Name: a case series of successful abdominal closure utilizing a novel technique combining a mechanical closure system with a biologic xenograft that accelerates wound healing
Uploaded: 2019-07-04T13:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Case Series of Successful Abdominal Closure Utilizing a Novel Technique Combining a Mechanical Closure System with a Biologic Xenograft that Accelerates Wou

The authors have no acknowledgements.

1. Installation of Dynamic Tissue System
<ol>
	<li>Exclude if there is hemodynamic instability, a need for further abdominal washouts, or a concern for intraabdominal sepsis.
	<ol>
		<li>If an ostomy exists, trim the ostomy wafer to make as narrow as possible and outline on abdominal skin. Cover ostomy with 4x4 and secure in place with adhesive transparent film dressing.</li>
		<li>Apply antimicrobial betadine impregnated adhesive drape to the skin of the abdomen widely, covering the operating field.</li>
		<li>Wash th...

<ol>
	<li>Kirkpatrick, A. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Update+from+the+Abdominal+Compartment+Society+(WSACS)+on+intra-abdominal+hypertension+and+abdominal+compartment+syndrome:+past,+present,+and+future+beyond+Banff+2017.">Update from the Abdominal Compartment Society (WSACS) on intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome: past, present, and future beyond Banff 2017.</a> Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy. 49 (2), 83-87 (2017).</li><li>Yetisir, F., Sarer, A. E., Acar, H. Z., Aygar, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Delayed+Closure+of+61+Open+Abdomen+Patients+Based+on+an+Algorithm.">Delayed Closure of 61 Open Abdomen Patients Based on an Algorithm.</a> Indian Journal of Surgery. 79 (1), 38-44 (2017).</li><li>Ribeiro Junior, M. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Open+abdomen+in+gastrointestinal+surgery:+Which+technique+is+the+best+for+temporary+closure+during+damage+control?.">Open abdomen in gastrointestinal surgery: Which technique is the best for temporary closure during damage control?.</a> World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery. 8 (8), 590-597 (2016).</li><li>Karakose, O., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Bogota+Bag+Use+in+Planned+Re-Laparotomies.">Bogota Bag Use in Planned Re-Laparotomies.</a> Medical Science Monitor. 22, 2900-2904 (2016).</li><li>Lassalle, S., Chechin, C., de la Forge, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+new+cleansing+technique+for+complex+wounds.">A new cleansing technique for complex wounds.</a> Soins. 62 (814), 12-15 (2017).</li><li>Strang, S. G., Van Lieshout, E. M., Van Waes, O. J., Verhofstad, M. H. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prevalence+and+mortality+of+abdominal+compartment+syndrome+in+severely+injured+patients:+A+systematic+review.">Prevalence and mortality of abdominal compartment syndrome in severely injured patients: A systematic review.</a> The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 81 (3), 585-592 (2016).</li><li>Bressan, A. K., Ball, C. G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intra-abdominal+hypertension+and+abdominal+compartment+syndrome+in+acute+pancreatitis,+hepato-pancreato-biliary+operations+and+liver+transplantation.">Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome in acute pancreatitis, hepato-pancreato-biliary operations and liver transplantation.</a> Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy. 49 (2), 159-166 (2017).</li><li>Muresan, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=How+much+does+decompressive+laparotomy+reduce+the+mortality+rate+in+primary+abdominal+compartment+syndrome?:+A+single-center+prospective+study+on+66+patients.">How much does decompressive laparotomy reduce the mortality rate in primary abdominal compartment syndrome?: A single-center prospective study on 66 patients.</a> Medicine (Baltimore). 96 (5), e6006 (2017).</li><li>Coccolini, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=IROA:+International+Register+of+Open+Abdomen,+preliminary+results.">IROA: International Register of Open Abdomen, preliminary results.</a> World Journal of Emergency Surgery. 12, 8 (2017).</li><li>Lecheminant, J., Field, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Porcine+urinary+bladder+matrix:+a+retrospective+study+and+establishment+of+protocol.">Porcine urinary bladder matrix: a retrospective study and establishment of protocol.</a> Journal of Wound Care. 21 (10), 482 (2012).</li><li>Coccolini, F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=IROA:+International+Register+of+Open+Abdomen,+preliminary+results.">IROA: International Register of Open Abdomen, preliminary results.</a> World Journal of Emergency Surgery. 12, 8 (2017).</li><li>Muturi, A., Ndaguatha, P., Ojuka, D., Kibet, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prevalence+and+predictors+of+intra-abdominal+hypertension+and+compartment+syndrome+in+surgical+patients+in+critical+care+units+at+Kenyatta+National+Hospital.">Prevalence and predictors of intra-abdominal hypertension and compartment syndrome in surgical patients in critical care units at Kenyatta National Hospital.</a> BMC Emergency Medicine. 17 (1), (2017).</li><li>Okullo, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+Abdominal+Reapproximation+Anchor+Device.">The Abdominal Reapproximation Anchor Device.</a> Surgical Innovation. 24 (1), 49-54 (2017).</li><li>Yetisir, F., Sarer, A. E., Acar, H. Z., Aygar, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Delayed+Closure+of+61+Open+Abdomen+Patients+Based+on+an+Algorithm.">Delayed Closure of 61 Open Abdomen Patients Based on an Algorithm.</a> Indian Journal of Surgery. 79 (1), 38-44 (2017).</li><li>Chaudhry, H., Bukiet, B., Zhiming, J., Stecco, A., Findley, T. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Deformations+experienced+in+the+human+skin,+adipose+tissue,+and+fascia+in+osteopathic+manipulative+medicine.">Deformations experienced in the human skin, adipose tissue, and fascia in osteopathic manipulative medicine.</a> The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association. 114 (1), 780-787 (2017).</li></ol>

The most critical step of the protocol for closing a complex abdominal wound is performing osteopathic maneuvers before elastomer placement, after elastomer placement, and before and after elastomer adjustments. In addition, we perform osteopathic maneuvers on these patients after surgery three times a day, for at least five days. Our approach describes the use of osteopathic maneuver prior and after elastomer adjustments. The anecdotal observation has been that these maneuvers aid in fascial approximation, by facilitati...

The increasing prevalence of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) has led to an emergence of various temporary abdominal closure (TAC) techniques1. TAC is performed to prevent evisceration, assist in the removal of unwanted intraperitoneal fluid, minimize intra-abdominal complications, and expedite the closure of the abdominal cavity2. Closure of an open abdomen facilitates restoration of normal physiology in the patient3. Prolonged duration of an open abdomen results in complications&#160;such as fistula formation and an inability to close the abdomen4. There are several methods to achieve final closure of an open abdomen.
The simplest way to temporarily close an abdomen is by using towel clips to close the skin5. One of the most commonly used and studied abdominal closure techniques is negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT)5. For the NPWT, a nonadherent barrier to protect the intraabdominal contents is applied followed by a moisture-absorbing sponge-like material,&#160;an outermost adhesive layer to sure the dressing in place, and a negative pressure mechanism6. A Bogota bag can also be used for temporary closure of an open abdomen. A Bogota bag is an empty intravenous fluid bag cut in half and sutured to&#160;skin edges7. NPWT and the Bogota bag closure are two temporizing measures that facilitate delayed primary closure of the abdominal cavity7.
Once the abdomen is deemed ready for closure, different closure methods can be utilized. The simplest way is to apply a split-thickness graft over the omentum once it has formed healthy granulation tissue. If the wound is not contaminated, a nonabsorbable synthetic sheet may be used to bridge the fascial edges8. If the fascial gap is less than 14-20 cm in maximal diameter, component separation of the rectus sheath can be performed9.
Some abdominal closure techniques allow for gradual reapproximation of the fascial edges and eventual primary closure10. A Wittmann patch consists of two opposing Velcro sheets that are sutured to each fascial edge11. The opposing sheets are then fastened together in the midline. This mechanism allows easy re-entry into the abdomen and adjustment for abdominal compartment pressures. Additionally, this can&#160;provide midline traction on the fascial edges that can prevent retraction of the fascial edges and also facilitate primary closure of the fascia.
Alternatively, a DTS is available and is part of the technique described in this paper. The described DTS is composed to a silicone viscera protector that is applied over abdominal contents to prevent adhesions and adherence of viscera to the abdominal wall. Adjustable elastomers then penetrate the full abdominal wall thickness on each side and provide medializing dynamic tension, allowing relaxation of the flat muscles (obliques and transversus abdominus). This allows medialization of the rectus myofascial units (Figure 1). A product composed of porcine urinary bladder extracellular matrix can be placed in the subcutaneous space once primary myofascial closure is achieved (Figure 2). Porcine xenograft placement in the subcutaneous space augments and expedites wound healing through angiogenesis, innervation, modulation of the inflammatory response, and resistance to infection12.
In this study, we describe a novel technique of primary abdominal closure following abdominal compartment syndrome utilizing a dynamic closure system and a biologic xenograft. At our level 1&#160;trauma and acute care center, abdominal compartment syndrome is a common diagnosis. Prior to utilization of this novel method, most catastrophic open abdomens were not amenable to primary closure and a skin graft was placed over the viscera or bridging&#160;mesh. Since the adoption of this method in May of 2016, we have closed 100% of open abdomens due to abdominal compartment syndrome in a high-risk&#160;population (average BMI 40.45, SD 9.83) (Table 1).

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:628px;" width="628">
	<tbody>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:43px;width:238px;">ABRA Abdominal Wall Closure Set</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">Southmedic</td>
			<td style="width:182px;">CWK08 Abdominal</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:43px;width:238px;">3M Ioban 2 Antimicrobial Incise Drape</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">3M</td>
			<td style="width:182px;">6651EZ</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:43px;width:238px;">MicroMatrix Micronized Particles 200 mg</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">ACell</td>
			<td style="width:182px;">MM0200</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:43px;width:238px;">Cytal Wound Matrix 2-Layer 10 x 15 cm</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">ACell</td>
			<td style="width:182px;">WSM1015</td>
		</tr>
		<tr height="42">
			<td height="42" style="height:43px;width:238px;">Negative Pressure Therapy System</td>
			<td style="width:209px;">KCI</td>
			<td style="width:182px;">09-03-193.ABT.IE</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

a case series of successful abdominal closure utilizing a novel technique combining a mechanical closure system with a biologic xenograft that accelerates wound healing

In the acute setting, once intra-abdominal injuries have been addressed, the next great hurdle is restoring a functional and intact abdominal compartment. The short and long-term consequences of living with a chronically open abdominal compartment include pulmonary, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, and emotional disability. The closure of catastrophic open abdomens presents a challenge to the surgeon. We present a technique utilizing a mechanical abdominal closure device in conjunction with biologic xenograft in closing complex open abdomens. This technique offers another option for definitive fascial closure and accelerated wound healing in this difficult patient population. The dynamic tissue system (DTS) is installed after control of original intraabdominal pathology. A porcine urinary bladder matrix (PUBM) is then placed in the subcutaneous space once fascial closure is achieved. Overall, primary myofascial closure was achieved in 100% of patients at a mean of 9.36 days.

We have analyzed a total of 11 patients so far with catastrophic open abdomens. Primary myofascial closure was achieved at a mean of 9.36 days. We had 0% surgical site infections (SSI) and achieved 100% primary myofascial closure. No enteroatmospheric fistula resulted in this technique, unless present prior to this DTS and xenograft approach. Since May 2016, zero open abdomens were left open or covered with a skin graft (Figure 9).
<p class="jove_content"...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Case Series of Successful Abdominal Closure Utilizing a Novel Technique Combining a Mechanical Closure System with a Biologic Xenograft that Accelerates Wou

A Case Series of Successful Abdominal Closure Utilizing a Novel Technique Combining a Mechanical Closure System with a Biologic Xenograft that Accelerates Wound Healing

Closure of catastrophic open abdominal wounds presents a challenge to the surgeon. We present a surgical technique utilizing a combination of mechanical and biologic xenograft closure systems in closing complex open abdominal wounds. This technique offers another option to the surgeon for definitive fascial closure and accelerated wound healing.

In the acute setting, once intra-abdominal injuries have been addressed, the next great hurdle is restoring a functional and intact abdominal compartment. ...

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

A Novel Capsulorhexis Technique Using Shearing Forces with Cystotome

Purpose:
To demonstrate a capsulorhexis technique using predominantly shearing forces with a cystotome on a virtual reality simulator and on a human eye....

Corneal Confocal Microscopy: A Novel Non-invasive Technique to Quantify Small Fibre Pathology in Peripheral Neuropathies

The accurate quantification of peripheral neuropathy is important to define at risk patients, anticipate deterioration, and assess new therapies. ...

In vivo Dual Substrate Bioluminescent Imaging

In vivo Dual Substrate Bioluminescent Imaging

Our understanding of how and when breast cancer cells transit from established primary tumors to metastatic sites has increased at an exceptional rate ...

Utilizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Human Neuromuscular System

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been in use for more than 20 years 1, and has grown exponentially in popularity over the past decade.  While ...

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, affecting millions of individuals worldwide 1-3. The rapid, irregular, and ...

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity

Endometriosis is a  common disease affecting 40 to 70% of reproductive-aged women with chronic  pelvic pain (CPP) and/or infertility. The purpose of this ...

Utilizing Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Improve Language Function in Stroke Patients with Chronic Non-fluent Aphasia

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been shown to significantly improve language function in patients with non-fluent aphasia1. In this ...

Murine Model of Wound Healing

Wound healing and repair are the most complex biological processes that occur in human life. After injury, multiple biological pathways become activated. ...

A Technique for Subcutaneous Abdominal Adipose Tissue Biopsy via a Non-diathermy Method

Adipose tissue biopsies offer tissue samples that, upon analysis, may provide insightful overviews of mechanisms relating to metabolism and disease. To ...

Mechanical Ventilation Boot Camp Curriculum

Medical management of mechanically ventilated patients is challenging to novice providers. Incorrect management of this population may lead to increased ...