Name: pneumatically driven microfluidic platform for micro-particle concentration
Uploaded: 2022-02-01T14:15:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Pneumatically Driven Microfluidic Platform for Micro-Particle Concentration at JoVE.com

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(Ministry of Science and ICT). (No. NRF-2021R1A2C1011380).

1. Designing the microfluidic platform for particle concentration
<ol>
	<li>Design the pneumatic microfluidic platform consisting of one pneumatic valve for fluid flow in the 3D flow network and three pneumatic valves for sieve (Vs), fluid (Vf), and particle (Vp) valve operation (Figure 1). 
	NOTE: Vs blocks concentrate particles from the liquid, and Vf and Vp allow fluid and particle release after concentration. Three pneumatic ports provide compressed air from the f...

<ol>
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This platform provides a simple way to purify and concentrate particles of various sizes. Particles are accumulated and released through pneumatic valve control, and no clogging is observed because there is no passive structure. Using this device, the concentration of particles of three sizes is presented. However, the operating pressure, the time required for concentration, and the rate may vary depending on the device dimensions, particle size magnification, and the pressure at Vs18,<...

Due to the importance of biological analysis, microfluidic and biomedical microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS) technologies1,2 are used to develop and study devices for the purification and collection of micromaterials2,3,4.&#160;Particle capture is categorized as active or passive. Active traps have been used for external dielectric5, magnetophoretic6, auditory7, visual8, or thermal9 forces acting on independent particles, enabling precise control of their movements. However, an interaction between the particle and external force is required; thus, the throughput is low. In microfluidic systems, controlling the flow rate is very important because the external forces are transmitted to the target particles.
In general, passive microfluidic devices have micropillars in microchannels10,11. Particles are filtered through interaction with a flowing fluid, and these devices are easy to design and inexpensive to manufacture. However, they cause particle clogging in micro-pillars, so more complex devices have been developed to prevent particle clogging12. Microfluidic devices with complex structures are generally suitable for managing a limited number of particles13,14,15,16,17,18.
This article describes a method to fabricate and operate a pneumatically driven microfluidic platform for large particle concentrations that overcomes the shortcomings18 as mentioned above. This platform can block and concentrate particles by deformation and actuation of the thin diaphragm layer of the sieve valve (Vs) plate that accumulates in curved microfluidic channels. Particles accumulate in curved microfluidic channels, and the concentrated particles can separate by discharging the working fluid via the actuation of two PDMS seals on/off valves18. This method makes it possible to process a limited number of particles or concentrate a large number of small particles. Operating conditions such as the magnitude of flow rate and compressed air pressure can prevent unwanted cell damage and increase cell trapping efficiency.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>1.5 mm puncture</td>
			<td>Self procduction</td>
			<td>Self procduction</td>
			<td>This puncture was made by requesting a mold maker based on the Miltex&#174; Biopsy Punch with Plunger (15110-15) product.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>4 inch Silicon Wafer/SU-8 mold</td>
			<td>4science</td>
			<td>29-03573-01</td>
			<td>4 inch (100) Ptype silicon wafer/SU-8 mold</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Carboxyl Polystyrene Crosslinked Particle(24.9 &#956;m)</td>
			<td>Spherotech</td>
			<td>CPX-200-10</td>
			<td>Concentrated bead sample1</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Flow meter</td>
			<td>Sensirion</td>
			<td>SLI-1000</td>
			<td>Flow measurement</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High-speed camera</td>
			<td>Photron</td>
			<td>FASTCAM Mini</td>
			<td>Observation of concentration</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Hot plate</td>
			<td>As one</td>
			<td>HI-1000</td>
			<td>heating plate for curing of liquid PDMS</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>KOVAX-SYRINGE 10 mL/Syringe</td>
			<td>Koreavaccine</td>
			<td>22G-10ML</td>
			<td>Fill the microfluidic channel with bubble-free demineralized water.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Laboratory Conona treater/Atmospheric plasma</td>
			<td>Electro-Technic</td>
			<td>BD-20AC</td>
			<td>Chip bonding/atmospheric plasma</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Liquid polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS</td>
			<td>Dow Corning Inc.</td>
			<td>Sylgard 184</td>
			<td>Components of chip</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Microscope</td>
			<td>Olympus</td>
			<td>IX-81</td>
			<td>Observation of concentration</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>PEEK Tubes</td>
			<td>SAINT-GOBAIN PPL CORP.</td>
			<td>AAD04103</td>
			<td>Inject or collect particles</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polystyrene Particle(4.16 &#956;m)</td>
			<td>Spherotech</td>
			<td>PP-40-10</td>
			<td>Concentrated bead sample3</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polystyrene Particle(8.49 &#956;m)</td>
			<td>Spherotech</td>
			<td>PP-100-10</td>
			<td>Concentrated bead sample2</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Pressure controller/&#956;flucon</td>
			<td>AMED</td>
			<td>&#956;flucon</td>
			<td>Control of air pressure</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Spin coater</td>
			<td>iNexus</td>
			<td>ACE-200</td>
			<td>spread the liquid PDMS on SU-8 mold</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

pneumatically driven microfluidic platform for micro-particle concentration

The present article introduces a method for fabricating and operating a pneumatic valve to control particle concentration using a microfluidic platform. This platform has a three-dimensional (3D) network with curved fluid channels and three pneumatic valves, which create networks, channels, and spaces through duplex replication with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The device operates based on the transient response of a fluid flow rate controlled by a pneumatic valve in the following order: (1) sample loading, (2) sample blocking, (3) sample concentration, and (4) sample release. The particles are blocked by thin diaphragm layer deformation of the sieve valve (Vs) plate and accumulate in the curved microfluidic channel. The working fluid is discharged by the actuation of two on/off valves. As a result of the operation, all particles of various magnifications were successfully intercepted and disengaged. When this technology is applied, the operating pressure, the time required for concentration, and the concentration rate may vary depending on the device dimensions and particle size magnification.

Figure 8 shows the flow rate of the fluid rates for a four-stage platform operation, as mentioned in Table 2. The first stage is the loading state (a state). The platform was supplied with fluid with all valves open, and the working fluid (Qf) and particles (Qp) are almost identical as the microfluidic channel network exhibits structural symmetry. In the second stage (b state), compressed air was transported to Vs to block the particles, and as the Vs diaphragm deformed, the...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Pneumatically Driven Microfluidic Platform for Micro-Particle Concentration at JoVE.com

Pneumatically Driven Microfluidic Platform for Micro-Particle Concentration

The present protocol describes a pneumatic microfluidic platform that can be used for efficient microparticle concentration.

The present article introduces a method for fabricating and operating a pneumatic valve to control particle concentration using a microfluidic platform. ...

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