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All procedures involving sample collection have been performed in accordance with the institute&#8217;s IRB guidelines.
1. Sensory Ganglia Dissociation
<ol>
	<li>Pipette out 500 &#181;l Ganglia Dissociation Solution (GaDS) (Table 1), leaving ganglia in the tube. Wash ganglia once by adding 1 ml Phosphate buffer solution (PBS), wait for ganglia to settle to the bottom of the tube, and then pipette out PBS.</li>
	<li>Add 1 ml GaDS and 22 &#181;l of digestion enzyme (collagenase I/II and protease mix, 2.5 mg/ml in water) to each tube.</li>
	<li>Add 20 &#181;l Fast Blue (5.26 mM) to the positive control tube.</li>
	<li>Put the tubes in a water bath or heating block set at 37 &#176;C.</li>
	<li>Every 15 min, shake the tubes briefly and flick them to ensure the ganglia are covered by the solution. 
	Note: The time of ganglia digestion depends on the age of the digestion enzyme. Within one month of dissolving the digestion enzyme, digest for 30 min; within 2 - 6 months, digest for 45 min. If the enzyme is over six months old, digest the ganglia for 60 min.</li>
	<li>While ganglia are being digested, prepare density gradients using a particle solution (colloidal silica particles coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone).</li>
	<li>Mix 12% particle solution in GaDS, 500 &#181;l per sample.</li>
	<li>Mix 28% particle solution in GaDS, 500 &#181;l per sample.</li>
	<li>Slowly and carefully add 400 &#181;l 12% density solution on top of 400 &#181;l 28% density solution in a fresh 1.5 ml tube for each sample. Do not allow the two layers to mix. Two distinct layers should be visible in the tube, one darker than the other.</li>
	<li>After the appropriate digestion time, remove GaDS with digestion enzyme and wash ganglia twice with 1 ml PBS. Add 200 &#181;l of fresh GaDS to each tube.</li>
	<li>Use a 200 &#181;l pipette, set to 100 &#181;l volume, and pipette ganglia up and down several times to break cells apart. Repeat until no intact piece of tissue is seen. Avoid creating bubbles in the solution.</li>
	<li>Pass dissociated cells through a 70 &#181;m cell strainer.</li>
	<li>Add another 100 &#181;l GaDS to the original dissociation tube to pick up any remaining stray cells left and pass the additional solution through the cell strainer. Using a new pipette tip, collect any remaining cell-containing liquid that has passed through the strainer and clung to the mesh. The final volume of cells suspended in GaDS is 300 &#181;l.</li>
	<li>Carefully layer the 300 &#181;l of cells on top of the previously made density gradient. Avoid bubbles and mixing of cells with the density layers.</li>
	<li>Centrifuge for 10 min at 2,900 x g at RT.</li>
	<li>Once centrifugation is complete, carefully remove and discard the top 700 &#181;l layer. This layer contains the majority of cell debris that will otherwise interfere with cell sorting.</li>
	<li>Add 700 &#181;l fresh GaDS to the remaining cell containing solution and pipette up and down several times to mix.</li>
	<li>18. Centrifuge for 15 min at 2,900 x g to pellet cells.</li>
	<li>19. Once centrifugation is done, carefully remove and discard the supernatant, leaving the cell pellet.</li>
	<li>Resuspend the cell pellet in 200 - 300 &#181;l GaDS by pipetting up and down with a 1,000 &#181;l pipette set to 200 &#181;l several times. Put samples on ice.</li>
</ol>
Table 1. Reagent Mixture for Ganglia Dissociation Solution (GaDS).
<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Ingredient</td>
			<td>Amount</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Advanced DMEM/f12</td>
			<td>9.5 ml</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>glutamine</td>
			<td>100 &#181;l</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HEPES (10 mM)</td>
			<td>100 &#181;l</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>N2 supplement</td>
			<td>100 &#181;l</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>B27 (no vitamin A)</td>
			<td>200 &#181;l</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>NGF (50 &#181;g/ml)</td>
			<td>10 &#181;l</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Dulbecco&#39;s Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) Ca and Mg free</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>14190-144</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Advanced DMEM/F12</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>12634-010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>glutamine (Glutamax)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>35050-061</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>HEPES</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>15630-080</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>N2</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>17502-048</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>B27 (no vitamin A)</td>
			<td>Gibco</td>
			<td>12587-010</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>N6009</td>
			<td>stock 50 &#181;g/ml in PBS/10% FBS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>digestion enzyme, Liberase DH Research Grade</td>
			<td>Roche</td>
			<td>5401054001</td>
			<td>stock 2.5 mg/ml in water</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>particle solution (Percoll)</td>
			<td>Sigma</td>
			<td>P1644-25ML</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Heating block</td>
			<td>LabNet</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>70 um cell strainer</td>
			<td>Falcon</td>
			<td>352350</td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

isolation of cells from sensory ganglia

Source: Kaelberer, M. M., et al. <a href="https://app.jove.com/v/53917">A Method to Target and Isolate Airway-innervating Sensory Neurons in Mice.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2016).
This video demonstrates the isolation of cells from the sensory ganglia of mice. Ganglia are subjected to enzymatic digestion to dissolve the extracellular matrix. Single cells are then collected via filtering through a cell strainer followed by density gradient centrifugation for debris removal. Finally, washing and centrifugation are done to collect the isolated cells for future analysis.

Isolation of Cells from Sensory Ganglia

All procedures involving sample collection have been performed in accordance with the institute&#8217;s IRB guidelines.
1. Sensory Ganglia Dissociation

	...

Take prewashed sensory ganglia in a tube.
Add a dissociation solution containing a mixture of digestive enzymes and incubate.
These enzymes break down the extracellular matrix, releasing individual cells.
After incubation, remove the dissociation solution.
Wash the ganglia with a phosphate buffer, and add a fresh dissociation solution.
Pipette the ganglia up and down to dissociate the cells.
Pass the suspension through a cell strainer to remove any clumps.
Collect any remaining cells from the bottom of the strainer and put them into the tube.
Layer the cell suspension over a density gradient tube and centrifuge.
Based on the differences in shape and mass, cells migrate to the lower layer, while cellular debris remains in the upper layer.
Discard the upper layer.
Add fresh medium to the remaining cell suspension and centrifuge.
Discard the supernatant and store the sensory ganglia cells for further use.

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Neuronal Culture Techniques

Primary Neuronal Culture

45 Views. Source: Kaelberer, M. M., et al. A Method to Target and Isolate Airway-innervating Sensory Neurons in Mice. J. Vis. Exp. (2016). This video demonstrates the isolation of cells from the sensory ganglia of mice. Ganglia are subjected to enzymatic digestion to dissolve the extracellular matrix. Single cells are then collected via filtering through a cell strainer followed by density gradient centrifugation for debris removal. Finally, washing and centrifugation are done to collect the isolated cel...

Video: Isolation of Cells from Sensory Ganglia - Concept

Spinal Cord Neurons Isolation and Culture from Neonatal Mice

We present a protocol for the isolation and culture of spinal cord neurons. The neurons are obtained from neonatal C57BL/6 mice and are isolated on postnatal day 1-3. A mouse litter, usually 4-10 pups born from one breeding pair, is gathered for one experiment, and spinal cords are collected individually from each mouse after euthanasia with isoflurane. The spinal column is dissected out and then the spinal cord is released from the column. The spinal cords are then minced to increase the surface area of delivery for an enzymatic protease that allows for the neurons and other cells to be released from the tissue. Trituration is then used to release the cells into solution. This solution is subsequently fractionated in a density gradient to separate the various cells in solution, allowing for neurons to be isolated. Approximately 1-2.5 x 106 neurons can be isolated from one litter group. The neurons are then seeded onto wells coated with adhesive factors that allow for proper growth and maturation. The neurons take approximately 7 days to reach maturity in the growth and culture medium and can be used thereafter for treatment and analysis.

This study presents a technique for the isolation of neurons from WT neonatal mice. It requires the careful dissection of the spinal cord from the neonatal mouse, followed by the separation of neurons from the spinal cord tissue through mechanical and enzymatic cleavage.

We present a protocol for the isolation and culture of spinal cord neurons. The neurons are obtained from neonatal C57BL/6 mice and are isolated on ...

JoVE Journal

Optimization of Laser-Capture Microdissection for the Isolation of Enteric Ganglia from Fresh-Frozen Human Tissue

The purpose of this method is to obtain high-integrity RNA samples from enteric ganglia collected from unfixed, freshly-resected human intestinal tissue using laser capture microdissection (LCM). We have identified five steps in the workflow that are crucial for obtaining RNA isolates from enteric ganglia with sufficiently high quality and quantity for RNA-seq. First, when preparing intestinal tissue, each sample must have all excess liquid removed by blotting prior to flattening the serosa as much as possible across the bottom of large base molds. Samples are then quickly frozen atop a slurry of dry ice and 2-methylbutane. Second, when sectioning the tissue, it is important to position cryomolds so that intestinal sections parallel the full plane of the myenteric plexus, thereby yielding the greatest surface area of enteric ganglia per slide. Third, during LCM, polyethylene napthalate (PEN)-membrane slides offer the greatest speed and flexibility in outlining the non-uniform shapes of enteric ganglia when collecting enteric ganglia. Fourth, for distinct visualization of enteric ganglia within sections, ethanol-compatible dyes, like Cresyl Violet, offer excellent preservation of RNA integrity relative to aqueous dyes. Finally, for the extraction of RNA from captured ganglia, we observed differences between commercial RNA extraction kits that yielded superior RNA quantity and quality, while eliminating DNA contamination. Optimization of these factors in the current protocol greatly accelerates the workflow and yields enteric ganglia samples with exceptional RNA quality and quantity.

The goal of this protocol is to obtain high-integrity RNA samples from enteric ganglia isolated from unfixed, freshly-resected human intestinal tissue using laser capture microdissection (LCM). This protocol involves preparing flash-frozen samples of human intestinal tissue, cryosectioning, ethanolic staining and dehydration, LCM, and RNA extraction.

The purpose of this method is to obtain high-integrity RNA samples from enteric ganglia collected from unfixed, freshly-resected human intestinal tissue ...

Culturing Rat Sympathetic Neurons from Embryonic Superior Cervical Ganglia for Morphological and Proteomic Analysis

Sympathetic neurons from the embryonic rat superior cervical ganglia (SCG) have been used as an in vitro model system for peripheral neurons to study axonal growth, axonal trafficking, synaptogenesis, dendritic growth, dendritic plasticity and nerve-target interactions in co-culture systems. This protocol describes the isolation and dissociation of neurons from the superior cervical ganglia of E21 rat embryos, followed by the preparation and maintenance of pure neuronal cultures in serum-free medium. Since neurons do not adhere to uncoated plastic, neurons will be cultured on either 12 mm glass coverslips or 6-well plates coated with poly-D-lysine. Following treatment with an antimitotic agent (Ara-C, cytosine &#946;-D-arabinofuranoside), this protocol generates healthy neuronal cultures with less than 5% non-neuronal cells, which can be maintained for over a month in vitro. Although embryonic rat SCG neurons are multipolar with 5-8 dendrites in vivo; under serum-free conditions, these neurons extend only a single axon in culture and continue to be unipolar for the duration of the culture. However, these neurons can be induced to extend dendrites in the presence of basement membrane extract, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), or 10% fetal calf serum. These homogenous neuronal cultures can be used for immunocytochemical staining and for biochemical studies. This paper also describes optimized protocol for immunocytochemical staining for microtubule associated protein-2 (MAP-2) in these neurons and for the preparation of neuronal extracts for mass spectrometry.

This paper describes the isolation and culturing of embryonic rat sympathetic neurons from the superior cervical ganglia. It also provides detailed protocols for immunocytochemical staining and for preparing neuronal extracts for mass spectrometric analysis.

Sympathetic neurons from the embryonic rat superior cervical ganglia (SCG) have been used as an in vitro model system for peripheral neurons to study ...

Isolation of Cells from Sensory Ganglia

Transcript

Isolation of Cells from Sensory Ganglia

Spinal Cord Neurons Isolation and Culture from Neonatal Mice

Optimization of Laser-Capture Microdissection for the Isolation of Enteric Ganglia from Fresh-Frozen Human Tissue

Culturing Rat Sympathetic Neurons from Embryonic Superior Cervical Ganglia for Morphological and Proteomic Analysis