Mevcut çalışma Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado BUAP, koleksiyonlara bilim ve Proje No tarafından desteklenen REOY-NAT14, 15, 16-G. HEAŞ-NAT17. RMG CONACyT (Meksika) burs 417887 için teşekkürler.

1. tepki
<ol><li>Bir duman mahallede bir açılan yuvarlak 100 mL şişe 0,5 mol (29.8 mL) buzul Asetik asit ile yer ve 3,5-dimethylpyridine ve H2O2 (% 35) 5 mL 0,051 mol (5.82 mL) ekleyin. Bir iç sıcaklığı 80 ° c 5 h için karışım reaksiyon sabit manyetik karıştırma altında tutun.</li>
	<li>Reaksiyon süresi sonra şişeye 24 ° c buz (yapmak değil açmak için buz Asetik asit gazları) ile serin ve aşırı Asetik asit kaldırmak için bir yüksek vakum damıtma birimine 90-120 min için takın. Dikkat: sıcak malzeme kullanmayın. Züccaciye Mağazaları yönetilebilir bir sıcaklığa ulaşıncaya kadar bekleyin. Bu aynı zamanda buharı damıtma ünitesi üst girerek önlemek olacaktır.</li>
	<li>Distile su (10 mL) iki kez herhangi bir iz Asetik asit ve karışım konsantre kaldırılması çok emin olmak için mümkün olduğunca ekleyin.</li>
</ol>2. Bazlığı ayarlama ve ayıklama
<ol><li>BI-distillated suya izole viskoz ve şeffaf ürün dağıtılması ve bir potansiyometre pH 10 saf katı Na2CO3ayarlamak için kullanın.</li>
	<li>Dikkatle çözüm 250 mL ayrılık huni içinde yer ve verimi artırmak için CHCl3 ile 5 kez 250 mL ayıklayın. Organik katmanı yeniden elde etmek ve çok katı Na2üzerinde kuru ürün içeren4 30 dk en fazla, için. Gerekirse, CHCl3istenilen miktarda sulu faz yeniden ayıklayın. Dikkat: CHCl3 uyuşukluğa ve baş dönmesine neden olabilir; özenle ve duman çuval içinde ele.</li>
	<li>Solvent düşük basınç altında yüksek vakum damıtma ünitesi ile bir çok higroskopik açık bej kristal toz (% 70) oluşumuna kadar kaldırın.</li>
</ol>3. kristalizasyon işlemi
<ol><li>4.3 g 50 ml soğuk yüksek gerçekleştirilen sıvı Kromatografi (HPLC) sınıf Dietil eter kristal toz geçiyoruz. Vakum filtre sağlam başlangıç materyali bile toz ait herhangi bir iz kaldırmak için çözüm. Filtrate bir cam Petri kabına içine dökün, gideriş o yavaş buharlaşır laboratuar buzdolabı 4 ° C'de.</li>
	<li>İki gün sonra berrak renksiz kristaller elde edilen emin olun. 310-311 K. aralığında olmalıdır erime noktası ölçmek</li>
</ol>4. analiz 3,5-Lutidine N -oksit Dehydrate
<ol><li>Prizmatik şeklinin ve renksiz, decantation şişeye'nın duvarları daha fazla x-ışını analiz üzerinden tarafından oluşmuş kristaller kaldırın. Hemen kullandıysanız, kristaller Dietil eter içinde kristal hidrasyon önlemek için tutmak.</li>
	<li>G 3,5-lutidine N -oksit kurutmak 0.4 mL NMR H1 ve yordam etkinliğini kanıtlamak için C13 analiz gerçekleştirmek için CDCl3 0.010 geçiyoruz.</li>
</ol>

<ol>
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Tüm yazarlar hiçbir çıkar çatışması beyan ederim.

Burada sunulan protokolü bir oksijen atomu 3,5-lutidine azot atomu yüzeylerde functionalization yöntemi olarak bağlamak için geleneksel bir yöntemdir. Bu teknik aynı zamanda x-ışını uygun kurutulmuş kristaller (şekil 5, Sony DSC-HX300 Cyber-atış fotoğraf makinesi ile çekilen resimler) verim de bilinmektedir. Ciddiye alıyoruz kadarıyla pek raporlar böyle kristalleri16üretim anlatmıştık. Onlar çeşitli metaller17,<sup class...

Günümüzde, dünya çapında bilim kaynakları geliştirme için düşük reaktivite ön ek reaksiyonları1,2içinbilinen aromatik grupların functionalization için yeni sentetik yollarının içine yatırım, 3. Nerede bir azot atomu bir Karbon atomu yerine koyar, pyridine, yüzük sadece karbon atomları3/ oluşan analog için benzer bir kimyasal reaktivite sunar ve genellikle bir ikame mekanizması ek yerine geçer. N-oksit varlığı arasında azot ve oksijen azot Tarih nonbonding elektron çifti oksijen atom3boş bir yörünge ile çakışma tarafından kurulan bir donör bağ ile kendine özgü. Özellikle, pyridine N-oksit vardır Lewis üsleri, çünkü onların N-O yan bir elektron verici hareket edebilir ve karşılık gelen Lewis asit-baz çifti oluşturan Lewis asidi ile birleştirebiliriz. Nucleophilicity potansiyel electrophiles doğru Lewis asitlerinin artırmak ve böylece onlara koşullar altında bir tepki nerede normal tepki değil oluşacak izin verebilirsiniz çünkü bu özellik gerekli bir kimyasal sonucu vardır. Muhtemelen böyle bileşikler en sık kullanımı nerede onlar oksidanlar4hareket çeşitli oksidasyon reaksiyonları mevcuttur. Pyridine N-oksit ve birçok yüzük functionalized türevleri biyolojik olarak aktif ve farmakolojik ajanlar5tekrarlayan molekülleri ve net kayma dağıtım farklı soğurma araçları tarafından kurulmuş olup Bazıları için6,7. Araştırmada farklı gruplar pyridine ringe iliştirmek, forma 6 - Ksilen kaynar suda isoxazolines Bankası DBU gibi katalitik bir miktar gerektirir beri bir kolay ve geleneksel yöntem üretmek için çeşitli yöntemler bilim adamları test ettik yerine-2-aminopyridine N-oksit8,9. Pyridine türevleri çeşitli onların karşılık gelen Ndönüştürülür-huzurunda katalitik bir miktar manganez oksit tetrakis(2,6-diclorophenyl) CH2Cl2/CH3 porfirin ve amonyum asetat CN8,10. Diğer pyridines CH2Cl2 H2O2 katalitik miktarları methyltrioxorhenium8,11ya da aşırı dimethyldioxirane eklenmesiyle huzurunda kullanarak onların oksitler için okside 0 ° C'de bu da neden için karşılık gelen N-oksit8,12,13,14. Bis (trimethylsilyl) peroksit varlığında trioxorhenium CH2Cl2 pyridine Nsentezi için kullanılmıştır-oksit8,11. Aminopyridine Nsentezi-oksit içeren asilasyonu Caro'nun asit (peroxomonosulfuric asit) kullanarak Ayrıca olmuştur8bildirdi. Yine de, burada bildirilen Metodolojisi ve hangi parçası Ochiai1tarafından bildirilen metodoloji kullanır daha ucuz ve erişilebilir reaktifler, H2O2 ve buzul Asetik asit kullanımı ile çok iyi sonuçlar sağlar. Üçüncül aminler hareket büyük ölçekli hazırlıklar kullanım için daha uygun bir uygulamadır, sadece % 30 hidrojen peroksit gerektirir bir tepki olarak iyi verimleri ve buzul Asetik asit 70-80 ° C arasında bir sıcaklık üretir ve arıtma işlemi kullanır Bu damıtma, katalizör ya da daha pahalı reaktifler1kullanımı olmadan gibi çoğu sentez laboratuarında mevcuttur. Belgeleri diğer yöntemlerden de sık sık zaman dilimlerini 10 / 24 h ve 100 ° C 4,8üzerindeki sıcaklıklara içerir ve X-ray analizleri için doğru biçimli kristaller verim nadiren bildirilen raporları.
Reaktif, çeşitli N -oksit türevlerinin yeterince lutidine yüzük ya Nükleofilik veya electrophilic şekilde etkinleştirmek için kullanılır. Nükleofilik veya electrophilic faktör ornatıklarla yer tarafından etkilenir. Elektron çekilmesi grupları varlık pyridine yüzükle Nükleofilik karakteristik1ana faktördür. Ücretsiz N-oksit bileşikleri Aromatik halka delocalized görevli nedeniyle x-ışını analiz için uygun kristalleri nadiren izole. Ancak, solvasyon faktör oksijen15negatif yoğunluğu stabilize etmek önemlidir.

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:725px;" width="725">
	<colgroup>
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
		<col />
	</colgroup>
	<tbody>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;width:212px;">3,5-lutidine</td>
			<td style="width:228px;">Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td style="width:119px;">L4206-500ML</td>
			<td style="width:167px;"></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Glacial acetic acid</td>
			<td>Fermont</td>
			<td>3015</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Hidrogen peroxide (35%)</td>
			<td>Sigma-Aldrich</td>
			<td>349887-500ML</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;">Na2CO3 anhydrous</td>
			<td>Productos Qu&#237;micos Monterrey</td>
			<td>1792</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;">Na2SO4 anhydrous</td>
			<td>Alfa reactivos</td>
			<td>25051-C</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="25">
			<td height="25" style="height:25px;">CHCl3</td>
			<td>Fermont</td>
			<td>6205</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Ethyl eter</td>
			<td>Mercury Chemist</td>
			<td>QME0309</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="21">
			<td height="21" style="height:21px;">Distilled water</td>
			<td>Comercializadora Qu&#237;mica Poblana</td>
			<td>not-existent</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

syntheses, crystallization, and spectroscopic characterization of 3,5-lutidine n-oxide dehydrate

3,5-lutidine N -oksit sentezi kurutmak, 1, 2-amino-pyridine-3,5-Dikarboksilik asit sentez yolu sağlandı. Ochiai ilk sigara yerine pyridines için 12 h sürecinde 1957 yılında metodolojisi kullanılmış, ama hiçbir x-ışını uygun kristalleri elde edilmiştir. Burada sunulan metodoloji kullanılan yerine halka açıkça su molekülleri ek 1' deki farklı Nükleofilik gücü confers asimetrik bir bölüm etkilemiştir. X-ışını uygun kristal bileşik 1 nereye hidrojen atomları halka içine pozitif şarj bağışlamak varlığı iki su molekülleri ile oksijen negatif yük sabitleme nedeniyle mümkün; Böyle su molekülleri de supramolecular bir etkileşim oluşturmak için hizmet vermektedir. Su molekülleri pH 10 ayarlayarak ulaşıldığında alkalin sistemi mümkündür. Önemlisi, Çift Kişilik metil halka ve tepki süresi 5 h, yerine daha çok yönlü bir yöntem yapar ve gelecekteki yüzük eklemeleri için daha geniş Kimyasal uygulamalar ile.

Protokol Ochiai'nın tekniği1, aslında bir uzantısıdır. Ancak, daha düşük sıcaklık ve daha az zaman uygulanır. Bu basit yöntem yerine konan pyridine Nolan bir çok yönlü ligand elde etmek için kullanılan-oksit modeli. 1oluşumu onaylamak için NMR 1H ve 13C analiz yordam etkinliğini test etmek için tercih edilmektedir.
Kimyasal shift <stron...

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Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate

Burada, biz sentez ve 3,5-lutidine N -oksit kristalleşme kurutmak pyridine Nklasik sentezi farklı basit bir protokol tarafından Raporu-oksit. Bu iletişim kuralı farklı başlangıç materyali kullanır ve daha az tepki zaman altında yavaş buharlaşma billurlaşır yeni bir solvated supramolecular yapısı, vermeye içerir.

İmmobilizasyonu, kristalizasyon ve spektroskopik karakterizasyonu: 3,5-Lutidine N-oksit kurutmak

The synthesis of 3,5-lutidine N-oxide dehydrate, 1, was achieved in the synthesis route of 2-amino-pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. Ochiai first used the ...

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Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate

8.3K Görüntüleme.  Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla. Burada, biz sentez ve 3,5-lutidine N -oksit kristalleşme kurutmak pyridine Nklasik sentezi farklı basit bir protokol tarafından Raporu-oksit. Bu iletişim kuralı farklı başlangıç materyali kullanır ve daha az tepki zaman altında yavaş buharlaşma billurlaşır yeni bir solvated supramolecular yapısı, vermeye içerir.

Video: Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate

Split-and-pool Synthesis and Characterization of Peptide Tertiary Amide Library

Peptidomimetics are great sources of protein ligands. The oligomeric nature of these compounds enables us to access large synthetic libraries on solid phase by using combinatorial chemistry. One of the most well studied classes of peptidomimetics is peptoids. Peptoids are easy to synthesize and have been shown to be proteolysis-resistant and cell-permeable. Over the past decade, many useful protein ligands have been identified through screening of peptoid libraries. However, most of the ligands identified from peptoid libraries do not display high affinity, with rare exceptions. This may be due, in part, to the lack of chiral centers and conformational constraints in peptoid molecules. Recently, we described a new synthetic route to access peptide tertiary amides (PTAs). PTAs are a superfamily of peptidomimetics that include but are not limited to peptides, peptoids and N-methylated peptides. With side chains on both &#945;-carbon and main chain nitrogen atoms, the conformation of these molecules are greatly constrained by sterical hindrance and allylic 1,3 strain. (Figure 1) Our study suggests that these PTA molecules are highly structured in solution and can be used to identify protein ligands. We believe that these molecules can be a future source of high-affinity protein ligands. Here we describe the synthetic method combining the power of both split-and-pool and sub-monomer strategies to synthesize a sample one-bead one-compound (OBOC) library of PTAs.

Peptide tertiary amides (PTAs) are a superfamily of peptidomimetics that include but are not limited to peptides, peptoids and N-methylated peptides. Here we describe a synthetic method which combines&#160;both split-and-pool and sub-monomer strategies to synthesize a one-bead one-compound library of PTAs.

Split-ve-havuz Sentezi ve Peptit Tersiyer Amid Kütüphanesi Karakterizasyonu

Peptidomimetics are great sources of protein ligands. The oligomeric nature of these compounds enables us to access large synthetic libraries on solid ...

Kimya

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Metal-organic frameworks have attracted extraordinary amounts of research attention, as they are attractive candidates for numerous industrial and technological applications. Their signature property is their ultrahigh porosity, which however imparts a series of challenges when it comes to both constructing them and working with them. Securing desired MOF chemical and physical functionality by linker/node assembly into a highly porous framework of choice can pose difficulties, as less porous and more thermodynamically stable congeners (e.g., other crystalline polymorphs, catenated analogues) are often preferentially obtained by conventional synthesis methods. Once the desired product is obtained, its characterization often requires specialized techniques that address complications potentially arising from, for example, guest-molecule loss or preferential orientation of microcrystallites. Finally, accessing the large voids inside the MOFs for use in applications that involve gases can be problematic, as frameworks may be subject to collapse during removal of solvent molecules (remnants of solvothermal synthesis). In this paper, we describe synthesis and characterization methods routinely utilized in our lab either to solve or circumvent these issues. The methods include solvent-assisted linker exchange, powder X-ray diffraction in capillaries, and materials activation (cavity evacuation) by supercritical CO2 drying. Finally, we provide a protocol for determining a suitable pressure region for applying the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis to nitrogen isotherms, so as to estimate surface area of MOFs with good accuracy.

Synthesis, activation, and characterization of intentionally designed metal-organic framework materials is challenging, especially when building blocks are incompatible or unwanted polymorphs are thermodynamically favored over desired forms. We describe how applications of solvent-assisted linker exchange, powder X-ray diffraction in capillaries and activation via supercritical CO2 drying, can address some of these challenges.

Fonksiyonlu Sentezi ve Karakterizasyonu Metal-organik Altyapıları

Metal-organic frameworks have attracted extraordinary amounts of research attention, as they are attractive candidates for numerous industrial and ...

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks

In additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, material is deposited drop by drop, to create micron to macroscale layers. A typical inkjet ink is a colloidal dispersion containing approximately ten components including solvent, the nano to micron scale particles which will comprise the printed layer, polymeric dispersants to stabilize the particles, and polymers to tune layer strength, surface tension and viscosity. To rationally and efficiently formulate such an ink, it is crucial to know how the components interact. Specifically, which polymers bond to the particle surfaces and how are they attached? Answering this question requires an experimental procedure that discriminates between polymer adsorbed on the particles and free polymer. Further, the method must provide details about how the functional groups of the polymer interact with the particle. In this protocol, we show how to employ centrifugation to separate particles with adsorbed polymer from the rest of the ink, prepare the separated samples for spectroscopic measurement, and use Diffuse Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) for accurate determination of dispersant/particle bonding mechanisms. A significant advantage of this methodology is that it provides high level mechanistic detail using only simple, commonly available laboratory equipment. This makes crucial data available to almost any formulation laboratory. The method is most useful for inks composed of metal, ceramic, and metal oxide particles in the range of 100 nm or greater. Because of the density and particle size of these inks, they are readily separable with centrifugation. Further, the spectroscopic signatures of such particles are easy to distinguish from absorbed polymer. The primary limitation of this technique is that the spectroscopy is performed ex-situ on the separated and dried particles as opposed to the particles in dispersion. However, results from attenuated total reflectance spectra of the wet separated particles provide evidence for the validity of the DRIFTS measurement.

Formulation of stable, functional inks is critical to expanding the applications of additive manufacturing. In turn, knowledge of the mechanisms of dispersant/particle bonding is required for effective ink formulation. Diffuse Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) is presented as a simple, inexpensive way to gain insight into these mechanisms.

Fonksiyonel Mürekkepleri Dağıtıcı / Parçacık Bağlar Mekanizmalarının Yansıtma Kızılötesi Spektroskopik Tanımlama Diffüz

In additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, material is deposited drop by drop, to create micron to macroscale layers.  A typical inkjet ink is a colloidal ...

A Filter-based Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Assay for Rapid Detection of Chemical Contaminants

We demonstrate a method to fabricate highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) substrates using a filter syringe system that can be applied to the detection of various chemical contaminants. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are synthesized via reduction of silver nitrate by sodium citrate. Then the NPs are aggregated by sodium chloride to form nanoclusters that could be trapped in the pores of the filter membrane. A syringe is connected to the filter holder, with a filter membrane inside. By loading the nanoclusters into the syringe and passing through the membrane, the liquid goes through the membrane but not the nanoclusters, forming a SERS-active membrane. When testing the analyte, the liquid sample is loaded into the syringe and flowed through the Ag NPs coated membrane. The analyte binds and concentrates on the Ag NPs coated membrane. Then the membrane is detached from the filter holder, air dried and measured by a Raman instrument. Here we present the study of the volume effect of Ag NPs and sample on the detection sensitivity as well as the detection of 10 ppb ferbam and 1 ppm ampicillin using the developed assay.

A procedure for fabrication and performing the filter-based surface enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) assay for the detection of chemical contaminants (i.e., pesticide ferbam and antibiotic ampicillin) is presented.

Kimyasal bulaşanların Hızlı Algılama için Raman Spektroskopisi Tahlili Geliştirilmiş A Filtre tabanlı Yüzey

We demonstrate a method to fabricate highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) substrates using a filter syringe system that can be ...

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

Control over colloidal assembly is of utmost importance for the development of functional colloidal materials with tailored structural and mechanical properties for applications in photonics, drug delivery and coating technology. Here we present a new family of colloidal building blocks, coined supramolecular colloids, whose self-assembly is controlled through surface-functionalization with a benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) derived supramolecular moiety. Such BTAs interact via directional, strong, yet reversible hydrogen-bonds with other identical BTAs. Herein, a protocol is presented that describes how to couple these BTAs to colloids and how to quantify the number of coupling sites, which determines the multivalency of the supramolecular colloids. Light scattering measurements show that the refractive index of the colloids is almost matched with that of the solvent, which strongly reduces the van der Waals forces between the colloids. Before photo-activation, the colloids remain well dispersed, as the BTAs are equipped with a photo-labile group that blocks the formation of hydrogen-bonds. Controlled deprotection with UV-light activates the short-range hydrogen-bonds between the BTAs, which triggers the colloidal self-assembly. The evolution from the dispersed state to the clustered state is monitored by confocal microscopy. These results are further quantified by image analysis with simple routines using ImageJ and Matlab. This merger of supramolecular chemistry and colloidal science offers a direct route towards light- and thermo-responsive colloidal assembly encoded in the surface-grafted monolayer.

A protocol for the synthesis and characterization of colloids coated with supramolecular moieties is described. These supramolecular colloids undergo self-assembly upon the activation of the hydrogen-bonds between the surface-anchored molecules by UV-light.

Supramoleküler Kolloidlerin Sentezi ve Karakterizasyonu

Control over colloidal assembly is of utmost importance for the development of functional colloidal materials with tailored structural and mechanical ...

Site Directed Spin Labeling and EPR Spectroscopic Studies of Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels

Ion channel gating is a stimulus-driven orchestration of protein motions that leads to transitions between closed, open, and desensitized states. Fundamental to these transitions is the intrinsic flexibility of the protein, which is critically modulated by membrane lipid-composition. To better understand the structural basis of channel function, it is necessary to study protein dynamics in a physiological membrane environment. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is an important tool to characterize conformational transitions between functional states. In comparison to NMR and X-ray crystallography, the information obtained from EPR is intrinsically of lower resolution. However, unlike in other techniques, in EPR there is no upper-limit to the molecular weight of the protein, the sample requirements are significantly lower, and more importantly the protein is not constrained by the crystal lattice forces. Therefore, EPR is uniquely suited for studying large protein complexes and proteins in reconstituted systems. In this article, we will discuss general protocols for site-directed spin labeling and membrane reconstitution using a prokaryotic proton-gated pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channel (pLGIC) from Gloeobacter violaceus (GLIC) as an example. A combination of steady-state Continuous Wave (CW) and Pulsed (Double Electron Electron Resonance-DEER) EPR approaches will be described that will enable a complete quantitative characterization of channel dynamics.

This article describes methods for site-directed spin labeling and reconstitution of pentameric ligand-gated channels for Electron Paramagnetic Resonance studies. This protocol can be adapted for any membrane protein. The reconstitution method described here can also be used for patch-clamp measurements of macroscopic and single-channel currents in a defined lipid system.

Site Yönetmen Spin Etiketleme ve pentameric ligand-kapılı iyon Kanallarının EPR Spektroskopik Çalışmaları

Ion channel gating is a stimulus-driven orchestration of protein motions that leads to transitions between closed, open, and desensitized states. ...

Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures

Physical thermal deposition in a high vacuum environment is a clean and controllable method for fabricating novel molecular nanostructures on graphene. We present methods for depositing and passively manipulating C60 molecules on rippled graphene that advance the pursuit of realizing applications involving 1D C60/graphene hybrid structures. The techniques applied in this exposition are geared towards high vacuum systems with preparation areas capable of supporting molecular deposition as well as thermal annealing of the samples. We focus on C60 deposition at low pressure using a homemade Knudsen cell connected to a scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) system. The number of molecules deposited is regulated by controlling the temperature of the Knudsen cell and the deposition time. One-dimensional (1D) C60 chain structures with widths of two to three molecules can be prepared via tuning of the experimental conditions. The surface mobility of the C60 molecules increases with annealing temperature allowing them to move within the periodic potential of the rippled graphene. Using this mechanism, it is possible to control the transition of 1D C60 chain structures to a hexagonal close packed quasi-1D stripe structure.

Preparation and Characterization of C60/Graphene Hybrid Nanostructures

Here we present a protocol for the fabrication of C60/graphene hybrid nanostructures by physical thermal evaporation. Particularly, the proper manipulation of deposition and annealing conditions allow the control over the creation of 1D and quasi 1D C60 structures on rippled graphene.

C60/Graphene hibrid nanoyapıların malzemelerin hazırlık ve

Physical thermal deposition in a high vacuum environment is a clean and controllable method for fabricating novel molecular nanostructures on graphene. We ...

Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework

We present a method for preparing thioester molecules as the masked form of the thiol linkers and their utilization for accessing a semiconducting and porous metal-dithiolene network in the highly ordered single crystalline state. Unlike the highly reactive free-standing thiols, which tend to decompose and complicate the crystallization of metal-thiolate open frameworks, the thioester reacts in situ to provide the thiol species, serving to mitigate the reaction between the mercaptan units and the metal centers, and to improve crystallization consequently. Specifically, the thioester was synthesized in a one-pot procedure: an aromatic bromide (hexabromotriphenylene) reacted with excess sodium thiomethoxide under vigorous conditions to first form the thioether intermediate product. The thioether was then demethylated by the excess thiomethoxide to provide the thiolate anion that was acylated to form the thioester product. The thioester was conveniently purified by standard column chromatography, and then used directly in the framework synthesis, wherein NaOH and ethylenediamine serve to revert in situ the thioester to the thiol linker for assembling the single-crystalline Pb(II)-dithiolene network. Compared with other methods for thiol synthesis (e.g., by cleaving alkyl thioether using sodium metal and liquid ammonia), the thioester synthesis here uses simple conditions and economical reagents. Moreover, the thioester product is stable and can be conveniently handled and stored. More importantly, in contrast to the generic difficulty in accessing crystalline metal-thiolate open frameworks, we demonstrate that using the thioester for in situ formation of the thiol linker greatly improves the crystallinity of the solid-state product. We intend to encourage broader research efforts on the technologically important metal-sulfur frameworks by disclosing the synthetic protocol for the thioester as well as the crystalline framework solid.

Here, we present a one-pot, transition-metal-free synthesis of thiols and thioesters from aromatic halides and sodium thiomethoxide, followed by the preparation of single crystals of a metal-dithiolene network using thiol species generated in situ from the more stable and tractable thioester.

Bir yarıiletken Gyroidal Metal-kükürt çerçeve kristalleşme için Thiol yapı taşı sentezi

We present a method for preparing thioester molecules as the masked form of the thiol linkers and their utilization for accessing a semiconducting and ...

Electrophoretic Crystallization of Ultrathin High-performance Metal-organic Framework Membranes

We report the synthesis of thin, highly intergrown, polycrystalline metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes on a wide range of unmodified porous and non-porous supports (polymer, ceramic, metal, carbon, and graphene). We developed a novel crystallization technique, which is termed the ENACT approach: the electrophoretic nuclei assembly for the crystallization of highly intergrown thin films (ENACT). This approach allows for a high density of heterogeneous nucleation of MOFs on a chosen substrate via the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) directly from the precursor sol. The growth of well-packed MOF nuclei leads to a highly intergrown polycrystalline MOF film. We show that this simple approach can be used for the synthesis of thin, intergrown zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF)-7 and ZIF-8 films. The resulting 500 nm-thick ZIF-8 membranes show a considerably high H2 permeance (8.3 x 10-6 mol m-2 s-1 Pa-1) and ideal gas selectivities (7.3 for H2/CO2, 15.5 for H2/N2, 16.2 for H2/CH4, and 2655 for H2/C3H8). An attractive performance for C3H6/C3H8 separation is also achieved (a C3H6 permeance of 9.9 x 10-8 mol m-2 s-1 Pa-1 and a C3H6/C3H8 ideal selectivity of 31.6 at 25 &#176;C). Overall, the ENACT process, owing to its simplicity, can be extended to synthesize intergrown thin films of a wide range of nanoporous crystalline materials.

A simple, reproducible, and versatile approach for the synthesis of intergrown, polycrystalline metal-organic framework membranes on a wide range of unmodified porous and non-porous supports is presented.

Elektroforetik kristalizasyon Ultrathin yüksek performanslı Metal organik Framework membranlar

We report the synthesis of thin, highly intergrown, polycrystalline metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes on a wide range of unmodified porous and ...

Synthesis and Characterization of Amphiphilic Gold Nanoparticles

Gold nanoparticles covered with a mixture of 1-octanethiol (OT) and 11-mercapto-1-undecane sulfonic acid (MUS) have been extensively studied because of their interactions with cell membranes, lipid bilayers, and viruses. The hydrophilic ligands make these particles colloidally stable in aqueous solutions and the combination with hydrophobic ligands creates an amphiphilic particle that can be loaded with hydrophobic drugs, fuse with the lipid membranes, and resist nonspecific protein adsorption. Many of these properties depend on nanoparticle size and the composition of the ligand shell. It is, therefore, crucial to have a reproducible synthetic method and reliable characterization techniques that allow the determination of nanoparticle properties and the ligand shell composition. Here, a one-phase chemical reduction, followed by a thorough purification to synthesize these nanoparticles with diameters below 5 nm, is presented. The ratio between the two ligands on the surface of the nanoparticle can be tuned through their stoichiometric ratio used during synthesis. We demonstrate how various routine techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrometry, are combined to comprehensively characterize the physicochemical parameters of the nanoparticles.

Amphiphilic gold nanoparticles can be used in many biological applications. A protocol to synthesize gold nanoparticles coated by a binary mixture of ligands and a detailed characterization of these particles is presented.

Amphiphilik altın nanopartiküller sentezi ve karakterizasyonu

Gold nanoparticles covered with a mixture of 1-octanethiol (OT) and 11-mercapto-1-undecane sulfonic acid (MUS) have been extensively studied because of ...