efficiencies and extensive time and cost commitments. Recently, CRISPR/Cas9 has dramatically expanded the ability to engineer the DNA of mammalian cells. However, the application of CRISPR/Cas9 to hematopoietic cells has been challenging, mainly due to their low transfection efficiencies, the toxicity of plasmid-based approaches and the slow turnaround time of virus-based protocols.
A rapid method to perform CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in murine and human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with knockout efficiencies of up to 90% is provided in this article. This approach utilizes a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) delivery strategy with a streamlined three-day workflow. The use of Cas9-sgRNA RNP allows for a hit-and-run approach, introducing no exogenous DNA sequences in the genome of edited cells and reducing off-target effects. The RNP-based method is fast and straightforward: it does not require cloning of sgRNAs, virus preparation or specific sgRNA chemical modification. With this protocol, scientists should be able to successfully generate knockouts of a gene of interest in primary hematopoietic cells within a week, including downtimes for oligonucleotide synthesis. This approach will allow a much broader group of users to adapt this protocol for their needs.

A protocol for fast CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene disruption in mouse and human primary hematopoietic cells is described in this article. Cas9-sgRNA ribonucleoproteins are introduced via electroporation with sgRNAs generated through in vitro transcription and commercial Cas9. High editing efficiencies are achieved with limited time and financial cost.

Fare ve insan hematopoetik progenitör hücre tarafından CRISPR/Cas9 yüksek verimli Gene bozulma

Advances in the hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) field have been aided by methods to genetically engineer primary progenitor cells as well as animal models. ...

A Rapid and Facile Pipeline for Generating Genomic Point Mutants in C. elegans Using CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins

The clustered regularly interspersed palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) prokaryotic adaptive immune defense system has been co-opted as a powerful tool for precise eukaryotic genome engineering. Here, we present a rapid and simple method using chimeric single guide RNAs (sgRNA) and CRISPR-Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) for the efficient and precise generation of genomic point mutations in C. elegans. We describe a pipeline for sgRNA target selection, homology-directed repair (HDR) template design, CRISPR-Cas9-RNP complexing and delivery, and a genotyping strategy that enables the robust and rapid identification of correctly edited animals. Our approach not only permits the facile generation and identification of desired genomic point mutant animals, but also facilitates the detection of other complex indel alleles in approximately 4 - 5 days with high efficiency and a reduced screening workload.

A Rapid and Facile Pipeline for Generating Genomic Point Mutants in C. elegans Using CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins

Here, we present a method to engineer the genome of C. elegans using CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoproteins and homology dependent repair templates.

Bir hızlı ve genomik noktası mutantlar C. elegans kullanarak CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins üreten Facile boru hattı

The clustered regularly interspersed palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) prokaryotic adaptive immune defense system has been ...

Pooled CRISPR-Based Genetic Screens in Mammalian Cells

Genome editing using the CRISPR-Cas system has vastly advanced the ability to precisely edit the genomes of various organisms. In the context of mammalian cells, this technology represents a novel means to perform genome-wide genetic screens for functional genomics studies. Libraries of guide RNAs (sgRNA) targeting all open reading frames permit the facile generation of thousands of genetic perturbations in a single pool of cells that can be screened for specific phenotypes to implicate gene function and cellular processes in an unbiased and systematic way. CRISPR-Cas screens provide researchers with a simple, efficient, and inexpensive method to uncover the genetic blueprints for cellular phenotypes. Furthermore, differential analysis of screens performed in various cell lines and from different cancer types can identify genes that are contextually essential in tumor cells, revealing potential targets for specific anticancer therapies. Performing genome-wide screens in human cells can be daunting, as this involves the handling of tens of millions of cells and requires analysis of large sets of data. The details of these screens, such as cell line characterization, CRISPR library considerations, and understanding the limitations and capabilities of CRISPR technology during analysis, are often overlooked. Provided here is a detailed protocol for the successful performance of pooled genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 based screens.

CRISPR-Cas9 technology provides an efficient method to precisely edit the mammalian genome in any cell type and represents a novel means to perform genome-wide genetic screens. A detailed protocol discussing the steps required for the successful performance of pooled genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screens is provided here.

Memeli Hücrelerinde Havuzlu CRISPR Tabanlı Genetik Ekranlar

Genome editing using the CRISPR-Cas system has vastly advanced the ability to precisely edit the genomes of various organisms. In the context of mammalian ...

Investigation of the Transcriptional Role of a RUNX1 Intronic Silencer by CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells

The bulk of the human genome (~98%) is comprised of non-coding sequences. Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) are non-coding DNA sequences that contain binding sites for transcriptional regulators to modulate gene expression. Alterations of CREs have been implicated in various diseases including cancer. While promoters and enhancers have been the primary CREs for studying gene regulation, very little is known about the role of silencer, which is another type of CRE that mediates gene repression. Originally identified as an adaptive immunity system in prokaryotes, CRISPR/Cas9 has been exploited to be a powerful tool for eukaryotic genome editing. Here, we present the use of this technique to delete an intronic silencer in the human RUNX1 gene and investigate the impacts on gene expression in OCI-AML3 leukemic cells. Our approach relies on electroporation-mediated delivery of two preassembled Cas9/guide RNA (gRNA) ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes to create two double-strand breaks (DSBs) that flank the silencer. Deletions can be readily screened by fragment analysis. Expression analyses of different mRNAs transcribed from alternative promoters help evaluate promoter-dependent effects. This strategy can be used to study other CREs and is particularly suitable for hematopoietic cells, which are often difficult to transfect with plasmid-based methods. The use of a plasmid- and virus-free strategy allows simple and fast assessments of gene regulatory functions.

Investigation of the Transcriptional Role of a RUNX1 Intronic Silencer by CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells

Direct delivery of preassembled Cas9/guide RNA ribonucleoprotein complexes is a fast and efficient means for genome editing in hematopoietic cells. Here, we utilize this approach to delete a RUNX1 intronic silencer and examine the transcriptional responses in OCI-AML3 leukemic cells.

Akut Miyeloid Lösemi Hücrelerinde CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonükleoprotein ile RUNX1 Intronic Susturucunun Transkripsiyonel Rolünün İncelendirin

The bulk of the human genome (~98%) is comprised of non-coding sequences. Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) are non-coding DNA sequences that contain binding ...

Cell Surface Receptor Identification Using Genome-Scale CRISPR/Cas9 Genetic Screens

Intercellular communication mediated by direct interactions between membrane-embedded cell surface receptors is crucial for the normal development and functioning of multicellular organisms. Detecting these interactions remains technically challenging, however. This manuscript describes a systematic genome-scale CRISPR/Cas9 knockout genetic screening approach that reveals cellular pathways required for specific cell surface recognition events. This assay utilizes recombinant proteins produced in a mammalian protein expression system as avid binding probes to identify interaction partners in a cell-based genetic screen. This method can be used to identify the genes necessary for cell surface interactions detected by recombinant binding probes corresponding to the ectodomains of membrane-embedded receptors. Importantly, given the genome-scale nature of this approach, it also has the advantage of not only identifying the direct receptor but also the cellular components that are required for the presentation of the receptor at the cell surface, thereby providing valuable insights into the biology of the receptor.

This manuscript describes a genome-scale cell-based screening approach to identify extracellular receptor-ligand interactions.

Genom ÖlçeğiCRISPR/Cas9 Genetik Ekranlar Kullanılarak Hücre Yüzey Reseptör Tanımlama

Intercellular communication mediated by direct interactions between membrane-embedded cell surface receptors is crucial for the normal development and ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>Tedavi direncini araştırmak için CART hücrelerinde genom çapında CRISPR ekranları

Performing an In Vitro Genome-Wide CRISPR Knockout Screen in Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CART) cell therapy is an innovative form of targeted immunotherapy that has revolutionized the treatment of cancer. However, the durable response remains limited. Recent studies have shown that the epigenetic landscape of preinfusion CART cell products can influence response to therapy, and gene editing has been proposed as a solution. However, more work needs to be done to determine the optimal gene editing strategy. Genome-wide CRISPR screens have become popular tools to both investigate mechanisms of resistance and optimize gene editing strategies. Yet their application to primary cells presents many challenges. Here we describe a method to complete a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen in CART cells from healthy donors. As a proof-of-concept model, we designed this method to investigate the development of exhaustion in CART cells targeting the CD19 antigen. However, we believe that this approach can be used to address a variety of mechanisms of resistance to therapy in different CAR constructs and tumor models.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>Kimerik Antijen Reseptörü T Hücrelerinde İn Vitro Genom Çapında CRISPR Nakavt Taraması Gerçekleştirme

The article describes a protocol for the application of an in vitro model for exhaustion to complete a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen in healthy donor chimeric antigen receptor T cells.

Kimerik Antijen Reseptörü T Hücrelerinde İn Vitro Genom Çapında CRISPR Nakavt Taraması Gerçekleştirme

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CART) cell therapy is an innovative form of targeted immunotherapy that has revolutionized the treatment of cancer. However, ...

CRISPR genotipine bir Floresan PCR kılcal jel elektroforezi Tekniği / yüksek verimli bir Format Nakavt Mutants Cas9 aracılı

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Memeli Hücrelerinde CRISPR / Cas9 aracılı Gen Knockout'larının Seçime Bağlı ve Bağımsız Üretimi

Verimli üretim ve Model sistem Danio rerio kimlik CRISPR/Cas9 tarafından oluşturulan Gene altını gizleme

Fare ve insan hematopoetik progenitör hücre tarafından CRISPR/Cas9 yüksek verimli Gene bozulma

Bir hızlı ve genomik noktası mutantlar C. elegans kullanarak CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins üreten Facile boru hattı

Memeli Hücrelerinde Havuzlu CRISPR Tabanlı Genetik Ekranlar

Akut Miyeloid Lösemi Hücrelerinde CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonükleoprotein ile RUNX1 Intronic Susturucunun Transkripsiyonel Rolünün İncelendirin

Genom ÖlçeğiCRISPR/Cas9 Genetik Ekranlar Kullanılarak Hücre Yüzey Reseptör Tanımlama

Kimerik Antijen Reseptörü T Hücrelerinde İn Vitro Genom Çapında CRISPR Nakavt Taraması Gerçekleştirme

Kimerik Antijen Reseptörü T Hücrelerinde İn Vitro Genom Çapında CRISPR Nakavt Taraması Gerçekleştirme

Kimerik Antijen Reseptörü T Hücrelerinde İn Vitro Genom Çapında CRISPR Nakavt Taraması Gerçekleştirme