Name: resource recycling of red soil to synthesize fe2o3/fau-type zeolite composite material for heavy metal removal
Uploaded: 2022-06-02T15:00:00
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Resource Recycling of Red Soil to Synthesize Fe2O3/FAU-type Zeolite Composite Material for Heavy Metal Removal at JoVE.com

This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar of Guangdong Province, China, No. 2020B151502094; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 21777045 and 22106064; Foundation of Shenzhen Science, Technology and Innovation Commission, China, JCYJ20200109141625078; 2019 youth innovation project of Guangdong universities and colleges, China, No. 2019KQNCX133 and a special fund for the science and technology innovation strategy of Guangdong Province (PDJH2021C0033). This work was sponsored by the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials (No. ZDSYS20200421111401738), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control (2017B030301012), and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control. In particular, we acknowledge the technical support from the SUSTech Core Research Facilities.

1. Raw material collection and treatment
<ol>
	<li>Red soil collection
	<ol>
		<li>Collect the red soil. Remove the 30 cm top layer of the soil containing plants and residual organic matter. 
		NOTE: In this experiment, the red soil was collected at the campus of Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (113&#176;59&#39; E, 22&#176;36&#39; N).</li>
	</ol>
	</li>
	<li>Red soil treatment
	<ol>
		<li>Air-dry the collected red soil at room temperature and fil...

<ol>
	<li>Qin, G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Soil+heavy+metal+pollution+and+food+safety+in+China:+Effects,+sources+and+removing+technology.">Soil heavy metal pollution and food safety in China: Effects, sources and removing technology.</a> Chemosphere. 267, 129205 (2021).</li><li>Xu, D. M., Fu, R. B., Liu, H. Q., Guo, X. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Current+knowledge+from+heavy+metal+pollution+in+Chinese+smelter+contaminated+soils,+health+risk+implications+and+associated+remediation+progress+in+recent+decades:+A+critical+review.">Current knowledge from heavy metal pollution in Chinese smelter contaminated soils, health risk implications and associated remediation progress in recent decades: A critical review.</a> Journal of Cleaner Production. 286, 124989 (2021).</li><li>Dong, X., Ma, L. Q., Li, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Characteristics+and+mechanisms+of+hexavalent+chromium+removal+by+biochar+from+sugar+beet+tailing.">Characteristics and mechanisms of hexavalent chromium removal by biochar from sugar beet tailing.</a> Journal of Hazardous Materials. 190 (1-3), 909-915 (2011).</li><li>El-Mekkawi, D. M., Selim, M. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Removal+of+Pb2++from+water+by+using+Na-Y+zeolites+prepared+from+Egyptian+kaolins+collected+from+different+sources.">Removal of Pb2+ from water by using Na-Y zeolites prepared from Egyptian kaolins collected from different sources.</a> Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 2 (1), 723-730 (2014).</li><li>Perego, C., Bagatin, R., Tagliabue, M., Vignola, R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Zeolites+and+related+mesoporous+materials+for+multi-talented+environmental+solutions.">Zeolites and related mesoporous materials for multi-talented environmental solutions.</a> Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. 166, 37-49 (2013).</li><li>Zheng, R., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Converting+loess+into+zeolite+for+heavy+metal+polluted+soil+remediation+based+on+&amp;#34;soil+for+soil-remediation&amp;#34;+strategy.">Converting loess into zeolite for heavy metal polluted soil remediation based on &amp;#34;soil for soil-remediation&amp;#34; strategy.</a> Journal of Hazardous Materials. 412, 125199 (2021).</li><li>Cheng, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Feasible+low-cost+conversion+of+red+mud+into+magnetically+separated+and+recycled+hybrid+SrFe12O19@NaP1+zeolite+as+a+novel+wastewater+adsorbent.">Feasible low-cost conversion of red mud into magnetically separated and recycled hybrid SrFe12O19@NaP1 zeolite as a novel wastewater adsorbent.</a> Chemical Engineering Journal. 417, 128090 (2021).</li><li>Yang, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Remediation+of+Cu-polluted+soil+with+analcime+synthesized+from+engineering+abandoned+soils+through+green+chemistry+approaches.">Remediation of Cu-polluted soil with analcime synthesized from engineering abandoned soils through green chemistry approaches.</a> Journal of Hazardous Materials. 406, 124673 (2021).</li><li>Song, W., Li, G., Grassian, V. H., Larsen, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+of+improved+materials+for+environmental+applications:+Nanocrystalline+NaY+zeolites.">Development of improved materials for environmental applications: Nanocrystalline NaY zeolites.</a> Environmental Science &amp; Technology. 39 (5), 1214-1220 (2005).</li><li>Cheng, H., Reinhard, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Sorption+of+trichloroethylene+in+hydrophobic+micropores+of+dealuminated+Y+zeolites+and+natural+minerals.">Sorption of trichloroethylene in hydrophobic micropores of dealuminated Y zeolites and natural minerals.</a> Environmental Science &amp; Technology. 40 (24), 7694-7701 (2006).</li><li>Rayalu, S. S., Bansiwal, A. K., Meshram, S. U., Labhsetwar, N., Devotta, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fly+ash+based+zeolite+analogues:+Versatile+materials+for+energy+and+environment+conservation.">Fly ash based zeolite analogues: Versatile materials for energy and environment conservation.</a> Catalysis Surveys from Asia. 10 (2), 74-88 (2006).</li><li>Borel, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=SDA-free+hydrothermal+synthesis+of+high-silica+ultra-nanosized+zeolite+Y.">SDA-free hydrothermal synthesis of high-silica ultra-nanosized zeolite Y.</a> Crystal Growth &amp; Design. 17 (3), 1173-1179 (2017).</li><li>Jin, Y., Li, L., Liu, Z., Zhu, S., Wang, D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synthesis+and+characterization+of+low-cost+zeolite+NaA+from+coal+gangue+by+hydrothermal+method.">Synthesis and characterization of low-cost zeolite NaA from coal gangue by hydrothermal method.</a> Advanced Powder Technology. 32 (3), 791-801 (2021).</li><li>Huiyu, S., Weiming, L., Zheng, Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Current+situation+of+comprehensive+utilization+of+waste+industrial+molecular+sieve+and+agricultural+rice+husk.">Current situation of comprehensive utilization of waste industrial molecular sieve and agricultural rice husk.</a> Liaoning Chemical Industry. 49 (12), 1555 (2020).</li><li>Azizi, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microporous+and+macroporous+materials+state-of-the-art+of+the+technologies+in+zeolitization+of+aluminosilicate+bearing+residues+from+mining+and+metallurgical+industries:+A+comprehensive+review.">Microporous and macroporous materials state-of-the-art of the technologies in zeolitization of aluminosilicate bearing residues from mining and metallurgical industries: A comprehensive review.</a> Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. 318, 111029 (2021).</li><li>Yang, D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transferring+waste+red+mud+into+ferric+oxide+decorated+ANA-type+zeolite+for+multiple+heavy+metals+polluted+soil+remediation.">Transferring waste red mud into ferric oxide decorated ANA-type zeolite for multiple heavy metals polluted soil remediation.</a> Journal of Hazardous Materials. 424, 127244 (2022).</li><li>Kirdeciler, S. K., Akata, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=One+pot+fusion+route+for+the+synthesis+of+zeolite+4A+using+kaolin).">One pot fusion route for the synthesis of zeolite 4A using kaolin).</a> Advanced Powder Technology. 31 (10), 4336-4343 (2020).</li><li>Rubtsova, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Nanoarchitectural+approach+for+synthesis+of+highly+crystalline+zeolites+with+a+low+Si/Al+ratio+from+natural+clay+nanotubes.">Nanoarchitectural approach for synthesis of highly crystalline zeolites with a low Si/Al ratio from natural clay nanotubes.</a> Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. 330, 111622 (2022).</li><li>Setthaya, N., Chindaprasirt, P., Pimraksa, K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Preparation+of+zeolite+nanocrystals+via+hydrothermal+and+solvothermal+synthesis+using+of+rice+husk+ash+and+metakaolin.">Preparation of zeolite nanocrystals via hydrothermal and solvothermal synthesis using of rice husk ash and metakaolin.</a> Materials Science Forum. 872, 242-247 (2016).</li><li>Belviso, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Red+mud+as+aluminium+source+for+the+synthesis+of+magnetic+zeolite.">Red mud as aluminium source for the synthesis of magnetic zeolite.</a> Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. 270, 24-29 (2018).</li><li>Zhao, Y., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Removal+of+ammonium+from+wastewater+by+pure+form+low-silica+zeolite+Y+synthesized+from+halloysite+mineral.">Removal of ammonium from wastewater by pure form low-silica zeolite Y synthesized from halloysite mineral.</a> Separation Science and Technology. 45 (8), 1066-1075 (2010).</li><li>Meng, Q., Chen, H., Lin, J., Lin, Z., Sun, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Zeolite+A+synthesized+from+alkaline+assisted+pre-activated+halloysite+for+efficient+heavy+metal+removal+in+polluted+river+water+and+industrial+wastewater.">Zeolite A synthesized from alkaline assisted pre-activated halloysite for efficient heavy metal removal in polluted river water and industrial wastewater.</a> Journal of Environmental Sciences (China). 56, 254-262 (2017).</li><li>Wang, X., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Synthesis+of+substrate-bound+Au+nanowires+via+an+active+surface+growth+mechanism.">Synthesis of substrate-bound Au nanowires via an active surface growth mechanism.</a> Journal of Visualized Experiments. (137), e57808 (2018).</li><li>Asundi, A. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Understanding+structure-property+relationships+of+MoO3-promoted+Rh+catalysts+for+syngas+conversion+to+alcohols.">Understanding structure-property relationships of MoO3-promoted Rh catalysts for syngas conversion to alcohols.</a> Journal of the American Chemical Society. 141 (50), 19655-19668 (2019).</li><li>Zhu, Q., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Solvent-free+crystallization+of+ZSM-5+zeolite+on+SiC+foam+as+a+monolith+catalyst+for+biofuel+upgrading.">Solvent-free crystallization of ZSM-5 zeolite on SiC foam as a monolith catalyst for biofuel upgrading.</a> Chinese Journal of Catalysis. 41 (7), 1118-1124 (2020).</li><li>Ghrear, T. M. 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Zeolite is typically an aluminosilicate material. In theory, materials that are rich in silicate and aluminate can be chosen as raw materials for zeolite synthesis. The Si/Al ratio of the raw material must be similar to that of the selected type of zeolite to minimize the usage of additional silicon/aluminum sources6,8,16. The Si/Al ratio of FAU-type zeolite is 1.2, and the Si/Al ratio of red soil is 1.3. Therefore, red soil is ...

Heavy metal(loid)s from anthropogenic and natural activities are ubiquitous in the air, water, and soil environment1. They are of high mobility and toxicity, posing a potential health risk to human beings by direct contact or via food chain transportation2. Water is vital for the life of human beings since it is the feedstock of every family. Restoring water health is crucial. Therefore, it is of great importance to decrease the mobility and bioavailability of toxic heavy metal(loid)s in water. To maintain good health in water, water remediation materials, such as biochar, iron-based materials, and zeolite, play an essential role in immobilizing or removing heavy metal(loid)s from aqueous environments3,4,5.
Zeolites are highly crystalline materials with unique pores and channels in their crystal structures. They are composed of TO4 tetrahedra (T is the central atom, usually Si, Al, or P) connected by shared O atoms. The negative surface charge and exchangeable ions in the pores make it a popular adsorbent for ion capture, which has been extensively used in heavy metal-polluted water and soil remediation. Benefiting from their structures, the remediation mechanisms involved in contaminant removal by zeolites mainly include chemical bonding6, surface electrostatic interaction7, and ion exchange8.
Faujasite (FAU)-type zeolite has relatively large pores, with a maximum pore diameter of 11.24 &#197;. It shows high efficiency and broad applications for contaminant removal9,10. In recent years, extensive research has devoted to developing green and low-cost routines for zeolite synthesis, such as using industrial solid wastes11 as raw material to provide silicon and aluminium sources, or adopting directing agent-free recipes12. The reported&#160;alternative industrial solid wastes that can be silicon and aluminum sources include coal gangue13, fly ash11, waste molecular sieves14, mining and metallurgical wastes15, engineering-abandoned soil8, and agricultural soil6, etc.
Herein, red soil, an abundant and easily obtained silicon and aluminum-rich material, was adopted as the raw material, and a facile green chemistry approach was developed for Fe2O3/FAU-type zeolite composite material synthesis (Figure 1). The detailed synthesis parameters have been finely tuned. The as-synthesized material shows high immobilization capacity for heavy metal-contaminated water remediation. The present study should be instructive for related researchers who are interested in this area to use soil as a raw material for eco-material synthesis.

<table border="1" fo:keep-together.within-page="1" fo:keep-with-next.within-page="always">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>Chemicals</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate</td>
			<td>Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., LTD</td>
			<td>C102676</td>
			<td>AR, 99%. Make 1,000 ppm&#160; stock solution for the test of adsorption performance of zeolite.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Chromium(III) nitrate nonahydrate</td>
			<td>Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., LTD</td>
			<td>C116446</td>
			<td>AR, 99%. Make 1,000 ppm&#160; stock solution for the test of adsorption performance of zeolite.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Copper sulfate pentahydrate</td>
			<td>Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., LTD</td>
			<td>C112396</td>
			<td>AR, 99%. Make 1,000 ppm&#160; stock solution for the test of adsorption performance of zeolite.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Lead nitrate</td>
			<td>Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., LTD</td>
			<td>L112118</td>
			<td>AR, 99%. Make 1,000 ppm stock solution for the test of adsorption performance of zeolite.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nickel nitrate hexahydrate</td>
			<td>Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., LTD</td>
			<td>N108891</td>
			<td>AR, 98%. Make 1,000 ppm&#160; stock solution for the test of adsorption performance of zeolite.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Nitric acid</td>
			<td>Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., LTD</td>
			<td>N116238</td>
			<td>AR, 69.2%. Used as solvent in ICP-MS test.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Potassium dichromate</td>
			<td>Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., LTD</td>
			<td>P112163</td>
			<td>AR, 99.8%. Make 1,000 ppm&#160; stock solution for the test of adsorption performance of zeolite.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Silicon dioxide</td>
			<td>Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., LTD</td>
			<td>S116482</td>
			<td>AR, 99%. For synthesis of zeolite.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium (meta)arsenite</td>
			<td>Sigma-aldrich</td>
			<td>S7400-100G</td>
			<td>AR, 90%. Make 1,000 ppm stock solution for the test of adsorption performance of zeolite.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium hydroxide</td>
			<td>Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., LTD</td>
			<td>S111502</td>
			<td>Pellets. For the synthesis of zeolite.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Zinc nitrate hexahydrate</td>
			<td>Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., LTD</td>
			<td>Z111703</td>
			<td>AR, 99%. Make 1,000 ppm&#160; stock solution for the test of adsorption performance of zeolite.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Equipment</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Air-dry oven</td>
			<td>Shanghai Yiheng Technology Instrument Co.,LTD.</td>
			<td>DHG-9075A</td>
			<td>Used for hydrothermal crystallization and drying of sample</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Analytical balance</td>
			<td>Sartorius Scientific Instruments Co.LTD</td>
			<td>BSA224S-CW</td>
			<td>Used for weighing samples</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Centrifuge tubes</td>
			<td>Nantong Supin Experimental Equipment Co., LTD</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>High speed centrifuge</td>
			<td>Hunan Xiang Yi Laboratory Instrument Development Co.,LTD</td>
			<td>H1850</td>
			<td>Used for separation of solid and liquid samples</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Multipoint magnetic stirrer</td>
			<td>IKA Equipment Co.,LTD.</td>
			<td>RT15</td>
			<td>Used for stirring samples</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Oscillator</td>
			<td>Changzhou Guohua Electric Appliances Co.,LTD.</td>
			<td>SHA-B</td>
			<td>For uniform mixing of samples</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Syringe-driven filter</td>
			<td>Tianjin Jinteng Experimental Equipment Co.,LTD.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>0.22 &#956;m. For filtration.</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Softwares</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>JADE 6.5</td>
			<td>Materials Data&#38; (MDI)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Mercury</td>
			<td>Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC)</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Materials Studio</td>
			<td>Accelrys Software Inc.</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Websites</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Database of Zeolite Structures: http://www.iza-structure.org/databases/</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>ICSD: https://icsd.products.fiz-karlsruhe.de/en</td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
			<td></td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

resource recycling of red soil to synthesize fe2o3/fau-type zeolite composite material for heavy metal removal

Heavy metal-polluted water is of great concern to human health and the eco-environment. In situ water remediation techniques enabled by highly efficient adsorption materials are of great importance in these circumstances. Among all the materials used in water remediation, iron-based nanomaterials and porous materials are of great interest, benefiting from their rich redox reactivity and adsorption function. Here, we developed a facile protocol to directly convert the widely spread red soil in south China to fabricate the Fe2O3/faujasite (FAU)-type zeolite composite material. 
The detailed synthesis procedure and synthesis parameters, such as reaction temperature, reaction time, and the Si/Al ratio in the raw materials, have been carefully tuned. The as-synthesized composite materials show good adsorption capacity for typical heavy metal(loid) ions. With 0.001 g/mL Fe2O3/FAU-type zeolite composite material added to different heavy metal(loid)-polluted aqueous solutions (single type of heavy metal(loid) concentration: 1,000 mg/L [ppm]), the adsorption capacity was shown to be 172, 45, 170, 40, 429, 693, 94, and 133 mg/g for Cu (II), Cr (III), Cr (VI), As (III), Cd (II), Pb (II), Zn (II), and Ni (II) removal, respectively, which can be further expanded for heavy metal-polluted water and soil remediation.

Figure 1 illustrates the overall synthesis route of zeolite based on the &#34;soil for soil remediation&#34; strategy6. With a simple organic-free route, red soil can be converted to Fe2O3/FAU-type zeolite composite material without adding any Fe or Al source. The as-synthesized zeolite composite material exhibits excellent removal capacity for heavy metal-polluted water remediation and can be used for soil remediation.
<p class="jove_content...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Resource Recycling of Red Soil to Synthesize Fe2O3/FAU-type Zeolite Composite Material for Heavy Metal Removal at JoVE.com

Resource Recycling of Red Soil to Synthesize Fe2O3/FAU-type Zeolite Composite Material for Heavy Metal Removal

This article presents a novel and convenient route to synthesize Fe2O3/faujasite (FAU)-type zeolite composite material from red soil. The detailed synthesis parameters have been finely tuned. The obtained composite material can be used for efficient heavy metal-contaminated water remediation, indicating its potential applications in environmental engineering.

Resource Recycling of Red Soil to Synthesize Fe2O3/FAU-type Zeolite Composite Material for Heavy Metal Removal

Heavy metal-polluted water is of great concern to human health and the eco-environment. In situ water remediation techniques enabled by highly efficient ...

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Microbes in soils and other environments produce extracellular enzymes to depolymerize and hydrolyze organic macromolecules so that they can be ...

Design and Operation of a Continuous 13C and 15N Labeling Chamber for Uniform or Differential, Metabolic and Structural, Plant Isotope Labeling

Design and Operation of a Continuous 13C and 15N Labeling Chamber for Uniform or Differential, Metabolic and Structural, Plant Isotope Labeling

Tracing rare stable isotopes from plant material through the ecosystem provides the most sensitive information about ecosystem processes; from CO2 fluxes ...

A Protocol for Conducting Rainfall Simulation to Study Soil Runoff

Rainfall is a driving force for the transport of environmental contaminants from agricultural soils to surficial water bodies via surface runoff. The ...

A Gusseted Thermogradient Table to Control Soil Temperatures for Evaluating Plant Growth and Monitoring Soil Processes

Thermogradient tables were first developed in the 1950s primarily to test seed germination over a range of temperatures simultaneously without using a ...

Protocols for Quantifying Transferable Pesticide Residues in Turfgrass Systems

Plant canopies in established turfgrass systems can intercept an appreciable amount of sprayed pesticides, which can be transferred through various routes ...

Determination of Inorganic Arsenic in a Wide Range of Food Matrices using Hydride Generation - Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.

The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) underlined in its Scientific Opinion on Arsenic in Food that in order to support a sound exposure assessment to ...

Nanopore DNA Sequencing for Metagenomic Soil Analysis

This article describes the steps for construction of a DNA library from soil, preparation and use of the nanopore flow cell, and analysis of the DNA ...

Measuring and Mapping Patterns of Soil Erosion and Deposition Related to Soil Carbonate Concentrations Under Agricultural Management

Spatial patterns of soil erosion and deposition can be inferred from differences in ground elevation mapped at appropriate time increments. Such changes ...

Assessing the Particulate Matter Removal Abilities of Tree Leaves

Based on the conventional cleaning methods (water cleaning (WC) + brush cleaning (BC)), this study evaluated the influence of ultrasonic cleaning (UC) on ...

Use of Principal Components for Scaling Up Topographic Models to Map Soil Redistribution and Soil Organic Carbon

Landscape topography is a critical factor affecting soil formation and plays an important role in determining soil properties on the earth surface, as it ...